Responsive image
博碩士論文 etd-0212104-053220 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0212104-053220
論文名稱
Title
一個電子化採購影響因素之探索性研究
An Exploratory Study of Factors Influencing e-Procurement
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
196
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2004-01-16
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2004-02-12
關鍵字
Keywords
協同合作、委外、電子採購、採購策略
procurement strategy, e-collaboration, e-procurement, outsourcing
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5884 次,被下載 0
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5884 times, has been downloaded 0 times.
中文摘要
對許多企業而言,電子採購系統所帶來「節流」的效果,而促進毛利的增加, 遠比「開源」來得多。在經歷了數年的經濟不景氣之後,益發顯示出其重要性。即使隨著景氣日漸好轉,這種永久性的節流的電子採購系統仍有其建置的必要性。
本論文根據文獻探討及整理之後,並以由個案來建立理論的方法,建立了本論文中的整合性電子採購模型。該模型有採購的品項、電子採購流程、供應商吸引力因素及供應商關係等構面。而每一構面又有其考慮的因素。
在微利時代的今日,企業應當將電子採購視為策略性的工具,也就是利用一連串的採購策略的運作,再藉由Web或Internet的互動,使採購流程上的交易成本的降低及促進流程的順暢來達到最大的綜效。
對外採購的品項若是服務,則稱為委外服務。本論文對於策略性的採購品及委外服務的協同合作之互動描寫尤其深入,並以美商英特爾及其供應商華泰、日月光來說明英特爾的電子採購鏈。此外對於在電子採購前的e-sourcing(電子搜尋)系統亦有著墨。
本論文在經過了資料分析後,提出了幾點假說﹕
假設1. 若即將採購的品項或委外的服務愈是認定是核心競爭來源,則企業將愈不傾向將即將採購的品項外購或服務委外。
假設2. 採購流程的結構化程度愈高,愈容易達成利用自動化的方式來設定並完成採構的流程。
假設3. 在供應商吸引力因素中愈容易量化的因素,因為也易於達到標準化及結構化,所以其導入電子化的可能性愈高。
假設4. 在供應商吸引力因素中,比較傾向人際間而產生影響的因素,這些因素其與e化的相關性並不顯著。
最後並以此模型之運用來做為本論文的結尾。
關鍵字﹕電子採購、採購策略、委外、協同合作
Abstract
Nowadays, for many enterprises, the advantages coming from the savings of e-procurement systems, which contribute to the increasing of gross profit, benefit more than those coming from the earnings. After depressed economic environment in recent years, the e-procurement system seems to show its unique importance. Even with the economic climate getting better , the urgency to build a sustainable e-procurement system is still very important in establishing the long term competitive advantage of the companies.
In this thesis , an e-procurement strategic alignment model is proposed to build relevant theories through the case study approach . The e-procurement model in the thesis is composed of four major perspectives , including factors such as product , process , supplier’s attraction and supplier relationship. Besides, related issues in each factor are also addressed.
In the so-called meagre profit era , every enterprise should think of e-procurement as a major strategic tool . That is to say , by means of a series of strategic operation in e-procurement and Web / Internet solution , it can reduce transaction cost and streamline procurement process to maximize the synergy in a company .
If the procurement is service , sometimes it is referred to outsourcing . In thesis , e-collaboration plays an important role in strategic products in the supply chain which includes the buyer, Intel , and two suppliers ,OSE and ASE . Futhermore , an e-sourcing system which was usually adopted and executed before e-procurement system was discussed in thesis.
Here there are four hypotheses resulted from case analysis in this study shown below:
Hypothesis 1.﹕If the procurement or outsourcing service are regarded as one part of the core competence of the enterprise , the company seldom tend to procure products outside or outsource this kind of service.
Hypothesis 2.﹕The higher the extent to the structuralization of the procurement processes, the easier the processes set up automatically.
Hypothesis 3.﹕The easier the factors in supply attraction are quantified , the higher the possibility of those factors are electonicalized since quantitative analysis can lead to standardization and structuralization of associated factors .
Keywords﹕e-procurement , procurement strategy , outsourcing , e-collaboration
目次 Table of Contents
目錄索引
目錄索引……………………………………………………………………………I
圖目錄……………………………………………………………………………....IV
表目錄………………………………………………………………………………V

