Responsive image
博碩士論文 etd-0520114-112715 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0520114-112715
論文名稱
Title
引進電子煙進入台灣市場之研究:企業社會責任觀點
A Study on Introducing Electronic Cigarette Products into the Taiwan Market: From a CSR Perspective
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
83
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2014-05-26
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2014-06-24
關鍵字
Keywords
煙草、吸煙者、Vapers、電子煙、Ecigs、企業社會責任
electronic cigarettes, corporate social responsibility, Ecigs, smokers, vapers, CSR, tobacco
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5809 次,被下載 877
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5809 times, has been downloaded 877 times.
中文摘要
  現在是電子煙品牌的關鍵時刻,在眾多不同的特定選擇條件下,消費者對電子煙感興趣並且願意嘗試。品牌建立應著重在vapers 對產品的第一印象。為了做到這一點,我們必須明白,為什麼吸煙者願意嘗試Ecigs,他們如何知道電子煙,是什麼原因促使他們的決定,為什麼有的後來選擇退出電子煙市場。
  我相信,情境特徵(如健康動機,好奇心或戒煙過程中產生的戒斷症狀),可以預測人們是否願意接納電子香煙市場。此外,跨國公司企業社會責任(CSR)活動,反映了煙草行業應用企業社會責任作為一種手段,對消費者注重責任,而不是在公司,加強了公司及其產品的知名度,並防止監管。基於煙草公司無法讓人信服的歷史,當市場上有人開發替代煙草產品,我相信吸煙者會很有意願採用其他煙草產品,例如電子香煙製造商或零售商等公開透明的公司,而不是藉由實踐企業社會責任來做市場推廣和銷售的煙草公司,推廣尼古丁替代療法的零售商。
  我的研究,採用探索性研究。將探討傳統吸煙者的態度和社會特徵,並且能確定煙草公司的行銷策略和銷售管道。
  質性研究能讓我們知道,情境特徵,如健康的動機,好奇心或戒煙的戒斷症狀可以預測人們是否願意採用電子香煙市場。此外,消費者有目的性的嘗試Ecigs,而不是僅僅因為想嘗試新奇事物,這會更容易顯示適應的習慣。如果我們參考了傳統吸煙者便利抽樣,我們可以看到其中的一些情境特質顯露出來。
Abstract
 Now is a crucial time for electronic cigarette brands because consumers who are interested in trying their products have a whole host of options. Brands should be focusing on the first impressions of new vapers. In order to do that, they should understand why smokers are trying Ecigs, how they are learning about them, what attributes are driving their decisions, and why some later chose to drop out of the electronic cigarette market.

 It is my belief that situational traits (such as health motivation, curiosity or the withdrawal symptoms of quitting smoking) can predict people's willingness to adopt electronic cigarettes into a market. In addition, multinational corporate social responsibility (CSR) campaigns reflect the
tobacco industry's use of CSR as a means to focus responsibility on consumers rather than on the corporation, bolster the companies' and their products' popularity, and to prevent regulation. Based on tobacco companies history of distrust when it comes to developing alternative tobacco products; it is also my belief smokers are more willing to adopt alternative tobacco products, such as electronic cigarettes from manufactures and retailers that practice more company transparency rather than nicotine replacement therapies marketed and sold by tobacco companies that practice CSR.

 Using the advantages of exploratory research I was also able to investigate the attitudes and social traits of traditional tobacco smokers as well as determine tobacco companies marketing strategies and distribution channels.

