蜘蛛絲是一種以蛋白質為主的生物材料，它不僅具備堅韌、輕量、柔軟、可延展性、優異的生醫特性(生物相容性、細胞相容性、低免疫產生性)，在近幾年甚至發現它具備傳遞光訊號的能力，是天然的生物相容性光纖。
　　本論文中使用蜘蛛絲代替傳統的玻璃光纖，探討利用蜘蛛絲傳遞可見光波段的能力，以矽油當作媒介的方式，將兩根不具黏性的蜘蛛絲靠在一起，製作出以生物材料為主的光纖耦合器，透過光學鑷子系統控制油珠的移動，改變耦合區長度改變兩端的分光比，使用Rsoft中BeamPROP的功能，以製作出的光纖耦合器參數來模擬分光比，並與實際量測到的數值做討論。

Spider silk is a protein-based biomaterial. It is also light, flexible, biocompatible, transparent in visible wavelength range, and excellent biomedical properties (biocompatibility, cell compatibility, low immunogenicity). In recent years, it has been found that it has the ability to transmit optical signals and also is a natural biocompatible optical fiber.

In this paper, use the light guiding ability of spider silk as optical fiber to transmit signals. Silicone oil pull two non-sticky silk fibers together to form the optical fiber coupler. Oil droplets can be moved by optical tweezers. The splitting ratio of the output is changed by changing the length of the coupling zone. Use the experimental parameters of the optical coupler to simulate the split ratio by simulation software BeamPROP.

目錄
中文審定書 i
致謝 ii
摘要 iii
Abstract iv
圖次 vii
表次 x
第一章 序論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 文獻回顧與研究動機 1
1.3 論文架構 2
第二章 相關理論介紹 3
2.1 光纖基本原理 3
2.2 光纖耦合器 8
2.2.1 光纖耦合器歷史 8
2.2.2 2x2光纖耦合理論 8
2.3 模擬軟體介紹 13
2.4 光束傳播法 15
2.5 光學鑷子原理 17
2.6 蜘蛛絲 20
2.6.1 蜘蛛絲種類介紹 20
2.6.2 蜘蛛絲光纖介紹 22
第三章 實驗架構與樣品製備 25
3.1 實驗器材 25
3.2 量測架設與方法 26
3.3 樣品製備 28
3.3.1 單根蜘蛛絲樣品製作 29
3.3.2 雙根蜘蛛絲光纖耦合器樣品製作 31
第四章 量測結果討論與模擬分析 32
4.1 蜘蛛絲光纖量測 32
4.2 蜘蛛絲液珠調控量測 34
4.3 蜘蛛絲光纖耦合器 43
第五章 結論 51
參考文獻 52

1. Tow, K.H., et al., Exploring the Use of Native Spider Silk as an Optical Fiber for Chemical Sensing. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2018. 36(4): p. 1138-1144.
2. Monks, J.N., et al., Spider silk: mother nature’s bio-superlens. Nano letters, 2016. 16(9): p. 5842-5845.
3. Qin, N., et al. Precise control of natural and synthetic silk nanostructures using electron beam lithography. in Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS), 2017 IEEE 30th International Conference on. 2017. IEEE.
4. Huby, N., et al., Native spider silk as a biological optical fiber. Applied Physics Letters, 2013. 102(12): p. 123702.
5. Gosline, J., et al., The mechanical design of spider silks: from fibroin sequence to mechanical function. Journal of Experimental Biology, 1999. 202(23): p. 3295-3303.
6. Heim, M., D. Keerl, and T. Scheibel, Spider silk: from soluble protein to extraordinary fiber. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2009. 48(20): p. 3584-3596.
7. Chow, D.M., et al. Shedding light on the optical properties of spider silk fiber. in Photonics Conference (IPC), 2015. 2015. IEEE.
8. Tow, K.H., et al. Spider silk: a novel optical fibre for biochemical sensing. in 24th International Conference on Optical Fibre Sensors. 2015. International Society for Optics and Photonics.
9. Sumetsky, M., Y. Dulashko, and A. Hale, Fabrication and study of bent and coiled free silica nanowires: Self-coupling microloop optical interferometer. Optics Express, 2004. 12(15): p. 3521-3531.
10. Prabhu, A.M., et al., Ultracompact SOI microring add–drop filter with wide bandwidth and wide FSR. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2009. 21(10): p. 651-653.
11. Culverhouse, D., et al., 3 x 3 all-fiber routing switch. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 1997. 9(3): p. 333-335.
12. Moreau, F., et al., Fiber-optic remote multisensor system based on an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF). Applied spectroscopy, 1996. 50(10): p. 1295-1300.
13. Kao, K. and G.A. Hockham. Dielectric-fibre surface waveguides for optical frequencies. in Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers. 1966. IET.
14. Sheem, S. and T. Giallorenzi, Single‐mode fiber multiterminal star directional coupler. Applied Physics Letters, 1979. 35(2): p. 131-133.
15. Sheem, S.K. and T.G. Giallorenzi, Single-mode fiber-optical power divider: encapsulated etching technique. Optics Letters, 1979. 4(1): p. 29-31.
16. Villarruel, C., Fused single mode fibre access couplers. Electronics Letters, 1981. 17(6): p. 243-244.
17. Salazar, D., M.A. Felix, and A. Jessica, A simple technique to obtain fused fiber optics couplers. Instrumentation and Development, 2001. 5(3): p. 170-174.
18. Feit, M. and J. Fleck, Light propagation in graded-index optical fibers. Applied optics, 1978. 17(24): p. 3990-3998.
19. Ashkin, A., Acceleration and trapping of particles by radiation pressure. Physical review letters, 1970. 24(4): p. 156.
20. Ashkin, A., Forces of a single-beam gradient laser trap on a dielectric sphere in the ray optics regime. Biophysical journal, 1992. 61(2): p. 569-582.
21. 吳崇安, 黃鈞正, and 邱爾德, 光學嵌住之理論探討. 物理雙月刊, 2000. 22(5): p. 485-493.
22. Eisoldt, L., A. Smith, and T. Scheibel, Decoding the secrets of spider silk. Materials Today, 2011. 14(3): p. 80-86.
23. Tow, K.H., et al. Weaving our way towards a new generation of fibre-optic chemical sensors based on spider silk. in Photonics (ICP), 2016 IEEE 6th International Conference on. 2016. Ieee.