本研究根據組織行為的觀點，探討督導行為、信任及組織公民行為的關係。研究方法採用問卷調查法，研究對象選擇輔英科技大學五專部護理科同一屆的實習護生及其臨床實習指導老師為主，問卷設計採用A、B卷的方式，A卷由老師填，衡量學生的組織公民行為。B卷護生填答，衡量信任老師與老師的督導行為。回收有效問卷共298份，重要研究結果如下：

（1）學生信任老師，對其組織公民行為中利他行為、盡職行為、謙
恭有禮、公民道德有顯著影響；對運動員精神則否。
（2）老師的督導行為對學生組織公民行為影響，包括：
1.協調性督導行為只對運動員精神、公民道德有影響。
2.接納性督導行為對利他行為、盡職行為、謙恭有禮、公民道
德均有顯著影響；對運動員精神則否。
3.教導性督導行為也只對運動員精神、公民道德有顯著影響。
（3）老師的督導行為中只有教導性督導行為對學生信任老師的影響
達到顯著水準。
（4）老師的督導行為中接納性與教導性督導行為，透過學生信任老
師，影響學生的組織公民行為中的利他行為、盡職行為、謙恭
有禮、公民道德四個構面。
（5）「督導行為－信任－組織公民行為」的連結關係，除了具有高
度意義之管理意涵之外，調查資料也支持此一研究架構。

The main purpose of this research is investigated based on the organizational behavior about the relationship among Supervisor, Trust and Organizational citizenship behavior. The research methods use questionnaires survey. The survey instrument was mail to the student nurses and teacher, and there are 298 effective questionnaires retuened. The main findings of the empirical study are as follow:

1.Trust holds a relation toward the altruism,
conscientiousness, courtesy and civic virtue; but no
relation toward the sportsmanship.
2.Coordingating supervisory behavior of trachers holds a
relation toward the sportsmanship and civic virtue.
Accepting supervisory behavior holds a relation toward
the altruism, conscientiousness, courtesy; but no
relation toward the sportsmanship. Teaching supervisory
behavior holds a relation toward the sportsmanship and
civic virtue.
3.Only teaching supervisory behavior holds a relation
toward the trust; the others no relation toward the trust.
4.Accepting supervisory behavior and teaching supervisory
behavior hold relation toward the altruism,
conscientiousness, courtesy and civic virtue through the
trust.
5.The research supports the link of the supervisory
behavior – trust – organizational citizenship behavior.

表目錄 7
圖目錄 7
第一章 緒論 8
第一節 研究背景 8
第二節 研究動機 10
第三節 研究目的 12
第四節 研究流程 13
第二章 文獻探討 14
第一節 組織公民行為14
第二節 督導行為 16
第三節 信任 20
第三章 研究方法 22
第一節 研究架構 22
第二節 操作性定義 23
第三節 研究假設 25
第四節 研究對象及抽樣 26
第五節 研究工具與信度分析 28
第六節 資料分析方法 34
第四章 資料分析結果 36
第一節 各研究變項之特性分析及個人屬性的影響 36
第二節 信任與組織公民行為之關係 41
第三節 督導行為與組織公民行為之關係 44
第四節 督導行為與信任之關係 50
第五節 整體結構模式徑路分析 52
第五章 結論與建議 56
第一節 研究結論 56
第二節 討論 58
第三節 建議 59
第四節 研究限制及後續研究建議 61
參考文獻 62
中文文獻 62
英文文獻 64
附錄 一 68

