肝細胞癌 (HCC) 是人類最常見的惡性腫瘤，它是全世界排名第五名的惡性腫瘤，也是全球癌症相關死亡的第三大常見原因。最近的研究顯示，miRNAs會涉及到許多癌症，包括肝細胞癌。MicroRNAs (miRNAs) 為一個大約有22個核苷酸小的非編碼RNAs，它涉及了許多生理功能像是發育、細胞增殖、細胞凋亡以及自噬。我們利用NCBI pubmed搜尋，在肝細胞癌中涉及miRNAs和自噬的影響的相關文獻，並且利用miRmine網站搜尋在肝細胞癌中各種的miRNAs，接著將其彙整，以便找出肝細胞癌中的自噬以及miRNAs的關聯性。雖然有少數文獻指出，miRNAs和自噬以及肝細胞癌中的影響，但三者的關係仍然有待確定。我們也探討miRNAs對於自噬的調控，以及miRNAs在自噬中的治療作用，希望有朝一日能應用在癌症中，並降低復發率。

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type and malignant tumors in human worldwide, and it ranks as the fifth most frequent cancer and the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Recent study reported that miRNAs are involved in many cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a non-coding RNAs of approximately 22 nucleotides that involve several biological processes such as development, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy. We use NCBI pubmed to search for related literature on the effects of miRNAs and autophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma. In addition, we used miRmine website to search for differentiaed miRNAs in HCC. Then, we aggregated to identify the association of autophagy and miRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma. Although there are a few literatures that show the effects of miRNAs and autophagy in HCC. However, the relationship between miRNAs and autophagy in HCC remains to be determined. At last, we also explored the regulation of miRNAs for autophagy and the therapeutic effect of miRNAs in autophagy, hoping to be used in cancer one day and reduce the recurrence rate.

論文審定書 i
論文公開授權書 ii
中文摘要 iii
Abstract iv
英文縮寫表 v
圖次 xiii
表次 xiv
壹、 緒論 1
貳、 肝細胞癌 4
貳.1. 肝臟的結構與生理功能 4
貳.2. 肝癌的發生及症狀 5
貳.3. 肝癌的種類 5
貳.4. 肝癌的危險因子 7
貳.5. 肝癌的臨床分期 8
貳.6. 肝癌的治療方式 10
參、 MicroRNAs (miRNAs) 12
參.1. miRNAs的起源 12
參.2. miRNAs的生成 13
肆、 自噬 (autophagy) 15
肆.1. 自噬 15
肆.2. 自噬的生成過程 16
伍、 材料與方法 17
陸、 實驗流程 18
柒、 miRNAs在肝癌中的角色 19
捌、 miRNAs與自噬 (autophagy) 的關係 22
捌.1. miRNAs調控自噬機制 22
捌.2. miRNAs調控自噬造成致癌性 23
捌.3. miRNAs調控自噬造成抑癌作用 24
玖、 自噬的潛在治療作用 26
玖.1. miRNAs在自噬中潛在的治療作用 26
玖.2. 在HCC中，粒線體分裂會誘導自噬活化的治療潛力 28
壹拾、 結果 29
壹拾.1. 在肝癌中，幾個miRNAs已被證實會影響自噬 29
壹拾壹、 結論 49
參考文獻 50
附錄 73

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