摘要

本研究於2001年6月起至2002年5月，於高雄縣扇平地區針對華南鼬鼠進行腸道蠕蟲及壁蝨之流行病學研究。於腸道蠕蟲方面，共發現9種腸道蠕蟲，包含7種線蟲、1種吸蟲及1種鉤頭蟲。Filaroides sp. 感染陽性率(94.4%)、Ancylostoma sp. (77.4%)、 Uncinaria sp. (35.5%)、 Trichuris sp. 1 (35.5%)、 Trichuris sp. 2 (19.3%)、Capillaria sp. (6.5%)、Physaloptera sp. (3.2%)、Platynosomum sp. (74.1%)及Macracanthorhynchus sp. (10%)。在本研究中發現腸道吸蟲Platynosomum sp.之感染強度於不同季節間具有顯著的差異，於秋季及冬季其感染強度高於春季。在壁蝨方向，共發現兩屬兩種之壁蝨，包含卵形硬蜱(Ixodes ovatus)(陽性率55.56%)及血蜱屬壁蝨(Haemaphysalis sp.)。卵形硬蜱感染之陽性率及感染強度於不同季節中都具有顯著的差異。於秋、冬兩季之陽性率及感染強度高於夏季。在本研究中寄生蟲感染出現季節變化之原因，於吸蟲方面推測為不同季節間之食性變化所造成，而在壁蝨方面則為宿主族群變化，即宿主之可利用性所致。

ABSTRACT

The epidemiological study of intestinal helminths and ticks of Siberian weasel (Mustela sibirica) was conducted from June 2001 to May 2002 in Shan-Ping, southern Taiwan. Nine helminths were found, including seven nematodes, Filaroides sp. (prevalence 94.4%), Ancylostoma sp. (77.4%), Uncinaria sp. (35.5%), Trichuris sp. 1 (35.5%), Trichuris sp. 2 (19.3%), Capillaria sp. (6.5%) and Physaloptera sp. (3.2%); one trematode, Platynosomum sp. (74.1%) and one acanthocephalans, Macracanthorhynchus sp. (10%). There was a significant seasonal difference of intensity of the Platynosomum sp. Two species of ticks were observed, Ixodes ovatus (prevalence 55.56%) and Haemaphysalis sp. Seasonal differences were significant in the prevalence and intensity of the Ixodes ovatus infection. The intensities of ticks and helminths in different sampling area were similar. The diet composition was possibly the factor affecting the seasonal change of intensity of the Platynosomum sp. and host availability affecting the seasonal change of ticks, Ixodes ovatus.

CONTENTS

誌謝……………………………………………………………i
摘要……………………………………………………………ii
ABSTRACT………………………………………………………iii

INTRODUCTION..………………………………………………1
MATERIALS AND METHODS..………………………………...9
Study area……………………………………………………9
Animal capture………………………………………………10
Helminth egg counts…………………………………….…12
Flotation concentration of eggs……………………….12
Observation on ticks.……………………..…………….13
Data analysis……………………………………………...14
RESULTS…………………………………..………………….15
Animal capture………………………………………………15
Helminth species detected……..…….…………………16
Ticks collection….……………………………………….21
Seasonal distribution of ticks..………………………22
Spatial distribution of ticks………………………...23
DISCUSSION..…………………………………………………25
Spatial distribution of major helminths…………….25
Seasonal distribution of major helminths……………27
Other helminths in the present study…………………28
Spatial distribution of ticks………………………….29
Seasonal distribution of ticks…………………………32
LITERATURE CITED...……………………………………….36
TABLES AND FIGURES…………………………………………44
APPENDIX………………………………………………………73

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