中文文獻
王秉鈞 譯，1994，管理學，第四版，台北：華泰書局發行。
古永嘉，1996，企業研究方法，第五版，台北：華泰書局發行。
朱春林，1987，督導行為與義務「張老師」工作滿足及工作績效的關係－因徑目標論之應用，私立東吳大學社會學研究所社會工作組碩士論文。
余德成、溫金豐及陳泰哲，2001，組織公平與組織公民行為關係之研究：以半導體封裝業為例，科技管理學刊，6（1）：131-150。
余德成，1996，品質管理人性面系統因素對工作績效之影響，國立中山大學企業管理研究所博士論文。
何金銘，2001，統計法輯要，台南：台灣復文興業股份有限公司出版。
吳明隆，1999，SPSS統計應用實務，台北：松崗電腦圖書資料股份有限公司出版。
吳林輝，1999，臨床視導在台北市國中實習教師教學輔導之需求性研究，台北市立師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文。
李皎正，1991，從護生臨床實習效果談護理臨床教學，護理雜誌，第三十八卷，第一期，第47-55頁。
李青芬、李雅婷、趙慕芬 合譯，1995，組織行為學，第六版，台北：華泰書局發行。
林淑姬，1992，薪酬公平、程序公正與組織承諾、組織公民行為關係之研究，國立政治大學企業管理研究所博士論文。
林鉦棽，1996，組織公正、信任、組織公民行為之研究：社會交換之理論之觀點，管理科學學報，13 (3)：391-415。
唐福瑩，1994，臨床護理教學教師之評值，榮總護理，11(1)，29-36。
唐福瑩，2001，臨床教學—教師態度之省思，護理雜誌，第四十八卷，第四期，第44-49頁。
徐曼瑩，1993，護理學程次級與護理能力層級，教育部技術與職業教育司委託研究。
翁淑卿，1996，督導行為取向與社會工作者職業倦怠感關係之研究－以台灣省縣市政府社工員為例，東海大學社會工作研究所碩士論文。
陳正昌、程炳林，2001，SPSS、SAS、BMDP統計軟體在多變量統計上的應用，台北：五南圖書公司出版。
許道然，2001，公部門組織信任與組織公民行為關係之研究，國立政治大學公共行政學系博士論文。
許麗齡，2000，護理教育的省思與展望，護理雜誌，第四十七卷，第四期，第40-46頁。
郭俊男，2002，運籌能力、競爭策略與經營績效關係之研究，國立中山大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
張峰銘，2002，薪資結構對組織公民行為之影響－以鍋爐製造業為例，國立中山大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
莊文生，1983，社會工作督導途徑，台灣省社會處。
黃英忠，1988，現代管理學，三版，台北：華泰書局發行。
曾華原，1982，對督導工作的基本概念和運用，社區發展季刊，第19期，第96-99頁。
曾華原，1988，志願工作者督導效能影響因素之研究，國立政治大學學報，57，第63-86頁。
葉莉莉，1991，護理教育中臨床實習的目的，護理雜誌，第三十八卷，第一期，第41-45頁。
葉美玲、高美玲，1999，結構方程模式與線性結構關係之簡介，護理研究，第7卷，第5期，第490-496頁。
廖榮利，1980，督導技術，台北：中華民國社區發展研究訓練中心印行。
顏鳳茹，1996，督導行為與受督導者滿意度之探究－以台灣地區一般綜合醫院為例，私立東吳大學社會學研究所碩士論文。



