本論文主要探討改變有機太陽能電池及有機發光二極體之電極，利用石墨烯材料取代原先的ITO電極，並量測其光電特性。研究主要部分有:(1) 主動層P3HT (Poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl))不同厚度之特性影響、(2)太陽能電池主動層退火溫度探討、(3)混合不同主動層P3HT:PC60BM比例、(4)石墨烯電極之太陽能電池光電特性分析、(5) 有機發光二極體Rubrene摻雜濃度、(6)石墨烯電極之有機發光二極體光電特性分析。
太陽能電池研究部分，首先改變主動層P3HT (Poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl)) 厚度為 60、 70、 80、 130、 210 nm 之特性，發現當主動層厚度約80nm實驗結果顯示單層有機太陽能電池之開路電壓為0.825V、短路電流密度為4E-4 mA，並且，能量轉換效率為3.7E-5%為最佳特性，呈現出來的結果得知隨著主動層厚度之增加，元件主動層會有較佳的光子吸收度，在電極上之電荷收集能力較差。之後測量在大氣環境下將主動層P3HT:PC60BM依1:0、1:0.5和1:1比例發現當比例為1:1時候示開路電壓0.31V短路電流密度為2.61E-3mA能量轉換效率為1.64E-4為最佳特性，因混入PC60BM可以增加激子的接觸面，電子電動解離機率上升，使更多電荷被電極收集。最後，在大氣質量AM1.5G且光照度100mW/cm2的條件下，測得石墨烯太陽能電池的開路電壓(Voc) 0.761 V，短路電流(mA/cm2)4.092及轉換效率(PCE) 0.56%。
有機發光二極體的部分，客體材料摻雜濃度會影響元件發光效率，故設計元件結構為：石墨烯/ PEDOT: PSS (65 nm)/ PVK: x wt% Rubrene (65 nm)/ Al (100 nm)，其中摻雜5 wt% Rubrene的發光層有最佳光電特性：Vth=22.3V。在元件結構石墨烯/ PEDOT: PSS (65 nm)/ PVK: 5 wt% Rubrene (65 nm)/ Al (100 nm)，不同層數石墨烯有機發光二極體元件以雙層石墨烯之Vth最佳，但未能較ITO電極之有機發光二極體元件佳。

In this study, Organic solar cells with the Al/P3HT/PEDOT:PSS/ITO structure on glass substrate was investigated and examined the performance of the polymer solar cells by changing 60, 70 and 80nm thickness of the P3HT active layer. This device had better absorbance in the active layer and poor charges collect in the electrode with increase thickness of active layer were observed. It is found that the best properties that the single layer organic solar cell with open-circuit voltage 0.825 V, short-circuit current density 4E-4 mA and power conversion efficiency of 3.7E-5% was achieved under illumination 100 mW/cm2.
A single layer of organic solar cells with the Al/P3HT:PCBM/PEDOT: PSS/Graphene structure on glass substrate was investigated in this paper was investigated in this paper, and examined the performance of the polymer solar cells by changing the numbers of graphene layers. After that, we compared graphene solar cells to solar cells with ITO as an electrode. Graphene has excellent electronic properties, such as carrier mobility, high transparency which improve the light absorption of solar cells. We found that the best performance of our research was the solar cell with 2-layer Graphene as the electrode. It shows the properties of open-circuit voltage 0.761 V, short-circuit current 4.092 mA/〖cm〗^2 and power conversion efficiency 0.56%.
The second part of this study, the active layer of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) of PVK: Rubrene are measured OLEDs electrical-optical characteristics. OLEDs structures are Grpahene/ PEDOT: PSS (65 nm)/ PVK: x wt% Rubrene / Al (100 nm). Each device area is 0.0625cm2.
Because of the quenching effect, the active layer of OLEDs doped with 0, 5, 10, 15 wt% Rubrene are investigated. The OLED of the active layer doping with 5 wt% Rubrene has the best electrical-optical characteristics: threshold voltage of 22.3 V.
The structure of Grpahene/ PEDOT: PSS (65 nm)/ PVK: 5 wt% Rubrene / Al (100 nm) with different Graphene layers 1 to 3 are found that 2-layer has the lowest threshold voltage, however, higher than the device with ITO electrode.

論文審定書i
致謝 ii
中文摘要 iii
Abstract iv
目錄 vi
圖目錄 x
表目錄 xvi
第一章、緒論 1
1.1 石墨烯簡介 1
1.1.1石墨烯製備方法 2
1.2 太陽能電池發展世代 11
1.2.1高分子太陽能電池結構演進 13
1.2.2高分子共軛結構 14
1.2.3太陽能電池基本架構 15
1.2.4混合層異質界面結構有機太陽能電池P3HT:PCBM 17
1.3 有機電致發光之發展歷史 18
1.3.1 有機發光二極體 (OLED) 之簡介 18
1.3.2 高分子電激發光二極體 (PLED) 之簡介 20
1.3.3 OLED與PLED之比較 23
1.3.4發光二極體元件結構 25
1.4 研究動機 28
第二章、理論基礎 29
2.1 太陽能電池理論 29
2.1.1 材料設計 29
2.1.2 主動層型態 29
2.1.3 元件結構 30
2.2 高分子太陽能電池工作原理 30
2.2.1 入射光子的吸收 31
2.2.2 激子擴散和飄移 31
2.2.3 電荷分離 31
2.2.4 電荷收集 31
2.3 高分子太陽能電池效率分析 32
2.4 串並聯電阻的影響 35
2.5 太陽能元件量測 36
2.6 有機發光二極體原理與機制 38
2.6.1 有機發光二極體原理 38
2.6.2 發光機制 38
2.7 儀器理論 41
2.7.1 超音波震洗機 41
2.7.2 磁石攪拌器 42
2.7.3 旋轉塗佈機 43
2.7.4 電子束蒸鍍 44
2.7.5 紫外光/可見光光譜儀(UV-Vis) 46
2.7.6 太陽光譜模擬測量 47
2.7.7 拉曼光譜儀 49
第三章、實驗流程 51
3.1 太陽能電池實驗架構 51
3.1.1太陽能電池實驗材料 51
3.1.2太陽能電池藥品的配製 52
3.1.3太陽能電池實驗步驟 53
3.2 有機發光二極體實驗架構 56
3.2.1 有機發光二極體實驗材料 56
3.2.2 有機發光二極體溶液配製 57
3.2.3 有機發光二極體實驗步驟 57
第四章、結果與討論 60
4.1 薄膜特性量測 60
4.1.1 P3HT/Glass 60
4.1.2 P3HT:PCBM/Glass 62
4.1.3 Graphene/Glass 62
4.2 太陽能電池元件量測 65
4.2.1 Al/P3HT/PEDOT:PSS/ITO/Glass 66
4.2.2 Al/P3HT:PC60BM/PEDOT:PSS/ITO/Glass 68
4.2.3 Al/ P3HT:PC60BM /PEDOT:PSS/Graphene/Glass 69
4.3 有機發光二極體元件量測 71
4.3.1 PVK: x wt% Rubrene元件分析 72
4.3.2改變石墨烯層數分析 73
第五章、結論 74
參考文獻 76
Published 84

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