摘 要
建築物火災造成的人員傷亡 , 大部分為濃煙所致;而這與其煙控系統之設計有絕大的關係 。 煙控為將火災時的煙限定在某區域內，或是改變煙的流動方向，藉以控制並降低火災區之煙漫延擴散。並在疏散人員時，維持逃生處為明確的通道。提供可待守的環境，以利消防人員進行援救，保障生命安全，減少財物損失。
在國外較先進國家目前大都將煙控設計視為影響避難逃生的重要因素之一，有效的煙控設計可適當的防止或延阻煙層的擴散或沉降，當然也就相對增加避難安全所欠缺的逃生時間，因此，將煙控與避難設計綜合考量進行較科學的性能式設計應當可發展出相當安全且符合經濟效益的設計 。
大空間中庭部份之煙控與避難系統，於我國目前並無適當法規可依循。因此必須針對此部份進行煙控與避難性能電腦模擬分析，以印證其所設計之煙控與避難性能，繼而經全尺度實驗,再由主管官署之認定，此即為本文之主旨所在。主要內容項目包括：
1.整體建物煙控區劃最適化分析
2.中庭煙控性能分析
3.結合煙控與避難性能分析
4.全尺度實驗
期望於此大型建築購物中心中，依據性能式法規設計之整體煙控避難系統，能成為國內首度之大型購物中心煙控避難系統設計，以增強日後建築整體營運時之安全，並成為國內大型公共建築煙控避難設計之典範。

ABSTRACT
Almost people hurt or die because of heavy smoke when the building fires. Smoke Management is to keep the smoke in the limited zone or to change its direction and to keep the ways which the people escape bright. It is convenient for fireman to save them and to keep their life and to reduce the money loss.
In the developed country of the world, smoke management design is one of the most important factors to affect egress system of the building. Effective smoke management design is to avoid the smoke diffusing or descending and to make the people have enough time to escape. The combination of smoke management and egress system using performance-based fire safety design should be developed safely and economically.
In Taiwan,we haven’t the proper law of smoke management and egress system about the atria of the large space. So we must progress the computer simulation about smoke management and egress system and then use full-scale experiment to perform.
The major terms of the content are:
1.the optimal distribution zone analysis of smoke management of the building.
2.to design and to analyze smoke management of the atria.
3.the combination of design analysis of smoke management and egress system.
4.full-scale experimental investigation.
We hope that the performance-based fire safety design method about smoke management and egress system of the large shopping mall could be the excellent model and enchance the safety of the building in Taiwan.

謝誌 I
目錄 II
圖目錄 V
表目錄 X
符號說明 XI
摘要 XII
摘要（英文） XIII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究背景與目的 1
1.2研究方法 3
1.3研究內容與步驟 5
第二章 文獻回顧 7
2.1火災煙柱模式 7
2.2大空間中庭煙蓄積煙控之相關文獻回顧 11
2.2.1 大空間煙蓄積煙控 11
2.2.2 中庭建築煙控系統 11
2.3避難系統分析之文獻回顧 15
2.3.1 避難行為數量化分析 15
2.3.2 最大步行流量 15
2.3.3 模擬避難之電腦軟體 SIMULEX 16
2.3.4 逃生門寬度與流量之關係 16
第三章 大空間建築煙控系統之設計理論分析 17
3.1 區域模式 18
3.2 場模式 19
3.2.1. STAR-CD之特性 20
3.2.2. STAR-CD 應用領域 21
3.2.3. STAR-CD使用說明 22
3.2.4. STAR-CD軟體功能使用說明 25
3.2.5. 統御方程式 29
3.2.6. 火源強度說明 31
3.3 美國 NFPA 92B設計規範之主要計算模式分析 37
3.4以場模式進行3DCFD電腦模擬與經由NFPA 92B
計算結果比對分析 39
3.5 動態避難模擬方法分析 41
第四章 大空間建築中庭煙控性能之3DCFD電腦模擬與
動態避難分析 45
4.1 中庭建築蓄煙煙控性能分析 47
4.1.1 中庭建築蓄煙煙控性能之Zone Model模擬 47
4.1.2 中庭建築蓄煙煙控性能之Field Model模擬 49
4.1.3 中庭建築蓄煙煙控性能分析小結 61
4.2 中庭建築機械排煙煙沈積速度模擬 62
4.2.1 中庭機械排煙煙控系統之3DCFD模擬結果
與NFPA 92B之計算結果比較 63
4.2.2 探測器與防火捲門連動時間分析 68
4.2.3 中庭建築機械排煙之運轉策略 69
4.3 中庭建築之避難動態模擬分析 70
4.4 應用蒙地卡羅法之數量化風險評估 85
4.5 中庭建築結合煙控與避難動態模擬分析小結 90
第五章大空間之煙控系統全尺度實驗分析與印證 91
5.1 預備煙控之規劃與結果 91
5.2 發煙量設計 94
5.3 煙沈積速度量測系統規劃 95
5.4 實驗數據自動存取系統規劃 96
5.5 實驗設備與系統之規劃、架設與校正 97
5.6 正式全尺度煙控實驗之結果與分析 99
第六章 結論 105
參考文獻 107

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