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博碩士論文 etd-0223114-165418 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0223114-165418
論文名稱
Title
以模擬之不同雜訊與頻譜線寬來評估氨基酸氫質子磁振頻譜之量化分析
Evaluation of quantitative proton MRS analysis of amino acids by simulation of different levels of noise and spectral linewidth
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
70
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2014-02-26
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2014-03-23
關鍵字
Keywords
磁振頻譜、腦膿瘍、氨基酸、半高全寬、訊雜比
Amino acids, Full width at half maximum(FWHM), Signal to noise ratio(SNR), Abscesses, Magnetic resonance spectroscopy
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5648 次,被下載 196
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5648 times, has been downloaded 196 times.
中文摘要
磁振造影(Magnetic resonance imaging, MRI)是具有非侵入性優點的一種造影技術,目前已廣泛地應用在臨床分析上,而磁振頻譜(Magnetic resonance spectroscopy, MRS)則是透過MRI所延伸出的另一種技術,此技術可以更明確的顯示病灶特徵,因此可用來協助不同的內部疾病診斷,特別是在腦部腫瘤以及腦膿瘍病症上的應用。另外本論文會使用LCModel(Linear combination of model)來分析磁振頻譜,LCModel是方便使用且可靠的後處理工具,可以提供較客觀的絕對濃度定量分析。我們的目的是希望能評估LCModel在分析氨基酸代謝物頻譜其準確性,透過分別變動不同頻譜線寬並搭配不同程度的雜訊來檢測。


目前乳酸鹽(Lactate)、氨基酸(Amino acids)、醋酸鹽(Acetate)和丙氨酸(Alanine)是被認為腦膿瘍患者腦中的指標性代謝物,尤其是氨基酸。本實驗透過GAVA的模擬來產生頻譜訊號,再針對氨基酸的磁振頻譜做進一步濃度上的分析。


在活體磁振頻譜上有許多的因素會造成分析上的困難,因此這篇論文想探討LCModel在分析氨基酸代謝物頻譜時,在變動不同半高全寬(Full width at half maximum, FWHM)的情況下,再進一步對頻譜加入不同程度的雜訊,觀察其半高全寬與雜訊對定量分析以及偵測結果的影響。在結果顯示我們可以透過模擬取得訊雜比的參考值,來確認LCModel的分析是否準確,也得知在這些腦膿瘍標記物中,乳酸鹽受到實驗變因的影響最大,而氨基酸則最小。本實驗希望能透過LCModel偵測乳酸鹽、氨基酸、醋酸鹽和丙氨酸等代謝物,並取得準確的分析方法,進而輔助臨床腦膿瘍病患的診斷。
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a noninvasive technique, is broadly applied on clinical diagnosis now. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), a method derived from MRI, can provide precise information for investigating metabolites in vivo for human beings, especially the clinical applications on brain tumors and pyogenic abscesses. In this study, we used LCModel to analyze in vivo proton MR spectra. It is a simple and reliable post-processing tool, which can provide objective quantitative analysis of metabolite concentration. Our purpose is evaluating accuracy of LCModel, while it analyzes amino acids spectrum by changing different linewidth of spectra and different level of noises.



Lactate, cytosolic amino acids, alanine and acetate have been recognized as potential abscess markers, especially amino acids. In this thesis, we obtained the magnetic resonance spectra by GAVA simulation and then processed the concentration analysis on amino acids.



However, some factors would disturb the analysis of in vivo proton MRS. In this study, we investigated the accuracy using LCModel to analyze amino acids spectrum. Firstly, we changed spectral linewidth by full width at half maximum (FWHM). Secondly, different levels of noises were added into those simulated spectra. Finally, we investigated how the FWHM spectral linewidth and signal noise affected the result of quantitative analysis and metabolite detection. The results shows that we are able to evaluate whether the analyzed-results is reliable or not, by finding the lower bound of signal to noise ratio in simulation. It also indicates that Lactate affected by the control variables the most, while amino acids affected the less. In this experiment, our goal is to find the criteria of reliable quantification with LCModel on detecting lactate, cytosolic amino acids, alanine and acetate, in order to contribute in clinical applications on abscesses patients.
目次 Table of Contents
致謝.............................................................................................................................................................................I

摘要........................................................................................................................................................................... II

Abstract...................................................................................................................................................................III

目錄.......................................................................................................................................................................... IV

圖目錄..................................................................................................................................................................... VI

表目錄....................................................................................................................................................................VII

第一章 簡介.................................................................................................................................................1

1.1 前言............................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 文獻回顧......................................................................................................................................1
1.3 動機與目的.................................................................................................................................3
1.4 論文架構.......................................................................................................................................4

第二章 原理..................................................................................................................................................5

2.1 活體氫質子磁振頻譜............................................................................................................5
2.2 人體大腦的代謝物..................................................................................................................6

第三章 實驗分析與方法.....................................................................................................................15

3.1 LCModel.......................................................................................................................................15
3.2 GAMMA 和 GAVA.......................................................................................................................16
3.3 實驗設計....................................................................................................................................16
3.3.1 模擬磁振頻譜訊號....................................................................................................17
3.3.2 變動半高全寬................................................................................................................17
3.3.3 加入不同程度的雜訊................................................................................................18
3.3.4 LCModel的參數............................................................................................................18
3.3.5 計算半高全寬、差值、誤差值..............................................................................19
3.3.5.1 計算半高全寬................................................................................................... 19
3.3.5.2 計算差值...............................................................................................................20
3.3.5.3 計算誤差值..........................................................................................................21

第四章 實驗結果................................................................................................................................... 30

4.1 FWHM之比較..............................................................................................................................30
4.2 加入雜訊後的結果.............................................................................................................. 32
4.2.1 SNR和Noise關係.......................................................................................................32
4.2.2 SNR和FWHM關係..........................................................................................................33
4.2.3 SNR和差值關係............................................................................................................34
4.2.4 SNR參考值..................................................................................................................... 36

第五章 討論與結論...............................................................................................................................52

5.1 討論.............................................................................................................................................. 52
5.1.1 SNR和差值關係...........................................................................................................52
5.1.2 SNR參考值......................................................................................................................53
5.2 結論...............................................................................................................................................55

參考文獻................................................................................................................................................................ 59
參考文獻 References
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