本研究利用CTD做為載具平台搭載紊流儀以垂直下放方式直接觀測海洋紊流，紊流儀包含流速剪切探針、溫度探針以及導電度探針，一共完成四個航次實驗，區域分別為高雄外海、高屏峽谷、澎湖水道以及南海北部陸棚，利用不同海況下的紊流數據來分析雜訊的影響以及評估此載台的可行性，分析紊流的微結構變化，推算動能消散率與垂直擴散係數，也利用Thorpe overturn的結果輔助比較。
研究結果顯示載台震盪使流速剪切資料受到干擾，經過篩選後能找出少量沒有受到載具影響及傾斜角度較小的資料，其頻譜能擬合Nasmyth經驗曲線，進而得到動能消散率ε，由ε所反推得到的溫度變動量消散率χ_T與由溫度探針直接觀測的結果很接近，說明溫度探針受到載台的影響較小，因此利用溫度資料來估算能量消散率為可行的。另一方面，利用χ_T值反算得到之χ_S值與利用導電度探針直接觀測之結果在定性上相似，而量級上則有些許差異。
本研究的第二部分是利用CTD－紊流儀直接觀測南海陸棚上之內波紊流特性，觀測方式為利用海研三號追逐內波，紊流量測分為固定深度以及tow-yo方式(CTD做連續上下量測)。將紊流儀固定在80公尺深處做定點觀測，發現在內波通過的前後，水平溫度梯度變化強烈，χ_T值最大可達10-4 K2s-1。tow-yo觀測結果發現內波外緣處有密度變化較劇烈的情形，在內波後緣上層出現較大的垂直擴散係數，說明內波通過後會對後方水團造成強烈混合。內波下層以及後緣處能量消散強烈，ε_χ值最大可達10-3 Wkg-1，說明在內波邊緣處會因水團特性差異造成強烈混合。

To test the feasibility of measuring small-scale turbulence from a conventional shipboard CTD, a self-contained package carrying velocity shear probe, FP07 thermistor and micro-conductivity probe was attached to the CTD in the field measurements. Four cruises were conducted, and the studied areas consist of waters off Kaohsiung, Kao-ping Submarine Canyon, Peng-hu Channel and the continental shelf of northern South China Sea (SCS). Data from various sea states and flow conditions were analyzed to investigate the effect of noise induced by the vibrations of the platform on the microstructure turbulence. Dissipation rates of turbulent kinetic energy (ε) and temperature variance (χ_T) as well as the vertical eddy diffusivity were estimated and compared with those derived from the Thorpe scale method.
Our results indicate that vibrations from the CTD rosette and cables will contaminate shear spectra significantly. After some quality control procedures, a small number of good shear data can be selected which are free from the platform vibrations with small tilt angles. The measured shear spectra fit well with the Nasmyth Empirical Spectrum. Values of χ_T derived from ε are consistent with those measured directly from the thermistor, thus confirming the feasibility of thermistor in measuring turbulence. On the other hand, ocean turbulence measured directly by the micro-conductivity probe shows less satisfactory results.
The second part of this study is using the CTD-microrider to measure the turbulence properties of internal waves (IW) in the continental shelf of the northern SCS. With the R/V OR3 following the IW, CTD casts were conducted in two styles of fixed depth and tow-yo. When the microrider was fixed at a depth of 80 m, it was found that strong horizontal temperature gradient occurs during the passage of IW, and maximum χ_T reached a value of approximately 10-4 K2s-1. When the microrider was doing tow-yo, it was found that intensive density variation associated with vertical overturns occur behind the IW passage accompanied with large eddy diffusivity. Maximum value of ε_χ as large as 10-3 Wkg-1 was obtained at the lower layer of the backward face of IW, implying strong turbulent mixing induced by the IW.

謝誌
摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 ix
使用之參數與符號x
一、 緒論 1
1-1. 前言 1
1-2. 研究目的 4
二、 儀器介紹與研究區域 5
2-1. 儀器介紹 5
2-1.1. 紊流儀 5
剪切探針(shear probe) 5
溫度探針(thermistor) 6
導電度探針(micro-conductivity) 6
2-1.2. CTD 8
2-2.航次及實驗地點 8
2-2.1. 台灣西南外海 8
2-2.2. 南海北部陸棚 9
三、資料分析 18
3-1. CTD 資料處理 18
3-1.1. Thorpe Method 19
3-2. microRider 資料處理 20
3-2.1. 動能消散率ε 20
3-2.2. 溫度變動量消散率χ_T 23
3-2.3. 鹽度變動量消散率χ_S 26
四、結果與討論 35
4-1. 紊流量測數據之品管與檢驗 35
4-1.1. 載具影響及資料篩選 35
4-1.2. 篩選之剪切資料與χ_T結果比較 38
4-1.3. χ_S與χ_T之結果比較 41
4-2. 南海內波之紊流觀測 43
4-2.1. 前人研究及1541航次結果分析 43
4-2.2. 背景值與內波固定深度觀測 44
4-2.3. 內波tow-yo觀測 46
五、結論與建議 63
5-1.結論 63
5-2.建議 64
六、參考文獻 65
附錄 69
剪切資料處理程序 69
溫度資料處理程序 69
導電度資料處理程序 70

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