本論文中，我們主要針對蜂巢式CDMA通訊系統的兩個會影響系統效能的因素：展頻數碼(spreading code)的保留週期和軟式換手(soft handoff) 的蜂巢含蓋範圍(cell coverage)，進行研究及數學分析。首先，我們利用語音及數據信號的特性設計一個新的數碼指定機制。也就是說，當傳送語音信號的用戶使用時，語音用戶具有較高的優先權，它可保留展頻數碼一段時間且此段時間可以持續好幾段話(talk spurts)。當傳送數據信號的用戶要使用時，它可利用未被指定的展頻數碼或借用被語音用戶保留的展頻數碼(語音用戶未傳送語音信號時)來傳送數據信號。此數碼指定機制可以藉由保留展頻數碼時間長短擴展至不同優先權的用戶。然後利用平衡點分析法(EPA)求出此系統的效能，一為對於傳送信號時間較敏感的用戶求其平均封包被刪除的機率，另一為對於傳送信號時間較不敏感的用戶求其傳送封包的平均延遲時間。最後，我們研究在蜂巢式CDMA系統中，將軟式換手的含蓋區域擴大或縮小對於新進系統的用戶及換手的用戶的影響。我們利用數學分析計算新進用戶被阻止進入系統的機率及換手用戶被阻斷的機率，我們發現當固定內部蜂巢(inner cell) 含蓋區域並且擴大外部蜂巢(outer cell)時，此二機率快速的增加；當固定外部蜂巢含蓋區域並且擴大內部蜂巢含蓋區域時，此二機率只有些微的減少。我們也討論當用戶許可控制機制(admission control)加入時，對於新進系統用戶及換手用戶的影響。

In this dissertation, we present mathematical analyses for a cellular CDMA communication system by investigating two important performance factors, the spreading code reservation periods and the cell coverage in soft handoff. First, an innovative code assignment scheme is presented by fully utilizing the characteristics of voice and data traffic. In other words, a voice terminal has higher priority to reserve a spreading code to transmit packets in multiple talk spurts, while a data terminal can only transmit packets by either employing the unassigned codes or borrowing the codes from the voice terminals during their silent periods. The code assignment scheme is then extended to analyze a priority-based CDMA system where the code reservation periods can be varied. Two performance measures, the average dropping probability for delay-sensitive traffic and the average packet delay for delay-insensitive traffic, are derived from the analytic models based on the equilibrium point analysis (EPA). Finally, for the cellular CDMA system, we study the influences of enlarging or shrinking the soft handoff coverage on the new-call blocking and the handoff-call dropping probabilities. From the mathematical analyses, we reveal that enlarging the outer cell while fixing the inner cell may significantly increase both blocking and dropping probabilities. On the other hand, if we enlarge the inner cell and fix the outer cell, the two probabilities can be reduced slightly. The impact of activating a call admission control on the proposed cellular CDMA system is also discussed.

List of Figures ………………………………………………………………… vi
List of Tables ……………………………………………………………………… ix
1. Introduction ………………………………………………………………… 1
1.1 Motivation and Objectives …………………………………………… 1
1.2 Organization …………………………………………………………… 4
2. Survey of Literatures ……………………………………………………… 5
2.1 Spread Spectrum and CDMA ……………………………………… 5
2.2 Code Assignment ……………………………………………………… 8
2.2.1 Traffic Models …………………………………………… 8
2.2.2 Multiple Access Protocols …………………………………… 11
2.2.3 Equilibrium Point Analysis ……………………………………… 16
2.3 Soft Handoff Coverage ……………………………………………… 18
2.3.1 Handoff Strategies ……………………………………………… 18
2.3.2 Call Admission Control ………………………………………… 20
2.3.3 Previous Works in Soft Handoff ……………………………… 21
3. A Code Assignment Scheme for Integrated Voice and Data Traffic ………………………………………………… 25
3.1 The Multiple Access Protocols ……………………………………… 25
3.2 Performance Evaluation Models …………………………………… 27
3.2.1 Voice Subsystem Model ………………………………………… 28
3.2.2 Data Subsystem Model ………………………………………… 37
3.3.3 Selection of Code Reservation Periods ………………………… 40
3.3 Numerical Results and Discussions ………………………………… 41
4. Priority-based CAS with Variable Reservation Periods …………………… 55
4.1 The Priority-based CAS ……………………………………………… 55
4.2 The Analytical Models ………………………………………………… 56
4.2.1 K-priority Subsystem Model …………………………………… 57
4.2.2 Priority-0 Subsystem Model …………………………………… 65
4.3 Analytical Results and Discussions …………………………………… 67
4.3.1 Increasing Three Higher-priority Users ………………………… 68
4.3.2 Increasing One of the Three Higher-priority Users ……………… 71
4.3.3 Effects of Changing the Permission Probability ………………… 75
5. A Soft Handoff Scheme with Variable Cell Coverage ……………………… 78
5.1 Soft Handoff Model …………………………………………………… 78
5.1.1 Soft Handoff Region …………………………………………… 78
5.1.2 Traffic Model …………………………………………………… 80
5.1.3 System Capacity ………………………………………………… 81
5.2 Performance Evaluation Model ……………………………………… 82
5.2.1 System-level Description ……………………………………… 82
5.2.2 Transition Probability of the Markov Model ………………… 84
5.2.3 Without Admission Control ……………………………………. 87
5.2.4 With Admission Control ………………………………………… 88
5.3 Analytical Results versus Simulation ………………………………… 89
5.3.1 Simulation Model …………………………………………… 90
5.3.2 Varying the Soft Handoff Coverage ………………………… 92
5.3.3 Varying the New-call Arrival Rates per Unit Area …………94
5.3.4 Varying the Number of Reserved Code Channels …… 95
5.3.5 Comparing with a Previous Work ……………………………… 97
5.3.6 Analytic Results versus Simulation ……………………………… 98
6. Conclusions and Future Works …………………………………………… 99
6.1 Conclusions …………………………………………………………… 99
6.2 Contributions ……………………………………………………… 101
6.3 Future Works ………………………………………………………… 102
Bibliography …………………………………………………………………… 104
Vita ……………………………………………………… 114

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