本研究首次分析太平洋長鰭鮪和大目鮪肌肉的總汞、有機汞，與長鰭鮪肝臟中的總汞與有機汞及其肌肉與肝臟的微量元素(銅、鐵、錳與鋅)濃度，用以了解汞與微量元素在這些大洋迴游性魚類體內蓄積的情形，建立這兩種鮪魚體內汞濃度與體型和年齡的相關性，比較分析種別及地理區的差異，並評估其肌肉的食用安全性。
本研究中共分析中西太平洋採集的長鰭鮪185尾(2001, 10∼2006, 4)、大目鮪134尾(2005, 9∼2006, 11)。
結果顯示太平洋長鰭鮪與大目鮪肌肉中的總汞（THg, mg/kg 鮮重）及有機汞（OHg, mg/kg 鮮重）濃度分別為0.435±0.145和0.279±0.087以及0.935±0.655和0.544±0.396，長鰭鮪肝臟中總汞與有機汞分別為0.426±0.363和0.193±0.121。長鰭鮪與大目鮪肌肉中的有機汞佔總汞比例分別為67±19％和62±20％。除了長鰭鮪肝臟中的有機汞與年齡的相關性並不顯著外，長鰭鮪與大目鮪肌肉以及長鰭鮪肝臟中的總汞與有機汞濃度與其體型與年齡成正相關。長鰭鮪肌肉中的總汞與有機汞濃度皆顯著低於大目鮪，且其肌肉中的總汞與有機汞的蓄積速率亦低於大目鮪。長鰭鮪肌肉中的汞濃度並無地理上的差異，而大目鮪肌肉中的總汞與有機汞濃度則呈現北大於赤道的現象。
長鰭鮪肌肉的總汞濃度近似肝臟，而有機汞濃度、Cu、Fe、Mn與Zn濃度則是肌肉明顯高於肝臟。當長鰭鮪肝臟的總汞濃度高於0.8 mg/kg時，解毒機制啟動，使得肌肉的總汞濃度下降並維持在0.7 mg/kg 附近。
本研究中長鰭鮪肌肉的有機汞濃度皆小於WHO所訂定魚類的食用安全限值有機汞(1mg/kg)，而大目鮪有88%的樣品低於此限值。估計每人每周攝取長鰭鮪與大目鮪的肌肉不超過300和150克，則無汞攝入過量的健康風險。

The objects of this study were to investigate the differences of total mercury(THg), organic mercury(OHg) concentrations in the muscles of albacore and bigeye tuna from the Pacific Ocean, and the THg and OHg concentration in the livers , and the trace elements (Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) in the muscles and livers of albacore, in order to evaluate the bioaccumulative status of the oceanic migratory fishes. Meanwhile, The relationships between mercury concentration and size (length and weight) and age were established, and the differences of mercury concentrations in the
tuna between species and geography were examined. And that the safety consumption level was also discussed.
One hundred eighty-five albacore and 134 bigeye tuna were sampled from the period October 2001 to April 2006 and from September 2005 to November 2006, respectively, in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean.
The results showed that the average THg (mg/kg flesh wt.) and OHg (mg/kg flesh wt.) of muscles were 0.435±0.145 and 0.279±0.087, respectively, for albacore, and 0.935±0.655 and 0.544±0.396, respectively, for bigeye tuna. The THg and OHg of livers of albacore were 0.426±0.363 and 0.193±0.121, respectively. The average OHg percentages of the THg in albacore and bigeye tuna were 67±19 % and 62±20 %, respectively. Except there was no significant correlation between OHg and age in the liver of albacore, the THg and OHg in the muscles, and THg in the livers of albacore, and THg in the muscles of bigeye tuna showed a positive correlation with size and age. The THg and OHg levels in the muscles of albacore were lower than those of bigeye tuna, and the accumulative rates of THg and OHg in albacore were lower than those in bigeye tuna. No significant different of muscles-THg and -OHg concentrations of albacore from the four samplind areas. However, the THg and OHg levels in muscle of bigeye tuna showed that north group higher than those in equator.
The concentrations of THg were similar in muscle and liver of albacore, but those OHg, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn concentrations in liver were significantly higher than those in muscle. A detoxificated mechanism may be commenced when the concentration of THg in liver of albacore exceed 0.8 mg/kg, to maintain the muscle concentration of THg at a level about 0.7 mg/kg.
The OHg concentrations of all albacore and 88% of bigeye tuna were below WHO food safety standard for migratory fishes(1.0 mg/kg). The consumption amount of albacore and bigeye tuna were no more than 300 and 150g, respectively, will not exceesed the PTWI(provisional tolerable weekly intake) set by WHO, that will not cause any health threat for consumer.