 The qualitative research suggests that situational traits, such as health motivation, curiosity or the withdrawal symptoms of quitting smoking can predict people's willingness to adopt electronic cigarettes into a market. Additionally, consumers who have a purpose in trying Ecigs, as opposed to just trying for novelty’s sake, are more likely to adapt the habit. If we reference a convenience sampling of traditional cigarette smokers we can see some of these situational traits come to light.
目次 Table of Contents
1. Introduction p.1
 1.1 Background p.1
 1.2 Research Purposes p.3
2. Literature Review p.5
 2.1 Big Tobacco CSR tactics p.5
  2.1.1 How Tobacco Companies Use CSR tactics p.6
  2.1.2 Comments p.7
 2.2 Transparency to Promote Public Health p.7
  2.2.1 Comments p.9
 2.3 Ecig Company Transparency and Tobacco CSR p.9
  2.3.1 CSR's Influence on Regulations p.11
  2.3.2 Comments p.12
 2.4 Situational Traits as a Predictor to Ecig Adoption p.12
  2.4.1 Comments p.13
 2.5 Understanding the Patterns and Use of Electronic Cigarettes p.13
  2.5.1 Comments p.15
3. Research Method p.16
 3.1 Literature Search p.16
 3.2 Qualitative Research Method and Procedures p.16
 3.3 Participants p.17
4. Analysis and Results p.19
 4.1 Analysis of Focus Group A p.19
  4.1.1 Information Source p.19
  4.1.2 Brand Preferences p.20
  4.1.3 Motivation to Quit Smoking p.21
  4.1.4 Smoking Bans and Non-Smoking Areas p.21
  4.1.5 Social Stigmas p.22
  4.1.6 Likelihood of Ecig Adoption p.24
  4.1.7 Most Important Product Attributes p.26
  4.1.8 Perceptions of Big Tobacco CSR p.27
  4.1.9 Results and Discussions p.28
   4.1.9.1 Perceptions p.28
   4.1.9.2 Key Indicators p.29
 4.2 Analysis of Focus Group B p.29
  4.2.1 Information Source p.30
  4.2.2 Product Knowledge p.31
  4.2.3 Motivation to Adopt Electronic Cigarettes p.31
  4.2.4 Customization and the Hobby Element p.32
  4.2.5 Health Concerns p.34
  4.2.6 Ownership p.36
  4.2.7 Most Important Product Attributes (Pros and Cons) p.36
  4.2.8 Social Stigmas p.38
  4.2.9 Perception of Growing Ecig Busines p.38
   4.2.9.1 Results and Discussions p.39
   4.2.9.2 Novelty or Purposeful Desire p.39
   4.2.9.3 Determinants of Satisfaction p.40
 4.3 Tobacco Company Executive Interview p.41
  4.3.1 Information Source p.41
  4.3.2 Target Market p.42
  4.3.3 Distribution Channels p.42
  4.3.4 Marketing Strategies p.43
  4.3.5 Sponsorship p.44
  4.3.6 Regulation p.44
  4.3.7 Building Brand and Consumer Loyalty p.46
  4.3.8 Perceptions of Electronic Cigarettes p.47
  4.3.9 Results and Discussions p.48
   4.3.9.1 Distribution Network p.48
   4.3.9.2 Key Marketing Strategies p.48
   4.3.9.3 Connecting with the End User p.49
5. Conclusions and Business Plan Proposal p.50
 5.0 Findings and Discussions p.50
  5.0.1 Behavioral Components p.50
  5.0.2 Predictors for Adoption p.50
  5.0.3 Youth Promotion p.51
  5.0.4 Questioning CSR Tactics and Ethics p.51
  5.0.5 Promotional Pieces p.53
  5.0.6 Drivers for Change p.54
 5.1 Smoker Marketing Challenges p.55
  5.1.1 Non-smoker Marketing Challenges p.55
  5.1.2 Stakeholders Marketing Challenges p.56
  5.1.3 STP for Electronic Cigarette Market in Taiwan p.56
 5.2 Development of Business Plan p.57
  5.2.1 Executive Summary p.57
  5.2.2 Objectives p.58
  5.2.3 Mission p.59
  5.2.4 Keys to Success p.59
  5.2.5 Products p.59
 5.3 Conclusion p.61
 5.4 Limitations and Suggestions for Future Research p.61

References p.63
Appendix
參考文獻 References
References

Aubin, H., Rollema, H., Svensson, T., and Winterer, G., (2012) Smoking, quitting, and psychiatric disease: A review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 36:271-284

Banerjee, S.B., (2008) Corporate Social Responsibility: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly. Crit Sociol 34: 51–79.

Barbeau, A., Burda, J., and Siegel, M., (2013). Perceived Efficacy of E-Cigarette Versus Nicotine Replacement Therapy Among Successful E-Cigarette Users: A Quantitative Approach. Addiction Science & Clinical Practice 2013, 8:5 http://www.ascpjournal.org/content/8/1/5

Barbeau, E.M., Kelder, G., Ahmed, S., Mantuefel, V., Balbach, E.D., (2005) From strange bedfellows to natural allies: the shifting allegiance of fire service organizations in the push for federal fire-safe cigarette legislation. Tobacco Control 14(5): 338–345.

Beccaria, C., (1995). On crimes and punishments. In R. Bellamy (Ed.) (R. Davies, Trans.),On crimes and punishments and other writings (1-113). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Original work published 1764)

Blake, J., Dowling, J., Flori, D., Merritt, W., Miller, A., et al., (1984) Workshop Dealing with the Issues Indirectly: Constituencies. Bates number 2025421972-2025421973. Accessed 25 March 2014.

Burstyn, I., (2014) Peering through the mist: Systematic review of what the chemistry of contaminants in electronic cigarettes tells us about health risks. BMC Public Health 14:18

Bullen, C., McRobbie, H., Thornley, S., Glover, M., Lin, R., & Laugesen, M., (2010) Effect of an electronic nicotine delivery device ( e cigarette) on desire to smoke and withdrawal, user preferences and nicotine delivery: Randomized cross-over trial. Tobacco Control I9(2): 98-103.

Cahn, Z. and Siegel, M., (2011) Electronic cigarettes as a harm reduction strategy for tobacco control: a step forward or a repeat of past mistakes? Public Health Policy 32: 1-16

Caponnetto, P., Campagna, D., Gibella, F., et al., (2013) Efficiency and safety of an electronic cigarette (ECLAT) as tobacco cigarette substitute: a prospective 12-month randomized control design study. Plos One 2013; 8:e66317

Carroll, A.B., (1979) A Three-Dimensional Conceptual Model of Corporate Performance. Acad Mgmt Rev 4(4): 497–505.

