土壤中的非生物環境因子例如土壤有機質、濕度、鹽度等，往往是影響土
壤中無脊椎動物棲所選擇與分佈的主要因素。在海岸的生物，因為海水、鹽霧
及距海遠近影響，鹽度成為影響海岸生物生態最重要的非生物環境因子之一。
以往探討影響海岸生物分佈的因子多以植物為主，土壤無脊椎動物較少。本研
究針對三種生存於不同棲地類型的陸生等足目為對象，探討土壤無脊椎動物的
分佈是否與土壤中的鹽度相關。Alloniscus sp. 是一群大部分生活在高潮線以上
海岸濕地的陸生等足目動物，應具有較高耐鹽的生理適應；Venezillo parvus 廣
泛分布於海岸林到內陸；而Burmoniscus meeusei則只分布在內陸較潮溼的地方。
在嘉義鰲鼓溼地與雲林宜梧農場利用掉落式陷阱記錄此三物種的豐度以及測量
陷阱周遭土壤鹽度、含水量以及有機質。並且計算三物種於不同土壤鹽度下的
存活率，及三物種對於不同鹽度土壤的選擇。實驗結果顯示土壤含水量與土壤
鹽度為共同主要影響此三物種的野外分布， Alloniscus sp. 偏好土壤鹽度較高的
鹽澤（salt marsh）與草澤（swamp），是三物種中在野外最耐鹽的物種。室內耐
鹽實驗結果顯示V. parvus 的耐鹽能力最好，其次為 Alloniscus sp.，而最不耐鹽
的是B. meeusei。鹽度土壤偏好結果顯示Alloniscus sp.雖有顯著差異，但無明顯的
偏好趨勢；V. parvus偏好中鹽性土（EC=4-8 mS/cm）；B. meeusei則是偏好非鹽
性土（EC=0-2 mS/cm）。根據結果， Alloniscus sp. 雖然多數分布在高鹽度土壤
棲地環境中，但其對於土壤鹽度的耐受度卻不及 V. parvus，推測 Alloniscus sp.
的分佈現況除了受到土壤鹽度的影響，應該也與物種競爭相關；而 V. parvus有
較高耐鹽能力應該與其會捲曲的行為有關係；B. meeuseisei耐受度低，是最不適
合在沿岸地區生存的物種。

The soil abiotic factors such as soil organic matter, water content, and salinity are the important as to affect the habitat selection and distribution of soil invertebrates. The soil organisms inhabiting in coastal zone are affected mostly salinity. In the past, studies on the distribution of organisms were mostly on plants, with few on soil invertebrate. This study aims to investigative three terrestrial isopods in coastal areas in Taiwan, and explore of the relationship between soil salinity and distribution. Alloniscis sp. lives above the high tide line to the coastal wetlands, supposed to have higher salt tolerance compared with other two; Venezillo parvus is widely distributed from coast forest to inland; and Burmoniscus meeusei is common in wet soil inland. The species abundance, soil salinity, water content, and organic matters were recorded in Aogu wetland and Yiwu farm, southern Taiwan. Preference and survival rates of these species under different soil salinity levels were investigated. The results showed that soil salinity and soil water content are important factors affecting the species distribution. Alloniscus sp. prefers the salt marsh and swamp with high soil salinity. The result of survival of the three species under different salinity condition showed that, V. parvus is the most salt tolerant, followed by Alloniscus sp.; with B. meeusei as the last. The soil salinity preference experiment showed that Alloniscus sp. has no special salinity preference; V. parvus is found mostly in salinity of EC = 4-8 mS/cm; and B. meeusei EC = 0-2 mS/cm. Alloniscus sp., the species most close to coastline did not show the highest salt tolerance ability among the three species. The distribution of Alloniscus sp. Might be affected not only by soil salinity, but also by species competition. The high salinity tolerance in V. parvus may be due to its ability to roll its body. B. meeusei has least salinity tolerance and is species which unsuitable living in coastal zone.

Introduction ........................................................................................... 1
Materials and Methods .......................................................................... 6
Results ................................................................................................. 12
Discussion ........................................................................................... 16
Literature Cited ................................................................................... 20
Tables .................................................................................................. 27
Figures ................................................................................................. 34

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