第一章 緒論...………………………………………………………………………1
1.1 研究背景與動機...…………………………………………...……………1
1.2 論文架構…………………………………………….………………….....3
第二章 文獻探討與回顧…………………………………….…………………....5
2.1 採購相關的文獻回顧……………………………………………………..5
2.1.1採購的定義……………………………………………………........5
2.1.2採購的策略………………………………………..………………..6
2.1.3採購品項的分類…………………………….……………………..11
2.2 電子採購相關的文獻………………………………………….………….14
2.2.1 電子採購的定義……………………………………….……….….14
2.2.2 電子採購的架構……………………………..………….………....15
2.2.3 電子採購的架構的典範-RosettaNet標準……………….….….....18
2.3 電子採購的流程面……………………………………………….…… ….21
2.3.1 Web Environment的採購流程…………………………….……….22
2.4 供應商方面的因素……………………………………………….……….29
2.4.1 供應商選擇因素及供應商關係的構面因素…………….………..29
2.4.2 策略夥伴選擇之因素及功能面的供應商關係…………….……..36
2.4.3 HBR model…………………………………………………..……...39
2.4.4 供應鏈上考量之其他因素....………………………….….……….42
2.5 本研究整合模型之導出.….………………………………..……………..42
第三章 研究方法....…………………………………………………..……..…….49
3.1 本研究為個案研究法之探索性研究.……………………………….......49
3.2 個案設計上為多個案設計之嵌入式的多重分析單元......…….….........50
3.3個案研究方法論﹕依循Eisenhardt之由個案研究來建立理論……..…..52
第四章 個案介紹.…………………………………………………….…………...60
4.1 半導體封裝產業簡介……………………………..…………….…….....60
4.1.1 半導體產業發展歷史……………………..…………….……......61
4.1.2 IC封裝的流程之介紹……………………..…………….……......63
4.2 國內封裝業之近況……………………….………………………….......64
4.3 本研究個案公司介紹…………………….………………………….......66
4.3.1 美商英特爾公司……………………..…………….……..............66
4.3.2 日月光半導體公司……………………..…………….……..........67
4.3.3 華泰電子公司……………………..…………….……..................69
第五章 資料分析…………………………………………………………….…..72
5.1 資料分析前的導讀………………………………….…………………...73
5.1.1 英特爾的委外採購說明………………………………………….74
5.1.2 供應商日月光與英特爾在採購上的互動…………………….....85
5.1.3 供應商華泰與英特爾在採購上的互動………………….………90
5.2 資料分析-單個案及跨個案之分析…………………….…………..........95
5.2.1 Product構面………………………………………………………...98
5.2.2 Process 構面………………………………….…………………....100
5.2.3 Web Environment Procuremenrt構面……….……………………..105
5.2.4 Supplier attraction factor構面………………….…………………...116
5.2.5 upplier relation factor構面……………………..……………….....136
第六章 結論與模型運用………………………………………..………………...162
6.1 結論………………………………………………………..…………......164
6.2 此電子採購模式在管理上的意涵…………………………….….….....178
6.3 研究貢獻……………………………………………………….……......190
6.4 後續研究……………………………………………………….….….....191
參考文獻……………………………………………………….…….....................192



圖 目 錄

圖 2-1、採購流程圖………………………………………………………………...6
圖 2-2、一個整合的採購策略架構圖……………………………………………...7
圖 2-3、電子採購架構圖 ……………………………………………………..…..15
圖 2-4、買方為主的電子市集……………………………………………………..16
圖 2-5、賣方為主的電子市集……………………………………………………..17
圖 2-6、中間型的電子市集………………………………………………………..17
圖 2-7、企業內外部業務流程互動關係圖………………………………………..21
圖 2-8、Web-based採購價值創造之架構.…………….……………………….…..25
圖 2-9、組合的模式圖……………………………………………………………..32
圖 2-10、供應商之分析………………………………………..…………………..35
圖 2-11、產業供應商關係之功能及關係品質……………………………..……..36
圖 2-12、電子採購策略整合模型…………………..……………………………..43
圖 2-13、含各購面因素電子採購模型……………………………………………48
圖 3-1、多重證據來源……………………………………………..……………....58
圖 4-1、半導體上中下游製程圖…………………………………………………..62
圖 5-1、電子採購系統實行滿意度………………………………………………..73
圖 5-2、P4主機板鳥瞰圖………………………………………………………….74
圖 5-3、一個整合的採購策略架構圖……………………………………………..82
圖 5-4、委外製造的策略架構圖…………………………………………………..84
圖 5-5、日月光價值鏈位置圖……………………………………………………..86
圖 5-6、含各構面因素電子採購模型……………………………………………..97
圖 5-7、e-business三大構成圖…………………………………………………...101
圖 5-8、電子採購平台…………………………………………………………….115
圖 5-9、電子貨源搜尋系統……………………………………………………….129
圖 6-1、東和鋼鐵SCM架構………………………………………………………..169
圖 6-2、Product 構面對 Supplier relation factor構面影響圖……………..……….180
圖 6-3、Web下的Procurement process 構面對 Supplier relation factor構面影響圖……………………………………………………………………………………182
圖 6-4、Supplier attraction factor 構面對 Supplier relation factor構面影響圖..183
圖 6-5、Web下的Procurement process 構面對 Supplier attraction factor構面
影響圖…………………………………………………………………….185
圖 6-6、Product構面對supplier attraction factor之影響圖……………………….186
圖 6-7、Product構面對Web下的Procurement process 構面之影響圖…..……..….189


