本文報告在國內第一座二維內波實驗水槽（ 公尺），於總水深H等於50cm的條件下，以淡、鹽水依密度分層佈置的兩層流體，從事孤立內波產生、傳遞及遭遇底床障礙物之一連串基礎試驗研究之成果。
內波水槽內的上下層水深比 、造波區位能差( )、障礙物高度( )、種類(三角形及半圓形)及佈置方式，為實驗主要的控制變因。在各種不同實驗條件配合之下，試驗及比較以上變因對內波振幅能量及相關傳遞係數的影響，進而歸納其重要波動特性：
水槽中之上、下水層相對深度參數 為影響孤立內波振幅( )、波速及波形的主要因素。深度參數愈大，孤立內波的振幅愈大、主波後方餘盪愈小，波形愈接近孤立內波波形，當孤立內波振幅愈大，波速愈快。
本試驗之內波傳遞過程之振幅與能量的衰減，主要是受底部邊界及水槽兩側玻璃的摩擦力影響，其振幅及能量衰減，大約是每傳遞六公尺則振幅衰減12%，能量衰減約16%。
障礙物對內波傳遞影響的輕重主要是由障礙比 決定，其影響的程度可分為三種：(1) 時，障礙物對內波幾乎沒有影響(微量作用)；(2) 介於0.55~0.7之間，內波開始產生反射現象(中度作用)；(3) >0.7時，內波產生碎波且消散大量的能量(碎波型態)。當內波經過連續障礙物時，兩障礙物間距愈小其總能量損耗愈大。且在兩組大小不一的障礙物，前高後低的障礙物之總能量損耗要比前低後高的障礙物為大。
內波在海洋、河口或湖泊中都是常見的一種物理現象。當內波經過地形變化的地區時(海底山脊、陸棚…等)，會與地形產生一連串的交互作用，如溯升、溯降、碎波、溢頂、渦旋、反射、繞射及透射等現象。本文之研究報告，應可做為內波在海洋及湖泊中的傳遞及受到海底障礙物影響的參考。

Laboratory experiments were conducted in an internal wave flume ( m), at the National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. A series of fundamental experiments on wave generation, propagation and interaction with obstacles were carried out using stratified two-layer fresh/brine water with a total depth of 50 cm in the flume.
Factors governing the experiments included the thickness ratio of the upper and lower layer H1/H2, interface difference

第一章 緒論
1.1 前言 1
1.2 文獻回顧 2
1.2.1 現場調查研究 2
1.2.2 南海內波研究調查 3
1.2.3 實驗室研究 5
1.3 研究目的 8
1.4 本文架構 8

第二章 內波基本理論
2.1 前言 10
2.2 內波的生成、傳遞和消散 11
2.2.1 內波的生成 12
2.2.2 內波的傳遞 12
2.2.3 內波的消散 13
2.3 內波的結構與流場 14
2.3.1 內波的型態 14
2.3.2 內波的流場 15
2.4 內波與水下障礙物之交互作用 17
2.4.1 前言 17
2.4.2 內波在障礙物中的反射和透射現象 17
2.4.3 碎波 17
2.4.4 內波經過障礙物的能量損耗 18

第三章 實驗佈置
3.1 實驗設備與儀器 19
3.2 實驗佈置及流程 23
3.3 實驗條件 28
3.3.1 內波的生成 28
3.3.2 障礙物種類 30
3.4 實驗項目 31
3.5 實驗量測儀器之設置 33
3.5.1 單一障礙物 33
3.5.2 連續障礙物 34

第四章 實驗數據整理
4.1 實驗數據的整理 36
4.1.1測波儀器組量得之內波及表面波波高值 36
4.1.2孤立內波特徵參數 40
4.2 實驗數據結果 44
第五章 孤立內波的生成與傳遞
5.1 實驗水體密度剖 50
5.2 孤立內波生成 52
5.3 孤立內波波形 58
5.4 孤立內波振幅 61
5.5 孤立內波波速 63
5.6 實驗內波與波形理論比較 64
5.7 孤立內波振幅及能量的衰減 69

第六章 孤立內波經過障礙物的變化
6.1 障礙物對孤立內波的影響 71
6.1.1 孤立內波在障礙物的現象 72
6.1.2 障礙物對下沉型內波的影響 72
6.1.3 內波在障礙物前的碎波 76
6.1.4 內波對障礙物的反射 79
6.1.5 內波對障礙物的透射 84
6.1.6 內波於障礙物中的能量消 90
6.2內波於連續障礙物中之變化 92
6.2.1 連續障礙物實驗設計 92
6.2.2連續障礙物之距離及不同分層水深比對內波的影響 93
6.2.3連續障礙物之距離及不等高度障礙物前後位置對內波的影響 99
6.3內波於半圓形障礙物之變化 105

第七章 結論與建議
7.1結論 110
7.2建議 114
參考文獻 118
附錄1 實驗設備圖片集 122
附錄2-A 內波通過單一障礙物資料圖 123
附錄2-B 內波通過連續障礙物資料圖 132

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