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博碩士論文 etd-0225119-162238 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0225119-162238
論文名稱
Title
應用於太陽能發電系統之擾動觀察法的改善方法
An Improved Version of the Perturb and Observe Algorithm for Photovoltaic Power Generation System
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
151
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2019-02-22
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2019-03-25
關鍵字
Keywords
擾動觀察法、最大功率點、最大功率點追蹤、太陽能光電、穩態、遮陰效應
Photovoltaic, Maximum Power Point Tracking, Perturb and Observe, Partial Shading Conditions, Steady State, Maximum Power Point
統計
Statistics
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中文摘要
此論文改良了應用於太陽能光電(PV)的擾動觀察法(P&O)以及最大功率點追蹤
(MPPT)方法,並且稱之為改良後的擾動觀察法(IP&O)及最大功率點追蹤。這個新的
演算法在 MATLABSIMULINK 環境下建立模型模擬. 改良後的擾動觀察法與原本的
方法在不同的氣候下去模擬比較,其結果驗證了改良後的方法在追蹤遮陰效應、穩
態、或劇烈的天氣變化下的最大功率點時,都能有更好的效率以及結果.
改良的擾動觀察法最主要的目的是要減少原本方法所造成的三種明顯的缺陷,
這些缺點包括在穩定狀態下最大功率點的震盪現象;因為天氣劇烈變化,或著是在
遮陰效應下擾動觀察法無法準確的觀察到最大功率點,使得工作點偏移最大功率點。
改良後的擾動觀察法藉由融合了兩種其他的演算法來解決這樣的問題 : 最佳化的爬山
演算法(Hill Climbing)以及搜尋演算法.
關鍵詞 : 太陽能光電,最大功率點追蹤,最大功率點,擾動觀察法, 遮陰效
應,穩態.
Abstract
In this work, an improved version of the standard P&O MPPT algorithm for PV
application with the name of IP&O MPPT algorithm is introduced, proposed and
implemented. The new IP&O MPPT algorithm is modeled and then simulated using
MATLAB/SIMULINK. The IP&O simulation results are compared with the simulation
results of the standard P&O algorithm in different weather condition scenarios. The results
prove that the IP&O algorithm to be more efficient, more effective and have a better
performance in tracking the MPP during steady state conditions (STC), partial shading
conditions (PSC) and sudden change in weather conditions.
The IP&O algorithm’s primary goal is to reduce the standard P&O three critical
drawbacks losses effects. These drawbacks include the oscillation around the MPP that
occurs in case of STC, the deviation of the operating point away from the MPP in case of
rapid change in weather conditions and the P&O algorithm inability to track the MPP in case
of PSC. The IP&O algorithm meets its mentioned goals by combining two algorithms that
include: the optimized hill-climbing MPPT method (dP-P&O) and the checking algorithm.
Keywords: Photovoltaic, Maximum Power Point Tracking, Maximum Power Point,
Perturb and Observe, Partial Shading Conditions, Steady State Conditions.
目次 Table of Contents
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................... iv
摘要 .................................................................................................................................... v
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................... vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................................. vii
TABLE OF FIGURES ................................................................................................... xi
TABLE OF TABLES ................................................................................................. xvii
ABBREVIATIONS ....................................................................................................... xix
SYMBOLS ........................................................................................................................ xx
INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1
1.1 BACKGROUND AND MOTIVES ......................................................................... 1
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT ..................................................................................... 5
1.3 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE ........................................................... 6
1.4 THESIS STRUCTURE ........................................................................................... 8
LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................. 9
2.1 PHOTOVOLTAIC FUNDAMENTALS ................................................................ 9
2.1.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 9
2.1.2 Electrical Model of a Solar Cell ........................................................................ 11
2.1.3 The output Characteristics of the Solar Cell ..................................................... 14
2.1.4 Temperature and Irradiance Effects .................................................................. 17
2.2 DC-DC POWER CONVERTERS ........................................................................ 19
2.2.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 19
2.2.2 The DC-DC Boot Converter ............................................................................. 22
2.3 REVIEW OF THE COMMONLY USED MPPT ALGORITHMS .................. 24
2.3.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 24
2.3.2 Short-Circuit Current (SCC) MPPT Algorithm ................................................ 25
2.3.3 Open-Circuit Voltage (OCV) MPPT Algorithm ............................................... 26
2.3.4 The Perturb and Observe (P&O) MPPT Algorithm .......................................... 28
2.3.5 Incremental Conductance (IncCond) MPPT algorithm .................................... 39
2.3.6 Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) MPPT algorithm................................................... 40
2.3.7 Artificial Neural Network (ANN) MPPT algorithm ......................................... 42
THE PROPOSED AND MODIFIED VERSION OF THE STANDARD P&O
ALGORITHM ................................................................................................................. 44
3.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 44
3.2 THE OPTIMIZED HILL CLIMBING MPPT ALGORITHM ........................ 46
3.3 THE CHECKING ALGORITHM ....................................................................... 50
SIMULATION RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ........................................................... 55
4.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 55
4.2 THE SINGLE PV CELL SIMULATION RESULTS ........................................ 56
4.2.1 The Influence of some critical factors on the PV Cell Performance ................. 57
4.3 THE PV SYSTEM SIMULATION RESULTS ................................................... 72
4.3.1 Standard Test Condition Scenario ..................................................................... 73
4.3.2 Rapid Change in Radiation ............................................................................... 75
4.3.3 Rapid Change in Temperature........................................................................... 77
4.3.4 Partial Shading Condition ................................................................................. 79
4.3.5 Coupling the PV System Directly to the Load .................................................. 82
4.4 THE BOOST CONVERTER DESIGN AND SIMULATION RESULTS ....... 84
4.4.1 Design of the Boost Converter .......................................................................... 84
4.4.2 Coupling the Boost Converter between the PV System and the Load .............. 93
4.5 THE CONVENTIONAL P&O MPPT SIMULATION RESULTS .................. 95
4.5.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 95
4.5.2 Standard Test Condition .................................................................................... 96
4.5.3 Rapid Change in Radiation ............................................................................... 97
4.5.4 Rapid Change in Temperature........................................................................... 99
4.5.5 Partial Shading Conditions .............................................................................. 101
4.6 THE PROPOSED IP&O MPPT SIMULATION RESULTS .......................... 103
4.6.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 103
4.6.2 Standard Test Condition .................................................................................. 104
4.6.3 Rapid Change in Radiation ............................................................................. 105
4.6.4 Rapid Change in Temperature......................................................................... 107
4.6.5 Partial Shading Condition ............................................................................... 109
4.7 A COMPARISON BETWEEN IP&O AND P&O SIMULATION RESULTS111
4.7.1 Standard Test Condition .................................................................................. 111
4.7.2 Rapid Change in Radiation ............................................................................. 113
4.7.3 Rapid Change in Temperature......................................................................... 114
4.7.4 Partial Shading Condition ............................................................................... 115
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION .............................................................................. 118
5.1 CONCLUSION .................................................................................................... 118
5.2 SUMMARY .......................................................................................................... 118
5.3 FUTURE WORK SUGGESTION ..................................................................... 119
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................. 120
APPENDIX .................................................................................................................... 128
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