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論文名稱 Title |
應用於太陽能發電系統之擾動觀察法的改善方法 An Improved Version of the Perturb and Observe Algorithm for Photovoltaic Power Generation System |
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系所名稱 Department |
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畢業學年期 Year, semester |
語文別 Language |
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學位類別 Degree |
頁數 Number of pages |
151 |
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研究生 Author |
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指導教授 Advisor |
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召集委員 Convenor |
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口試委員 Advisory Committee |
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口試日期 Date of Exam |
2019-02-22 |
繳交日期 Date of Submission |
2019-03-25 |
關鍵字 Keywords |
擾動觀察法、最大功率點、最大功率點追蹤、太陽能光電、穩態、遮陰效應 Photovoltaic, Maximum Power Point Tracking, Perturb and Observe, Partial Shading Conditions, Steady State, Maximum Power Point |
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統計 Statistics |
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中文摘要 |
此論文改良了應用於太陽能光電(PV)的擾動觀察法(P&O)以及最大功率點追蹤 (MPPT)方法,並且稱之為改良後的擾動觀察法(IP&O)及最大功率點追蹤。這個新的 演算法在 MATLABSIMULINK 環境下建立模型模擬. 改良後的擾動觀察法與原本的 方法在不同的氣候下去模擬比較,其結果驗證了改良後的方法在追蹤遮陰效應、穩 態、或劇烈的天氣變化下的最大功率點時,都能有更好的效率以及結果. 改良的擾動觀察法最主要的目的是要減少原本方法所造成的三種明顯的缺陷, 這些缺點包括在穩定狀態下最大功率點的震盪現象;因為天氣劇烈變化,或著是在 遮陰效應下擾動觀察法無法準確的觀察到最大功率點,使得工作點偏移最大功率點。 改良後的擾動觀察法藉由融合了兩種其他的演算法來解決這樣的問題 : 最佳化的爬山 演算法(Hill Climbing)以及搜尋演算法. 關鍵詞 : 太陽能光電,最大功率點追蹤,最大功率點,擾動觀察法, 遮陰效 應,穩態. |
Abstract |
In this work, an improved version of the standard P&O MPPT algorithm for PV application with the name of IP&O MPPT algorithm is introduced, proposed and implemented. The new IP&O MPPT algorithm is modeled and then simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The IP&O simulation results are compared with the simulation results of the standard P&O algorithm in different weather condition scenarios. The results prove that the IP&O algorithm to be more efficient, more effective and have a better performance in tracking the MPP during steady state conditions (STC), partial shading conditions (PSC) and sudden change in weather conditions. The IP&O algorithm’s primary goal is to reduce the standard P&O three critical drawbacks losses effects. These drawbacks include the oscillation around the MPP that occurs in case of STC, the deviation of the operating point away from the MPP in case of rapid change in weather conditions and the P&O algorithm inability to track the MPP in case of PSC. The IP&O algorithm meets its mentioned goals by combining two algorithms that include: the optimized hill-climbing MPPT method (dP-P&O) and the checking algorithm. Keywords: Photovoltaic, Maximum Power Point Tracking, Maximum Power Point, Perturb and Observe, Partial Shading Conditions, Steady State Conditions. |
目次 Table of Contents |
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................... iv 摘要 .................................................................................................................................... v ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................... vi TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................................. vii TABLE OF FIGURES ................................................................................................... xi TABLE OF TABLES ................................................................................................. xvii ABBREVIATIONS ....................................................................................................... xix SYMBOLS ........................................................................................................................ xx INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 BACKGROUND AND MOTIVES ......................................................................... 1 1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT ..................................................................................... 5 1.3 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE ........................................................... 6 1.4 THESIS STRUCTURE ........................................................................................... 8 LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................. 9 2.1 PHOTOVOLTAIC FUNDAMENTALS ................................................................ 9 2.1.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 9 2.1.2 Electrical Model of a Solar Cell ........................................................................ 11 2.1.3 The output Characteristics of the Solar Cell ..................................................... 14 2.1.4 Temperature and Irradiance Effects .................................................................. 17 2.2 DC-DC POWER CONVERTERS ........................................................................ 19 2.2.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 19 2.2.2 The DC-DC Boot Converter ............................................................................. 22 2.3 REVIEW OF THE COMMONLY USED MPPT ALGORITHMS .................. 24 2.3.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 24 2.3.2 Short-Circuit Current (SCC) MPPT Algorithm ................................................ 25 2.3.3 Open-Circuit Voltage (OCV) MPPT Algorithm ............................................... 26 2.3.4 The Perturb and Observe (P&O) MPPT Algorithm .......................................... 28 2.3.5 Incremental Conductance (IncCond) MPPT algorithm .................................... 39 2.3.6 Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) MPPT algorithm................................................... 40 2.3.7 Artificial Neural Network (ANN) MPPT algorithm ......................................... 42 THE PROPOSED AND MODIFIED VERSION OF THE STANDARD P&O ALGORITHM ................................................................................................................. 44 3.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 44 3.2 THE OPTIMIZED HILL CLIMBING MPPT ALGORITHM ........................ 46 3.3 THE CHECKING ALGORITHM ....................................................................... 50 SIMULATION RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ........................................................... 55 4.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 55 4.2 THE SINGLE PV CELL SIMULATION RESULTS ........................................ 56 4.2.1 The Influence of some critical factors on the PV Cell Performance ................. 57 4.3 THE PV SYSTEM SIMULATION RESULTS ................................................... 72 4.3.1 Standard Test Condition Scenario ..................................................................... 73 4.3.2 Rapid Change in Radiation ............................................................................... 75 4.3.3 Rapid Change in Temperature........................................................................... 77 4.3.4 Partial Shading Condition ................................................................................. 79 4.3.5 Coupling the PV System Directly to the Load .................................................. 82 4.4 THE BOOST CONVERTER DESIGN AND SIMULATION RESULTS ....... 84 4.4.1 Design of the Boost Converter .......................................................................... 84 4.4.2 Coupling the Boost Converter between the PV System and the Load .............. 93 4.5 THE CONVENTIONAL P&O MPPT SIMULATION RESULTS .................. 95 4.5.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 95 4.5.2 Standard Test Condition .................................................................................... 96 4.5.3 Rapid Change in Radiation ............................................................................... 97 4.5.4 Rapid Change in Temperature........................................................................... 99 4.5.5 Partial Shading Conditions .............................................................................. 101 4.6 THE PROPOSED IP&O MPPT SIMULATION RESULTS .......................... 103 4.6.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 103 4.6.2 Standard Test Condition .................................................................................. 104 4.6.3 Rapid Change in Radiation ............................................................................. 105 4.6.4 Rapid Change in Temperature......................................................................... 107 4.6.5 Partial Shading Condition ............................................................................... 109 4.7 A COMPARISON BETWEEN IP&O AND P&O SIMULATION RESULTS111 4.7.1 Standard Test Condition .................................................................................. 111 4.7.2 Rapid Change in Radiation ............................................................................. 113 4.7.3 Rapid Change in Temperature......................................................................... 114 4.7.4 Partial Shading Condition ............................................................................... 115 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION .............................................................................. 118 5.1 CONCLUSION .................................................................................................... 118 5.2 SUMMARY .......................................................................................................... 118 5.3 FUTURE WORK SUGGESTION ..................................................................... 119 REFERENCES .............................................................................................................. 120 APPENDIX .................................................................................................................... 128 |
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