表 目 錄

表 2-1、利用電子採購所創造之不同價值………………………………………..23
表 2-2、HBR模式之供應商角色………………………………………………….40
表 2-3、HBR模式之不同階段供應商作為……………………………………….41
表 2-4、HBR模式在本研究檢驗的屬性…………………………………………..46
表 3-1、個案研究的策略…………………………………………………………..49
表 3-2、個案研究的類型…………………………………………………………..50
表 3-3、由個案來建立理論的步驟與內涵………………………………………..53
表 4-1、IC封裝廠商排名………………………………………………………….65
表 5-1、Product構面訪談結果表…………………………………………….…...98
表 5-2、Process構面訪談結果表……………………………………………….....100
表 5-3、Web Environment Procurement構面訪談結果表……………………….106
表 5-4、Web Environment Procurement構面中Search功能說明表……………106
表 5-5、Web Environment Procurement構面中Process功能說明表…………...108
表 5-6、日月光Web化前後Processing改善比較表……………………………110
表 5-7、Web Environment Procurement構面中Monitoring and Control功能說
明.………………………………………………………………………....111
表 5-8、Web Environment Procurement構面中Coordination功能說明表……..113
表 5-9、supplier attraction factor構面量化指標訪談結果表…………………….116
表 5-10、supplier attraction factor構面中cost因素說明表……………………..117
表 5-11、supplier attraction factor構面中delivery因素說明表…………..……..118
表 5-12、supplier attraction factor構面中quality因素說明表…………………….120
表 5-13、supplier attraction factor構面中supplier’s margin因素說明表…….121
表 5-14、supplier attraction factor構面中量化因素小結表………………..…….122
表 5-15、supplier attraction factor構面質化指標訪談結果表…………………….123
表 5-16、supplier attraction factor構面中safeguard因素說明表…………………123
表 5-17、supplier attraction factor構面中scout因素說明表…………………….125
表 5-18、supplier attraction factor構面中technology因素說明表……………….126
表 5-19、supplier attraction factor構面中market因素說明表…………………….133
表 5-20、supplier attraction factor構面中social function因素說明表……………135
表 5-21、supplier relation factor構面量化指標訪談結果表……………………..136
表 5-22、supplier relation factor構面中volume因素說明表…………………….137
表 5-23、supplier relation factor構面中exit cost因素說明表…………………….138
表 5-24、supplier relation factor構面中The number of peer supplier因素說明表…………………………………………………………………..……140
表 5-25、supplier relation factor構面中Duration of procurement history因素說
明表…………………………………………………………….……….141
表 5-26、supplier relation factor構面中Information sharing因素說明表………142
表 5-27、supplier relation factor構面中質化因素Web應用表…………….……143
表 5-28、HBR供應商角色類型……..……………………………………………146
表 5-29、HBR供應商角色在研發時之作為……………………………………..147
表 5-30、Four supplier roles經英特爾訪談後表格………………….……………149
表 5-31、供應商角色在研發時之作為訪談結果總表…………….……………..153
表 5-32、日月光在Flash Memory產品中在研發時的作為……………………..154
表 5-33、日月光在Chipset產品中在研發時的作為…………………………….156
表 5-34、日月光在Flip chip產品中在研發時的作為……………………………158
表 5-35、華泰在Chipset產品中在研發時的作為………………..………………159
參考文獻 References
參考文獻
中文部份﹕
方至民(2000),「企業競爭優勢」, 前程企業管理有限公司
日月光半導體製造股份有限公司(2002), 公開說明書
日月光半導體製造股份有限公司(2003), 經濟部工業局示範性資訊應用開發計畫﹕半導體製造產業B2B作業整合計畫(晶采計畫)結案報告
胡偉良 , 「什麼是價值工程?」, www.twce.org.tw/info/技師報/124-3-3.html
, 上次存取時間 2003/10/1
梁中平 & 蔡峻雄(2003),“電子商務標準漫談”, 電子商務導航, 第五卷, 第九期, p1-7
陳飛旭 & 賴郁仁(2003), 「體系間零組件資訊掘取機制與技術」, 機械工業月刊, 第240期, p205-225
華泰電子股份有限公司(2002), 公開說明書
資策會(1997),“IC封裝業欣欣向榮”, 資策會MIC研究報告
資策會(1998),“IC封裝業發展前景分析”, 資策會MIC研究報告
戴爾•尼夫(2002), 「電子採購鏈」, 曹新民、余峻瑜譯(2002), 台灣培生教育出版公司
英文部份﹕
Andersen Consulting(2000),“B2B eMarkets partner workshop”, May 31-June(Internal Accenture presentation)
Barratt, M. & Rosdahl, K.(2002),“Exploring business-to-business marketsites”, European Journal of Purchasing & Supply Management, Vol.8, p111-122
Betz, F(1988), Managing Technology Innovation﹕Competitive advantage from change , John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Bichler, M., Lee, J., Lee, H.S. & Chung, J.Y.(2001) , “ABSolute﹕An Intelligent Decision Making Framework for e-procurement”, The 3rd International Workshop on Advanced issues of E-Commerce and Web-Based Information Systems
