本論文旨在研究導波在管路中檢測缺陷存在能力，以及導波在管路中遇缺陷產生波式轉換現象。工業界現行之管路非破壞檢測法，均為局部區域檢測，若要檢測工廠內全區域之管路，將會耗費龐大的金錢、時間與人力，一般工業無法達到此目標。而導波具有快速傳導與可長距離傳遞不易衰減之特性，於單點入射管路進行檢測時，能在一段有效距離檢測範圍內，檢測出管路缺陷。因此，本論文以導波為研究大範圍管路檢測技術的目標，以彌補現行檢測法僅能作局部檢測所不足之處。
在本論文中，首先使用實驗室儀器設備，於檢測缺陷靈敏度實驗中，在3 Toneburst Cycles，400、500與600 kHz三種頻率設定下，分別以L（0,1）與L（0,2）模態入射於試件管，經計算缺陷回波訊號之群波速度，驗證缺陷回波的模態為L（0,1）、L（0,2）與F（1,2）模態，這些模態即是由波式轉換現象所產生。由實驗結果顯示，在相同缺陷長度或缺陷深度下，缺陷深度愈深或缺陷長度愈長者，其檢測缺陷靈敏度愈高，並且隨著缺陷佔管線截面積百分比增加，檢測缺陷靈敏度也隨之增高。在二維傅立葉快速轉換法實驗中，分別以5與10 Toneburst Cycles，400、500與600 kHz頻率，L（0,1）與L（0,2）模態入射設定下。利用等間隔距離0.5 cm，量測40個位置點之回波訊號，經二維傅立葉快速轉換法將時間域上群波速度相近，但無法分離的回波訊號，於三維立體圖上分離出個別模態之存在。由實驗結果結果可知，使用二維傅立葉快速轉換法的確能分離出L（0,1）、L（0,2）與F（1,2）三個回波模態存在。
本論文最後，使用長距離導波檢測儀器，在3 Toneburst Cycles，90 kHz，T（0,1）模態入射的設定下，進行檢測缺陷靈敏度與二維傅立葉快速轉換法實驗。由檢測缺陷靈敏度實驗結果顯示，與使用實驗室儀器設備進行實驗所得結果相似，證明使用導波技術檢測管路中缺陷存在的優越能力。而在缺陷模態判定上，不論是以計算缺陷回波之群波速度，或是以二維傅立葉快速轉換法驗證缺陷回波模態，由實驗結果顯示，僅有T（0,1）、F（1,2）群波速度相同之模態存在，顯示此套檢測儀器在檢測上，已利用探頭排列組合，以相位干涉之增益或抑制，選用或接收特定導波模態進行管路檢測。

This thesis is study about the capability of guided waves in the inspection of cracks in pipelines, and studying about the guided waves of mode conversion phenomenon caused by cracks. The generally used inspection methods in industry are all localized area inspection. It will cost expensively and spend lots of human resource and time consuming, if we want to inspect the whole area in pipelines in factory. Thus, guided waves are used to improve these shortcomings of traditional inspection methods. Guided Waves can propagate fast and long range along the pipelines without decay. With the ability that guided waves can incident at a single location then inspect the whole region of pipelines under efficiently propagating distance.
In this thesis, with using laboratory equipment, 3 Toneburst Cycles, 400、500、600 kHz, and L(0,1)、L(0,2) incident mode set up for crack detective sensitivity experiment. By calculating the group velocity of the signals of crack, it is known that there are three separated modes L(0,1)、L(0,2) and F(1,2) from reflected waves by cracks. These modes are exactly mode converted by cracks. The results show that in the same crack circumferential length or crack depth, the longer length or the deeper depth cause the higher reflection coefficient. It means they are more sensitive on the inspection of cracks. Also the reflection coefficient increases with the raising cross section area loss of cracks. In two dimensional fast Fourier transform experiment (2-D FFT), with 3 Toneburst Cycles, 400、500、600 kHz, L(0,1)、L(0,2) incident mode, and 0.5 cm interval set up to gather 40-point signals for proceeding the experiment. It can separate signals with different group velocity which are mixing together in time domain. From results, there are three different modes L(0,1)、L(0,2) and F(1,2) mode separated at three-dimensional picture.
Finally, using the guided waves inspection system with 3 toneburst, 90 kHz and T(0,1) incident mode set up to proceed the experiment as before. In inspecting crack sensitive experiment, the use of this system has the similar result with the use of laboratory equipment. It proves that the excellent capability of guided waves in inspection of cracks in pipelines. While in mode identification, this system can identify there is only T(0,1) and F(1,2) mode with the same group velocity exist. Then the same result is verified by 2-D FFT experiment. It shows that this system generate or receive the specific mode in detection cracks by phase construction or phase destruction of phase interference.

目錄 ……………………………………………………………………i
表目錄 …………………………………………………………………iv
圖目錄 …………………………………………………………………iv
中文摘要 ……………………………………………………………xxii
英文摘要 ……………………………………………………………xxiv
第一章 緒論 …………………………………………………………1
1.1前言 …………………………………………………………1
1.2文獻回顧 ……………………………………………………4
1.3 研究方法 ……………………………………………………7
第二章 理論分析 ……………………………………………………10
2.1圓管中的導波波傳 …………………………………………10
2.1.1圓管中的導波解 ………………………………………10
2.1.2圓管中的導波模態 ……………………………………20
2.1.2.1縱向模態 ………………………………………20
2.1.2.2扭矩模態 ………………………………………26
2.1.2.3撓曲模態 ………………………………………30
2.1.3頻散曲線 ………………………………………………33
2.1.4波形結構 ………………………………………………35
2.2波式轉換 ……………………………………………………37
2.3二維傅立葉轉換 ……………………………………………39
2.4洩漏波 ………………………………………………………40
第三章 實驗架構與量測 ……………………………………………47
3.1實驗儀器設備 ………………………………………………47
3.1.1實驗室儀器設備…………………………………………47
3.1.2 Teletest長距離導波檢測儀器 …………………………49
3.2實驗管件規格 ………………………………………………51
3.3實驗設定 ……………………………………………………52
3.3.1實驗室儀器設備 ………………………………………52
3.3.2 Teletest長距離導波檢測儀器 …………………………55
3.4實驗步驟 ……………………………………………………56
3.4.1檢測缺陷靈敏度實驗 …………………………………56
3.4.1.1 實驗室儀器設備 ………………………………56
3.4.1.2 Teletest長距離導波檢測儀器 ………………58
3.4.2二維傅立葉快速轉換法 ……………………………60
3.4.2.1 實驗室儀器設備 ………………………………60
3.4.2.2 Teletest長距離導波檢測儀器 ………………61
第四章 實驗結果與討論 ……………………………………………82
4.1檢測缺陷靈敏度實驗結果 ……………………………………82
4.1.1實驗室儀器設備 ………………………………………82
4.1.2 Teletest長距離導波檢測儀器 …………………………86
4.2二維傅立葉快速轉換法 ……………………………………88
4.1.1實驗室儀器設備 ………………………………………88
4.1.2 Teletest長距離導波檢測儀器 …………………………90
第五章 結論與建議 …………………………………………………126
5.1結論 …………………………………………………………126
5.2建議 …………………………………………………………129
參考文獻 ……………………………………………………………130
附錄A ………………………………………………………………137
附錄B ………………………………………………………………160
附錄C ………………………………………………………………163

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