本研究係探討2005年1月至2006年7月期間於台灣南部及北部海域水螅水母種類組成和豐度之時空分布及其與水文因子之相關性。綜合採樣分析結果，台灣南部海域共發現7目18科26屬46種水螅水母，平均豐度為88±14 inds./1000m3。研究調查期間，台灣南部海域水螅水母豐度具有明顯的季節差異，2005年冬季1月及2006年夏季7月顯著高於其他季節。主要水螅水母優勢種為半口壯麗水母(Aglaura hemistoma)、異腺瓮水母(Amphogona apsteini)、頂突瓮水母(Amphogona apicata)，此三種優勢種共佔南部海域水螅水母豐度71％。台灣北部海域則發現7目19科24屬36種，其平均豐度為235±68 inds./1000m3，但各季節之水螅水母豐度無明顯差異。主要優勢種為半口壯麗水母及真瘤水母(Eutima levuka)，兩種類共佔北部海域水螅水母豐度70.3％。
台灣南部海域水螅水母各季平均種類數及平均種歧異度幾乎都比北部海域高，但北部海域之平均豐度比南部海域高近乎3 倍，其中以西北海域顯著高於其他海域。不同的水螅水母優勢種在各季及各測站間的分布情形也不盡相同。
整體而言，在本研究中水螅水母族群的種類數和種歧異度指數與表層海水之溫度呈顯著正相關，族群的總豐度、種類數及主要優勢種的豐度亦與浮游動物豐度呈顯著正相關，而優勢種中的真瘤水母與表層海水之鹽度則呈顯著負相關。根據本研究結果發現，台灣南部海域大多數水螅水母優勢種豐度會與浮游動物豐度有著顯著的正相關，顯示食物豐度的多寡可能是決定南部海域水螅水母豐度分布模式的一個重要因素；而台灣北部海域各季節水團的變動較南部明顯，種類數和種歧異度指數也有明顯的季節差異，顯示其水螅水母的分布情形與水團的變動之間有密切的關聯。

Temporal and spatial distribution in species composition and abundance of hydromedusae in relation to hydrographic variables in the waters off southern and northern Taiwan were investigated from January 2005 to July 2006. In total, 46 hydromedusae species belonging to 26 genera and 18 families were identified in the waters off southern Taiwan, with mean abundance of 88±14 inds./1000m3. The abundance of hydromedusae showed distinct seasonal change, higher in January 2005 and July 2006 compared with other seasons. The predominant species were Aglaura hemistoma, Amphogona apsteini and A. apicata, together they contributed to 71 % of the numerical total of hydromedusae. In the waters off northern Taiwan, 36 hydromedusae species belonging to 24 genera and 19 families were identified, with mean abundance of 235±68 inds./1000m3. The abundance of hydromedusae showed no apparent seasonal change. The 2 most dominant species, A. hemistoma and Eutima levuka, comprised 70.3 % of the numerical total of hydromedusae.
The mean species number and species diversity were higher in the southern waters than the northern waters of Taiwan, but the overall mean abundance was about 3 times higher in the northern waters than that in the southern waters, particularly in the northwestern waters off Taiwan. Different dominant species showed different distribution patterns.
In total, the species number and species diversity index of hydromedusae in the present study areas showed significantly positive correlation with water temperature, while the abundance and species richness of hydromedusae and the dominant species showed significantly positive correlation with zooplankton. The dominant species, E. levuka, showed significantly negative correlation with water salinity. The species diversity was always higher in the waters off southern Taiwan, probably due to warm and stable hydrographic conditions. The abundance of most dominant species were positively correlated to zooplankton abundance in the southern waters, suggesting that the abundance of food availability might also be a key factor to determine the distribution pattern of hydromedusae. While in the waters off northern Taiwan, seasonal variation of hydrography was more obvious than that in the waters off southern Taiwan, and so as the species number and the species diversity index of hydromedusae, implied that the distribution of hydromedusae was closely related to the seasonal variation of water masses.

中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目錄 IV
表目錄 VI
圖目錄 VIII
附表目錄 X
壹、前言 1
1.1 研究區域水文環境之介紹 ...1
1.2 水螅水母之生理 2
1.3 全球水螅水母之起源與分布 3
1.4 中國大陸鄰近海域與台灣附近海域水螅水母之研究情形 5
貳、材料與方法 7
2.1 水文資料 7
2.2 浮游動物資料 7
2.3 資料處理和數據分析 8
參、結果 10
3.1 水文環境 10
1.台灣南部海域 10
2.台灣北部海域 11
3.2 水螅水母種類組成及總豐度、種類數及種歧異度的季節變化 12
1.台灣南部海域 13
2.台灣北部海域 14
3.3 優勢種之季節分布 15
1.台灣南部海域 15
2.台灣北部海域 17
3.4 水螅水母在水文站群間之分布 17
1.台灣南部海域 18
2台灣北部海域 18
3.5 水螅水母之種群分析 19
1.台灣南部海域 19
2.台灣北部海域 20
3.6 水螅水母豐度與水文因子之相關性 20
1.台灣南部海域 20
2.台灣北部海域 21
3.7 水螅水母豐度、種類數及種歧異度日夜差異 21
肆、討論 22
4.1 水文環境因子的探討 22
4.2 水螅水母種類組成及豐度之分布特徵 24
4.3 水螅水母的地理分布與環境因子相關性的探討 27
伍、結論 31
陸、參考文獻 32
表 39
圖 65
附表 92

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