中文摘要----------------------------------------------------------------------------I
英文摘要--------------------------------------------------------------------------III
目錄--------------------------------------------------------------------------------V
表目錄--------------------------------------------------------------------------VIII
圖目錄----------------------------------------------------------------------------IX
附表目錄------------------------------------------------------------------------XII
謝辭-----------------------------------------------------------------------------XIII
壹、 前言-------------------------------------------------------------------------1
1.1 長鰭鮪的介紹--------------------------------------------------------1
1.2 大目鮪的介紹--------------------------------------------------------3
1.3 鮪類的相關生物學研究--------------------------------------------5
1.4 鮪類體內汞蓄積研究的重要性-----------------------------------7
1.5 鮪類的汞蓄積的相關研究-----------------------------------------8
1.6 研究目的--------------------------------------------------------------8
貳、 材料與方法----------------------------------------------------------------9
2.1 樣品採集與分布地點-----------------------------------------------9
2.1.1 長鰭鮪---------------------------------------------------------9
2.1.2 大目鮪---------------------------------------------------------9
2.2 實驗器皿清洗程序--------------------------------------------------9
2.3 樣品前處理----------------------------------------------------------10
2.3.1 長鰭鮪-------------------------------------------------------10
2.3.2 大目鮪-------------------------------------------------------11
2.4 樣品消化前處理---------------------------------------------------11
2.5 標準溶液配製------------------------------------------------------13
2.6 品保與品管---------------------------------------------------------14
參、 結果------------------------------------------------------------------------15
3.1 兩種鮪類的基礎生物參數----------------------------------------15
3.1.1 長鰭鮪-------------------------------------------------------15
3.1.2 大目鮪-------------------------------------------------------16
3.2 國際標準樣品查核結果及偵測下限----------------------------16
3.3 肌肉汞濃度與尾叉長、體重的關係-----------------------------16
3.3.1 長鰭鮪-------------------------------------------------------17
3.3.2 大目鮪-------------------------------------------------------19
3.4 長鰭鮪肌肉汞濃度與年齡的關係-------------------------------20
3.5 肌肉汞濃度的性別差異-------------------------------------------21
3.5.1 長鰭鮪-------------------------------------------------------21
3.5.2 大目鮪-------------------------------------------------------22
3.6 肌肉汞濃度的地點差異-------------------------------------------22
3.6.1 長鰭鮪-------------------------------------------------------22
3.6.2 大目鮪-------------------------------------------------------23
3.7 長鰭鮪與大目鮪在肌肉汞濃度的種別差異-------------------23
3.8 長鰭鮪肝臟的汞濃度與尾叉長和體重的關係----------------24
3.9 長鰭鮪肝臟的汞濃度與年齡的關係----------------------------26
3.10 長鰭鮪肝臟中汞濃度的性別差異-----------------------------27
3.11 長鰭鮪肝臟中汞濃度的地點差異-----------------------------28
3.12 長鰭鮪組織間汞濃度的差異及相關性-----------------------29
3.13 總汞與有機汞濃度間的相關性--------------------------------29
3.13.1 長鰭鮪-----------------------------------------------------30
3.13.2 大目鮪-----------------------------------------------------30
3.14 長鰭鮪肌肉與肝臟中銅、鐵、錳與鋅的濃度及其與
總汞和有機汞的相關性分析-----------------------------------30
肆、 討論------------------------------------------------------------------------32
4.1 鮪類肌肉總汞、有機汞濃度及有機汞佔總汞比例與體型和年齡之關係---------------------------------------------------------32
4.2 長鰭鮪肝臟總汞、有機汞濃度及有機汞佔總汞比例與體型和年齡之關係------------------------------------------------------34
4.3 長鰭鮪汞濃度的組織差異----------------------------------------35
4.4 長鰭鮪與大目鮪肌肉和肝臟汞濃度的性別差異-------------37
4.5 長鰭鮪與大目鮪肌肉汞濃度的種別差異----------------------39
4.6 長鰭鮪與大目鮪肌肉和肝臟汞濃度的地點差異-------------40
4.7 長鰭鮪肌肉與肝臟汞濃度的關係-------------------------------41
4.8 長鰭鮪和大目鮪體內汞濃度與其他鮪類之比較-------------43
4.9 長鰭鮪肌肉與肝臟微量元素之種間差異----------------------44
4.10 食用安全的探討--------------------------------------------------45
伍、 參考文獻------------------------------------------------------------------48
表-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------57
圖-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------66
附錄------------------------------------------------------------------------------113

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