本研究採集台灣西南海域及河口表面(<15 cm)沉積物，及搜集其他研究計畫於2005-2006年採集之高屏峽谷附近已定年之沉積物岩心，分析基本物理化學參數(粒徑、總有機碳、總無機碳等)及重金屬總濃度、表面沉積物並使用連續萃取(sequential extraction)的處理方式，萃取沉積物重金屬在5個相(可交換相、碳酸鹽相、鐵錳氧化物相、有機質和硫化物相、晶格相)的濃度。本研究結果分析後據以了解重金屬在台灣西南海域的沉積物分布型態及現況，並進一步探討近年西南部環境狀況改變對沉積物重金屬的影響，及沉積物重金屬(鐵、錳、鋅、鉛、銅、鎳)的物種分佈與沉積物物理化學特性的關係。
研究結果顯示台灣西南海域的表層沉積物重金屬空間分布的差異，主要是受到沉積物中細顆粒(Mud, <63 μm)含量影響，及台灣西南部各主要河流傳輸重金屬來源差異的影響。高屏溪出海口附近到高屏峽谷外海的沉積物中細顆粒含量都為90%以上，高雄港以北的沿岸區域，除安平沿岸一帶狀區域外，細顆粒含量都在10 %以下，表面沉積物中總重金屬濃度與細顆粒含量的空間分布趨勢大致一致。表面沉積物各重金屬物種的分布，鉛和錳物種是以碳酸鈣相為主，銅、鎳和鋅物種則是以鐵錳氧化物相為主，而西南海域表面沉積物中晶格相的鐵、鎳、鉛、鋅濃度約佔總濃度的20~30 %，沉積物中鐵錳氧化物相及有機質和硫化物相重金屬濃度大致受沉積物中鐵氧化物及總有機碳含量控制。
岩心沉積物重金屬分析所得結果顯示高屏峽谷北邊岩心重金屬濃度大致略高於南邊，這是因台灣海峽海流是以南向北為主，高屏溪含有較高重金屬濃度的懸浮顆粒被帶往北邊多於南邊。在1995~2000年後，峽谷南北岩心都顯示重金屬濃度有明顯的增加，而在2003- 2006年間濃度有下降趨勢，近年區域環境對重金屬污染程度而言應有改善，而2006年前採集之高屏峽谷附近沉積物岩心，可發現由颱風和濁流干擾造成重金屬濃度下降，尤其是峽谷北邊較直接受高屏溪輸出物質影響的岩心，顯示因特殊事件從高屏溪帶來的沉積物重金屬濃度確有較低，推測高屏溪沉積物重金屬濃度降低可能將持續反映在高屏峽谷附近海域沉積物中。

This research collected surface (<15 cm) sediments from estuarine and coastal zones off southwestern Taiwan. Basic sediment parameters, including grain size, and total organic carbon (TOC) and total inorganic carbon (TIC) concentrations were analyzed. For heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn), total metal concentrations and metal fractions separated by sequential extraction techniques were determined. This study also obtained several previously collected sediment cores in the Gaoping Canyon area that had been dated by other researchers. Results obtained in this study are used in order to understand the distribution patterns of heavy metals in coastal sediments off southwestern Taiwan, and related to regional environmental changes regarding heavy metals.
The distribution of heavy metal fractions and their geochemical
significances were studied.
Results obtained in this study indicate that physicochemical characteristics of sediments largely affected heavy metal distribution in coastal sediments off southwestern Taiwan. Regional flow patterns contributed to the observed distribution patterns. Higher heavy metal concentrations were found in sediments collected near the Gaoping river mouth, the Gaoping Canyon and its nearby continental slope, and a narrow banded offshore region off the Anping-Tainan urban areas. These results reflect the distribution of fine-grained sediments in the studied area.
Vertical profiles of heavy metals in four dated cores showed drastic increases of heavy metal concentrations since 1995-2000, and some extent of decreases during 2003-2006 in two of the cores. Although actions of environmental protection regarding heavy metal pollution had taken place in this region, decreases in sediment heavy metals were mostly attributed to episodic typhoon and possibly sediment slumping events. With the recently intensified landslides and mud flows in the upper reaches of the river that would bring upstream soils and particles to the estuarine region, leading to the decrease of metal concentrations in the Gaoping estuarine sediments, a more significant decreasing trend in sediment metal concentrations can be speculated for the future.

致謝………………………………………………………………………i
中文摘要…………………………………………………..…………….ii
英文摘要…………………………………………..…….…......….…....iv
目錄…………………………………………………….…………….....vi
圖目錄…………………………………………………….…….….….viii
表目錄…………………………………………………….…….…......xiii

第一章 前言……………………………………………………….…....1
第二章 研究區域與分析方法
2.1 研究區域…………………………………………………..…...7
2.2 採樣方法………………………………………………….…....8
2.3 樣品分析方法………………………………………….……....9
第三章 結果與討論
3.1 表層沉積物…………………………….…..............................18
3.1.1 沉積物物理化學特性……………………………….…...….18
3.1.2 沉積物重金總濃度………………………………...……….19
3.1.3 台灣西南海域沉積物重金屬變化………………...……….30
3.2 表層沉積物重金屬物種分佈……………………...……...….35
3.2.1 重金屬物種……………………………………………...….35
3.2.2表面沉積物各重金屬物種特性討論…………..…………...57
3.3 岩心沉積物………………...……………………………..…..64
3.3.1 高屏峽谷岩心…………………………………………...….64
3.3.2 曾文溪口岩心……………………………………………....77
3.3.3高屏峽谷海域沉積物重金屬歷史變化…………………….81
第四章 結論………………………………………………………...…85
參考文獻
中文部份………………………………………………….……….88
英文部分………………………………………………….……….89
附錄一(台灣西南海域沉積物各測站編號、經緯度和水深)..………..93

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經濟部水利署網站(http://www.wra.gov.tw/default.asp)
行政院環保署網站 (http://www.epa.gov.tw/)
內政部營建署網站 (http://www.cpami.gov.tw/web/index.php)










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