本研究主要為探討2005年1月至2006年10月期間於台灣南部海域管水母種類組成和豐度之時空分布及其與水文因子之相關性。浮游動物樣品是使用ORI網（Ocean Research Institute net；網口直徑1.6m、網目大小330μm）在台灣南部海域9個測站進行採集200公尺到表層垂直拖網採樣，八個季節共採得72個浮游動物樣品，鑑定出7科20屬58種，平均豐度為182.2 ± 38.3 ind./100m3。前6個主要優勢種為扭歪爪室水母（Chelophyes contorta）、巴斯水母（Bassia bassensis）、小擬多面水母（Abylopsis eschscholtzi）、方擬多面水母（Abylopsis tetragona）、爪室水母（Chelophyes appendiculata）與尖角水母（Eudoxoides mitra），合佔管水母總量的70.5%。整體來說，各季優勢種種類組成大致類似，僅相對豐度排名更些微變化。 研究調查期間，台灣南部海域的豐度、種類數和種歧異度均以夏季最高，冬季最低；測站間則無顯著差異。本海域優勢種管水母世代百分比大多呈現更性世代多於無性世代的趨勢。由複迴歸分析結果顯示，管水母之總豐度與表層海水溫度及浮游動物豐度呈現顯著正相關性（p<0.01）；但不同優勢種之豐度和表層海水溫度和鹽度分別呈現不同的相關性，前六優勢種管水母與海水鹽度均無顯著相關性，而僅扭歪爪室水母（Chelophyes contorta）和爪室水母（Chelophyes appendiulata）與溫度呈顯著正相關。管水母之總豐度及前六優勢種管水母都與浮游動物豐度呈顯著正相關，由此可推論，食物來源多寡可能是決定南部海域管水母豐度分布模式的一個重要因素。本研究海域的管水母種類多屬於大洋廣布類群，且與南海海域管水母種類相當類似。

This study aims to investigate temporal and spatial distribution in species compo-sition and abundance of siphonophore in relation to hydrographic variables in the wa-ters off southern Taiwan from January 2005 to October 2006. Zooplankton samples were taken from 200 m to the surface at nine sampling stations with Ocean Research Institute plankton net (1.6 m in opening diameter , 330 μm in mesh size). In total, 72 zooplankton samples were collected and 58 species of siphonophores belonging to 7 families and 20 genera were found, with the mean abundance of 182.2 ± 38.3 ind./100m3. The six most dominant species were Chelophyes contorta, Bassia bassen-sis, Abylopsis eschscholtzi, A. tetragona, C. appendiculata and Eudoxoides mitra. Together they accounted for over 70.5 % of the total abundance of siphonophore. The species composition of dominant siphonophores were similar among seasons but their abundance were ranked different. The abundance, species number, and species diver-sity of siphonophores were higher in summer than in winter, but showed no signifi-cant difference among stations. Most species of siphonophores were dominated by sexual generation in the study area. The abundance of siphonophores showed signifi-cant positive correlation with temperature. Different predominant siphonophore spe-cies showed different correlationships with hydrographical factors. Only C. contorta and C. appendiulata were positively correlated with temperature, none of the other siphonophores species was significantly correlated with salinity. The abundance of siphonophore in general and most dominant species were positively correlated to zooplankton abundance, suggesting that food sources might be a key factor affecting the distribution patterns of siphonophore assemblages in the study area. Furthermore, the siphonophores found in this study mostly belong to the widespread oceanic spe-cies, and the composition of dominant species were similar to previous studies in the South China Sea.

目 錄 論文審定書…………………………………………………………………………… i
誌謝………………………………………………………………………………...… ii
中文摘要………………………………………………………….…………………. iii
英文摘要………………………………………..………………………………….... iv
目錄………………………………………..……………………………………...…. vi
表目錄………………………………………..…………………………………..….viii
圖目錄………………………………………..……………………………………… ix
附錄目錄………………………………………..………………………………...…. xi
壹、前言………………………………………..………………………………...…... 1
1-1 管水母的分類及型態…………………………………………………...…. 1
1-2 管水母類的生態地位、分布及其重要性…………………………………. 2
1-3 台灣附近海域管水母之研究情形……………………………………...…. 6
1-4 本研究區域之環境介紹……………………………………………...……. 6
貳、材料與方法.……………………………………………..………………………11
2-1 採樣時間、地點及方法………………..……..…….…………………..... 11
2-2 樣品之保存、鑑種及豐度計數………..……..…………………………... 11
2-3 水文資料之收集………..……..……………………………………..….... 12
2-4 資料處理與分析………..……..……………………………………..….... 13
參、結果………………………………………..………………………………...…. 15
3-1 水文環境……………...……………………………….……………..…… 15
3-2 管水母種類組成及總豐度、種類數及種歧異度的季節變化………….. 19
3-3 管水母優勢種豐度之時空分布………………………………………….. 21
3-4 管水母之群聚分析……………………………………………………….. 29
3-5 管水母豐度與環境因子之相關性……………………………………….. 30
肆、討論…………………………………………………………………….............. 31
4-1 水文環境因子之探討…………………………………………………….. 31
4-2 管水母種類組成及豐度之時空分布…………………………………….. 34
4-3 地理分布………………………………………………………………….. 42
伍、結論…………………………………………………………………………...... 47
陸、參考文獻……………………………………………………….………………. 48

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