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博碩士論文 etd-0214108-133933 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0214108-133933
論文名稱
Title
次生天然林與柳杉人工林鳥類群聚的比較
Comparison of Bird Communities between Secondary Natural Forests and Cryptomeria (Cryptomeria japonica) Plantations
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
50
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2008-01-28
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2008-02-14
關鍵字
Keywords
次生林、鳥類群聚、定點計數法、柳杉林
Cryptomeria plantation, Point count, Bird communities, Secondary forest
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5697 次,被下載 1284
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5697 times, has been downloaded 1284 times.
中文摘要
2007年3月到11月,在高雄縣藤枝森林遊樂區進行鳥類群聚研究,目的在比較成熟的次生天然林以及柳杉人造林鳥類群聚的差異。為了比較兩林相的鳥類群聚,計算出各林相的鳥類歧異度、均勻度、豐度等指標,並且進一步將鳥種依食性分為10個同功群,使用變動半徑樣點法估算鳥類密度。各項數據並再分為繁殖季、非繁殖季兩組,使用ANOVA以檢測林相、繁殖季、以及月份間差異是否影響鳥類群聚。結果顯示研究期間共紀錄19科36種鳥種,而柳杉林僅紀錄27種;所有在柳杉林有觀測紀錄的鳥種皆在次生林觀測到。次生林不論在繁殖季或非繁殖季,鳥類的歧異度、豐度、總密度都比柳杉林高。將鳥類密度照同功群分組比較可發現,次生林的枝葉層雜食者、啄木鳥顯著多於柳杉林,而灌木層雜食者則以柳杉林較多。藪鳥是柳杉林唯一數量比次生林多的鳥種。推測次生林因林冠層優勢物種為樟科、殼斗科,可提供較多食物給昆蟲及鳥類,故枝葉層取食者及啄木鳥皆較多,但因底層植物較為鬱閉,故灌木層雜食者比柳杉林略少。
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to compare the bird communities between mature secondary forests and Cryptomeria (Cryptomeria japonica) plantations. Bird census was carried out in Teng-jhih National Forest Recreation Area, Kaohsiung county, Taiwan during both breeding season and non-breeding season from March to November in 2007. To compare bird communities between two types of forests, diversity index, evenness index, species richness and densities of bird were calculated. Densities of birds were estimated by variable circular-plot point count method. All birds were classified into 10 assemblage guilds. ANOVA was used to examine whether forest types, breeding season and monthly changes will effect the composition of bird communities. A total of 36 bird species of 19 families were recorded during the study period. All of these species were found in secondary forests, and only 27 of them were observed in Cryptomeria plantations. The results showed that bird diversity, abundance and total densities were higher in secondary forests than those in Cryptomeria plantations, either during breeding season or non-breeding season. Canopy tree species of families, Lauraceae and Fagaceae of the secondary forests which can provide more foods than Cryptomeria, canopy foliage omnivores and woodpeckers were more in secondary forests than in Cryptomeria plantations. On the other hand, the openess of shrubs and understory vegetation in the Cryptomeria plantations, shrub foliage omnivores were more in Cryptomeria plantations than in secondary forests.
目次 Table of Contents
摘要........................................................................................................... I
Abstract......................................................................................................II
Introduction..............................................................................................1
Materials and Methods..............................................................................4
Study area.........................................................................................................4
Sampling site selection.....................................................................................4
Bird census.........................................................................................................5
Assemblage guilds.............................................................................................6
Vegetation characteristics..................................................................................6
Data analysis......................................................................................................7
Results.......................................................................................................9
Habitat factors....................................................................................................9
Composition of bird communities....................................................................10
Diversity indices of bird communities..............................................................11
Assemblage guilds............................................................................................12
Discussion................................................................................................14
Census error.....................................................................................................14
Bird species......................................................................................................14
Assemblage guilds............................................................................................15
Variation between breeding season and non-breeding season.........................17
Conclusion........................................................................................................17
Literature cited.......................................................................................19
Tables.......................................................................................................24
Figures.....................................................................................................34
Appendices..............................................................................................38
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