Billington, C.(2002),“HP Cuts Risk with Portfolio Approach”, Purchasing Magazine Online
Botticelli, P., Collis, D. & Pisano, G.(1997),“Intel Corporation﹕1968-1997”, Harvard Business School Publishing, p1-1~1-15
Bourgeois, L.J. & Eisenhardt, Kathleen.M.(1988), ”Strategic decision process in high velocity environments﹕four cases in the microcomputer industry“, Management Science, Vol.34, No.7, p816-835
Brack, K(2000),“E-procurement﹕The Next Frontier”, Industrial Distribution, Vol.89, Iss.1, p65-67
Buffa, E.S.(1984), Meeting the Competitives Challenge, Homewood
Campell, D.W.(1975),““Degrees of Freedom” and the Case Study ”, Comparative Political Studies, Vol.8,p178-193
Davila, A., Gupta, M & Palmer, R.(2003),”Moving Procurement Systems to the Internet﹕The Adoption and Use of E-procurement technology Models“, European Management Journal , Vol.21, No.1,p11-23
Dickson G. W. (1966),“ An Analysis of Vendor Selection ﹕Systems and Decisions“, Journal of Purchasing, Vol. 1, No. 2, p5-17
Eisenhardt, Kathleen.M.(1989),“Building Theories from Case Study Research”, Academy of Management Review, Vol.14, No.4 , p532-550
Ellram, L.M.(1990),”The Supplier Selection Decision in Strategic Partnerships”, Journal of Purchasing and Materials Management, Fall, p8-14
Fine, C.H. & Whitney, D.E.(1996),“Is the Make-Buy decision Process a Core Competence?”, Working paper, Massachusetts institute of Technology
Ford, D., Cotton, B., Farmer, D., Gross, A., & Wilkinson, I.(1993),“Make-or-buy decisions and their implications”, Industrial Marketing Management, Vol.22, p21-213
Hitt, M.A., Ireland R.D. & Hoskisson, R.E.(2001), Strategic management﹕Competitiveness and Globalization 4e , South-Western College Publishing
Homes, E.(1981),“An Interaction Approach to Marketing and Purchasing Strategy”, Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Manchester, Institute of Science and Technology
Jick, T.D.(1979),“Mixing Qualitative and Quantiative Methods﹕Triangulation in Action”, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol.24, p602-611
Johnson, M.E. & Whang, S.J.(2002), “E-business and supply chain management﹕An overview and framework”, Production and Operations Management, Vol.11, No.4, p413-423
Johnson, M E. & Whang, S.J.(2002), “E-business and supply chain management﹕An overview and framework”, Production and Operations Management, Vol.11, No.4, p413-423
Kalakota, R. & Robinson, M.(1999), E-Business﹕Roadmap for Success, Addison-Wesley Longman
Kamath, R.R & Liker, J.K.(1994),”A Second Look at Japanese Product development”, Harvard Businesss Review, Vol72, No.6, p154-170.
Kapaln, S. & Sawhney, M.(2000),“E-hub﹕The new B2B marketplaces”, Harvard Business Review
Liao, S.H., Cheng, C.H., Liao, W.B.& Chen, I.L.(2003) , “A web-based architecture for implementing electronic procurement in military organizations ”, Technovation , Vol.23, Iss.6, p521-532
Mahadevan, B(2000),“Business models for Internet-based e-commerce﹕An anatomy”, California Management Review, Vol.42, Iss.4, p55-69
Momme, J.(2002),“Framework for outsourcing manufacturing:
strategic and operational implications“, Computers in Industry ,Vol.49 , p59-75
Moore, G..(2000),“Crossing the chasm in digital markets.”, Chasm Group LLC. http://www.netmarketmarkers.com (Last accessed July 4, 2000)
Mukhopadhyay, T., Kekre, S. & Kalathur, S.(1995),“Business value of information technology﹕A study of Electronic Data Interchage”, MIS Quarterly, Vol.19, Iss.2, p137-156