英文文獻
American Association of Colleges of Nursing. 1997. Essentials of baccalaureate education for professional nursing practice. Washington, DC: Author.
Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. 1988. On the evaluation of structural equation models. Academic of Marketing Science, 16, 76-94.
Bass, B. 1981. Stogdill’s Handbook of Leadership. New York: Free Press.
Bateman, T. S., & Organ, D. W. 1983. Job satisfaction and the good soldier: The relationship between affect and employee “citizenship”. Academy of management Journal, 26: 587- 595.
Beck, C. T. 1991. How students perceive faculty caring: A phenomenological study. Nurse Educator, 16(5): 18-22.
Bhattacharya, R. & Pillutla, M. M. 1998. A Formal Model of Trust Based on Outcomes. Academy of Management Review, 23(4): 459-472.
Bigley, G. A. & Pearce, J. L. 1998. Straining for Shared Meaning in Organization Science: Problem of Trust and Distrust. Academy of Management Review, 23(3): 393-404.
Blake, R. R. & Mouton, J. S. 1978. The new mangerial gird. Houston: Gulf Publishing company: 11.
Blau, P. 1964. Exchange and power in social life. New York: Wiley.
Bouqhn, S. 1992. An immodest proposal: Pay equity for nursing faculty who do clinical teaching. Journal of Nursing Education, 31: 215-220.
Brooks, J. A., & Kleine-Kracht, A. E. 1983. Evolution of definition of nursing. Advances in Nursing Science, 7: 51-63.
Chambers, M. A. 1998. Some issues in the assessment of clinical practice: A review of the literature. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 7: 201-208.
Christy, T. E. 1980. Clinical practice as a function of nursing education：An historical analysis. Nursing Outlook, 28: 493-497.
Cook, J. & T. Wall. 1980. New work attitude measures of trust, organizational commitment and personal need non-fulfillment. Journal of occupational psychology, 53: 39-52.
Davies, S., White, E., Riley, E. & Twinn, S. 1996. How can nurse teacher be more effective in practice setting? Nursing Education Today, 16(1): 19-27.
Davidhizar, R. E. & McBride, A. 1985. How nursing students explain their success and failure in clinical experiences. Journal of Nursing Education, 24: 284-290.
Deluga, R. J. 1994. Supervisor Trust Building, Leader-member Exchange and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Journal of occupational and Organizational psychology, 67: 315-326.
Dewey, J. 1938. Experience and education. New York: MacMillan.
Ferrest, S., Brown, N. & Pollock, L. 1996. The clinical role of nurse teacher: An exploratory study of the nurse teacher’s present and ideal role in the clinical area. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 24(6): 1257-1264.
Fiedler, F. E. & Mahar, L. 1979. The Effectiveness of the Contingency Model Training: A Review of the Validation of Leader Match. Personnel Psychology, 32: 45-62.
Fleishman, E. A. 1973. Twenty years of consideration and structure. In E.A. Fleishman & J. G. Hunt (eds.), Current developments in the study of leadership. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.
Gay, L. R. 1992. Educational research Competencies for Analysis and Application. New York：Macmillan.
Gothler, A. M. 1985. Critical issues in nursing education: The clinical laboratory. Journal of the New York State Nurses Association, 16(3): 51-55.
House, R. J. 1971. A path-goal theory of leader effectiveness. Administrative science quarterly. 16: 321-338.
House, R. J. & Mitchell T. R. 1974. Path-Goal Theory of leadership. Journal of Contemporary Business, autumn: 86.
Jairath, N., Costello, J., Wallace, P. & Rudy, L. 1991. The effect of preceptorship. Journal of Nursing Education, 30(6): 251-255.
Joreskog, K. G., & Sorbom, D. 1993. LISREL 8 user’s reference guide. Mooresville, IN: Scientific Software, Inc.
Kadushin, A. 1976. Supervision in Social Work. New York: Columbia University Press.
Katz, D. 1964. The motivational basis of organizational behavior. Behavioral Science, 9: 131-133.
Katz, D., & Kahn, R. L. 1978. The social psychology of organization, 2nd. New York: Wiley.
Kelly, B. 1992. The professional self-concept of nursing undergraduates and their perceptions of influential force. Journal of Nursing Education, 31(3): 121-125.
Konovsky, M. A. & Pugh, S. D. 1994. Citizenship Behavior and Social Exchange, Academy of management Journal, 37(3): 656-669.
Lane, G. 1998. Introduction : Theories and Issues in the Study of Trust , in C. Lane & R. Bachmann eds., Trust Within and Between Organization. New York : Oxford University Press.1-30.
Luhmann, N. 1979. Trust and Power. New York : Wiley.
MacNeil, I. R. 1985. Relational contracts: What we do and do not know. Wisconsin Law Review, 483-535.
McGregor, D. M. 1996. The Human Side of Enterprise, in J. S. Ott (ed.), Classical Readings in Organizational behavior, Belmont: Wadsworth Publishing Company, 57-62.
McNeely, B. L., & Meglion, B. M. 1994. The role of dispositional and situational antecedents in prosocial behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79: 836-844.
Nordgren, J., Richardson, S. J. & Laurella, V. B. 1998. A collaborative preceptor model for clinical teaching of beginning nursing students. Nurse Educator, 23(3): 27-32.
Nyhan, R. C. & Marlowe, H. A. 1997. The Psychometric Properties of the Organizational Trust Inventory, Evaluation Review, 21: 614-635.
Nyhan, R. C. 1999. Increasing Affective Organizational Commitment in Public Organizations, Review of Public Personnel Administrative, summer: 58-70.
Nyhan, R. C. 2000. Changing the Paradigm: Trust and Its Role in Public Sector Organizations, American Review of Public Administration, 30(1), march, 87-109.
Organ, D. W. 1988. Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Good Solider Syndrome. Lexington, MA: Lexington Book.
Organ, D. W. & M. Konovsky. 1989. Cognitive versus affective determinants of organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of applied psychology, 74: 157-164.
Podsakoff, P. M., S. B Mackenzie, R. H. Moorman, & R. Fetter. 1990. Transformational leader behaviors and their effects of followers trust in leader, satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behaviors. Leadership quarterly, l: 107-142.
Robbins, S. P. 1993. Organizational behavior: Concepts, controversies and applications. 6th ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Rousseau, D. M., & Parks, J. M. 1993. The contracts of individuals and organizational behavior, 15: 1-43. Greenwish. CT JAI Press.
Ryan, K. D. & Oestreich, D. K. 1998. Driving Fear Out of the Workplace: Creating the High-Trust, High-Performance Organization. 2nd, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
Smith, C. A., Organ, D. W., & Near, J. P. 1983. Organizational citizenship behavior: Its nature and antecedents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 68: 653-663.
Stephenson, P. M. 1984. Aspects of the nurse tutor-student nurse relationship. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 9: 283-290.
Stogdill, R. M. 1963. Manual for the Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire, 4th. Columbus: Ohio State University, Bureau of Educational Research.
Vroom V. H. & Yetton P. W. 1973. Leadership and Decision-Making. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press. A path-goal theory of leader effectiveness.
Walker, D. f. & Soltis, J. F. 1992. Curriculum and aims. New York: Teachers College Press.
Williams, L. J., & Anderson, S. E. 1991. Job stisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in-role behaviors. Journal of management, 17: 601-617.
Yukl, G. A. 1989. Managerial leadership: A review of theory and research. Yearly review of management, 15: 251-289.
Yukl, G. A. 1998. Leadership in Organizational, 4th edition, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.
Zimmerman, L., & Waltman, N. 1986. Effective clinical behaviors of faculty: A review of the literature. Nurse Educator, 11(1): 31-34.