黑潮是西北太平洋最重要的西邊界流，具有高溫高鹽等特徵，控制著其流經區域的溫度、鹽度和上部海水結構的變化。過去前人研究認為在最近一次冰河鼎盛期時黑潮可能受東亞季風、赤道地區的氣候改變及海平面變化等，使得其流徑與強度產生改變。本研究分析位於琉球島弧東側的岩心GH08-2004內浮游有孔蟲種屬Globigerinoides ruber及Neogloboquadrina dutertrei化石殼體中的穩定同位素與鎂鈣比值，配合浮游有孔蟲的化石鑑種結果，以重建過去兩萬六千年來的水文紀錄，並與位於島弧西側的岩心MD012404紀錄作比較，討論自最近一次冰河鼎盛期以來黑潮流徑與強度在琉球島弧周圍產生何種變化。
研究結果顯示，由表水種屬G. ruber的鎂鈣比值重建之古溫度及氧同位素值在最近一次冰河鼎盛期時與岩心MD012404紀錄並無太大差異，同時黑潮指標種Pulleniatina obliquiloculata的豐度在岩心GH08-2004也沒有明顯提昇，暗示黑潮在此時並無明顯偏移。同時本岩心分析表層海水種屬G. ruber殼體之溫度與氧同位素，配合浮游有孔蟲群集資料後發現黑潮影響力自19 ka開始增強，並在約16~17 ka後明顯增加，與前人研究結果一致。另外，本研究利用兩種屬G. ruber、N. dutertrei之氧同位素值差值、鎂鈣溫度值差值及碳同位素值，發現冬季季風在最近一次冰河鼎盛期時最強，並自此開始逐漸減弱。而在早-中全新世時期冬夏兩季季風趨勢並不相同，暗示當時有冬季季風與夏季季風同時增強的可能。而次表層種屬N. dutertrei的鎂鈣資料顯示在最近一次冰河鼎盛期時有快速降溫的趨勢，推測與赤道地區出現似聖嬰現象有關，其週期與赤道地區太陽輻射量趨勢變化相近，推測與地軸進動和傾角的改變有關。

The Kuroshio, one of the most important western boundary currents of world, controls modern hydrology conditions of the East China Sea (ECS) and carries warm and saline water to high latitudes. Previous researches mentioned that the Kuroshio might change its flow path and volume in the ECS by East Asia monsoon (EAM), Equatorial climate conditions, or global sea level change during glacials. However, shifting or not of the Kuroshio out of the Okinawa Trough during Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) is still in debate. In this study, records derived from multi-proxies, include of Mg/Ca-based paleotemperatures and stable isotopes and foraminiferal census data, of core GH08-2004 was conducted for comparing with records derived from core MD012404 to understand the possible changes of the Kuroshio in the ESC since 26 ka. Our comparing results reveal that the surface hydrological environments have no obvious difference between eastern and western sides of the Ryukyu Arc and imply that the Kuroshio might not shifted outside of the OT during LGM. Otherwise, our reconstructed temperatures, oxygen isotopes and foraminiferal assemblages infer that the flowing volume of the Kuroshio was gradually increased since 19 ka associated with rising sea level. Thus we believe that emerged terrain caused by shallow sea level may be an important factor controlling the flowing path of the Kuroshio. In this study, differences of paleotemperatures and oxygen isotopes between G. ruber and N. dutertrei, surface and subsurface dweller, were decreased at the Holocene, whereas the delta values of carbon isotopes were larger meanwhile. This descrapncy implies that the East Asian winter and summer monsoons were enhanced synchronously.

致謝 i
中文摘要 ii
英文摘要 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii

第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究區域水文環境 1
1.2 文獻回顧 3
1.3 研究原理 5
1.3.1有孔蟲殼體的碳氧同位素與影響因子 5
1.3.1.1氧同位素 5
1.3.1.2碳同位素 7
1.3.2鎂鈣元素比值古溫度計 8
1.4 研究目的 9
第二章 研究材料與分析方法 11
2.1 研究材料 11
2.2 年代模式的建立 11
2.3 分析方法 12
2.3.1 浮游有孔蟲特性 12
2.3.2 沉積物前處理 12
2.3.3 穩定同位素分析 13
2.3.4 鎂鈣比分析 14
2.3.5 浮游有孔蟲化石群集鑑定 15
第三章 研究結果 16
3.1 年代模式與沉積速率 16
3.2 岩心GH08-2004之浮游有孔蟲碳氧同位素的分析結果 16
3.3 岩心GH08-2004之浮游有孔蟲鎂鈣元素比分析 17
3.4古海水溫度與古海水氧同位素值 18
3.5 浮游有孔蟲群集分析結果 20
第四章 討論 22
4.1末次冰盛期以來古黑潮的流徑與強度變化 22
4.2表層垂直水體結構的重建 26
4-3似聖嬰現象與東亞季風強度變化之控制機制 28
第五章 結論 31
參考文獻 32
附錄 65

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