Narasimham, R.(1983),“An Analytical Approach to Supplier Selection”, Journal of Purchasing and Materials Management, Vol.19, p27-32
Neef , D(2001), e-Procurement﹕from Strategy to Implementation, Prentice Hall
Olsen, R.F. & Ellram, L.M.(1997),“A Portfolio Approach to Supplier Relationships”, Industrial Marketing Management, Vol.26, Iss.2, p101-113
Patton, M.Q.(1987), How to use qualitative methods in evaluation , Sage Publication Inc.
Phan, D.D.(2003),”E-business development for competitive advantages﹕a case study“, Information & management, Vol.40, p581-590
Plourde, P.(1999),“MRO Supply Chains”, MRO.com , Inc
Presutti Jr, W.D.(2003),“Supply management and e-procurement creating value added in the supply chain ”, Industrial Marketing Management, Vol.32, Iss.3, p219-226
Rajkumar,T.M.(2001),“E-procurement ﹕Business and technical issues”, Information Systems Management,Vol.18, Iss.4, p52-60
Ring, P. S. & Van de Ven, A. H.(1992).”Structuring Cooperative Relationships between organizations“, Strategic Management Journal, Vol.13, p483-489
Seidmann, A. & Sundararajan, A.(1997), “Building and sustaining interorganizational information sharing relationships: The competitive impact of interfacing supply chain operations with marketing strategy”, Proceedings of the eighteenth international conference on Information systems, p205-222
Shaw, M.J., Gardner, D.M..& Thomas, H.(1997), “Research opportunities in electronic commerce”, Decision Support Systems, Vol.21, p149–156
Simchi-Levi, D., Kaminsky, P. & Simchi-Levi, E.(2003), “Designing and Managing the Supply Chain﹕Concepts, Strategies & Case Studies” (2nd Edition), McGraw Hill-Irwin
Subramaniam, C.& Shaw, M.(2002),“A Study of Value and Impact of B2B E-Commerce﹕The Case of Web-Based Procurement”, International Journal of Electronic Commerce, Vol.6, No.4, p19-40
Virolainen, V.M.(1998),“A survey of procurement strategy development in industrial companies”, International Journal of Production Economics, Vol.56-57, p677-688
Walter, A., Muller, T.A., Helfer, G. & Ritter, T.(2003),“Functions of industrial supplier relationships and their impact on relationship quality”, Industrial Marketing Management, Vol.32, p159-169
Williamson ,O.E.(1996), The Mechanism of Governance, Oxford University Press
Wilson, E.J. & Vlosky, R.P.(1997),“Partnering Relationship Activities﹕Building Theory from Case Study Research”, Journal of Business Research, Vol.39, p59-70
Yin, R.K.(1994), Case Study Research ﹕Design and Methods , Sage Publication Inc.
Zhao, X., Xie.J & Leung.J(2002),“The impact of forecasting model selection on the value of information sharing in a supply chain”, European Journal of Operational Research , Vol.142, Iss.2, p321-344
Zwass, V.(1996),“Electronic Commerce﹕Structures and Issues ”, International Journal of Electronic Commerce, Fall, p3–23
電子全文 Fulltext
本電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的,進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定,切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送,以免觸法。
論文使用權限 Thesis access permission:校內校外均不公開 not available
開放時間 Available:
校內 Campus:永不公開 not available
校外 Off-campus:永不公開 not available

您的 IP(校外) 位址是 3.94.98.40
論文開放下載的時間是 校外不公開

Your IP address is 3.94.98.40
This thesis will be available to you on Indicate off-campus access is not available.

紙本論文 Printed copies
紙本論文的公開資訊在102學年度以後相對較為完整。如果需要查詢101學年度以前的紙本論文公開資訊,請聯繫圖資處紙本論文服務櫃台。如有不便之處敬請見諒。
開放時間 available 已公開 available

QR Code