Clark, C.E., (2000) Differences between public relations and corporate social responsibility: an analysis. Public Relat Rev 26 (3): 363–380.

Consumer Advocates for Smokefree Alternatives, Electronic Cigarettes User Poll, CASAA.org

Davis, R.M., Gilpin, E.A., Loken, B., Viswanath, K., & Wakefield, M.A., (June 2008) National Cancer Institute Monograph 19: The Role of the Media in Promoting and Reducing Tobacco Use. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Available:http://cancercontrol.cancer.gov/tcrb/monographs/19/m19_complete.pdf. (Accessed 14 March 2014).

Dawkins, L., (2013) Electronic cigarettes: what are they and are they effective? E-Cigarette Summit, London, UK (oral presentation). Available at: http://e-cigarette-summit.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/Summit-Presentations.pdf (accessed March 14, 2014)

Denmick, B., (2009) A high-tech approach to getting a nicotine fix. Los Angles Times, 25 April, http://articles.latimes.com/2009/apr/25/world/fg-china-cigarettes25 (Accessed March 13 2014)

Doane, D., (2005) ‘The Myth of CSR.’. Stanford Social Innovation Rev. 3(3). : 22–29.

Eccles, Robert G., Herz, Robert H., Keegan, Mary E., & Phillips, David M.H., (2001) The ValueReporting Revolution: Moving Beyond the Earnings Game. New York :John Wiley & Sons

E-cigarette Forum, http://www.e-cigarette-forum.com/forum/ (Accessed March 26 2014)

Fooks GJ, Gilmore AB, Smith KB, Collin J, Holden C, et al., (2011) Corporate Social Responsibility and Access to Policy Élites: An Analysis of Tobacco Industry Documents. PLoS Med. 8. e1001076 p. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001076.

Friedman, L.C., (2007) Philip Morris's Website and Commercials Use New Language to Mislead the Public Into Believing It Has Changed Its Stance on Smoking and Disease. Tob Control 16: e9. (Accessed March 18, 2014).

Friedman, L.C., (2009) Tobacco Industry Use of Corporate Social Responsibility Tactics as a Sword and a Shield on Secondhand Smoke Issues. J Law Med Ethics 37(4): 819–827.

Garriga, E., Melé, D., (2004) Corporate Social Responsibility Theories: Mapping the Territory. J Bus Ethics 53(1–2): 51–71.

Hirschhorn, N., (2004) Corporate Social Responsibility and the Tobacco Industry: Hope or Hype? Tob Control 13: 447–543.

John, G., (2005) Deconstructing Corporate Social Responsibility. Institute of Public Affairs. Available:http://ipa.org.au/files/Gary Johns - Deconstruct CSR.pdf. (Accessed 14 March 2014).

Konstantinos, F.E., Polosa, R., (2014) Safety evaluation and risk assessment of electronic cigarettes as tobacco cigarette substitutes: A systematic review. Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety, February 13 2014 http://taw.sagepub.com/content/early/2014/02/12/2042098614524430 (Accessed March 16 2014)
Landman A, Ling PM, Glantz SA (2002) Tobacco Industry Smoking Prevention Programs: Protecting the Industry and Hurting Tobacco Control. Am J Public Health 92: 917–930.

Lee, S.Y., Carroll, C.E., (2011) The Emergence, Variation, and Evolution of Corporate Social Responsibility in the Public Sphere, 1980–2004: The Exposure of Firms to Public Debate. J Bus Ethics 1: 115–131.

Garriga E, Melé, D., (2004) Corporate Social Responsibility Theories: Mapping the Territory. J Bus Ethics 53(1–2): 51–71.

Lockyer, W., (2001) Philip Morris Book Covers (22 February 2001) . Bates number 2083608706. Available:http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/drh47c00. Accessed: 7 April 2014.

Mandel, L.L., Stella, A.B., & Glantz, S.A., (2006) Avoiding “Truth”: Tobacco Industry Promotion of Life Skills Training. J Adolesc Health 39: 868–879

McDaniel, P.A., Malone, R.E., (2009) Creating the “desired mindset”: Philip Morris's efforts to improve its corporate image among women. Women Health 49(5): 441–474.

NBC Affiliate, (Undated) Schools Upset Over Tobacco-Sponsored Book Covers. Bates number 2082835201A. Available at:http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/zsl55c00. Accessed: 18 April 2014.

Norr, R., (1952) Cancer by the Carton. Readers Digest. Bates number TIMN0105705/5707. (Accessed 14 March 2014).
Palazzo, G., Richter, U., (2005) CSR Business as Usual? The Case of the Tobacco Industry. J Bus Ethics 61: 387–401.

Philip Morris, (19 January 1999) PM 21 Overview. Bates number 2072737861/7899. Available:http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/tlu95c00. (Accessed 14 March 2014).

Philip Morris, (August, 2000) PM21 Message Development Focus Groups. Bates No. 2085289998. Available at http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/ain10c00. Accessed 14 March 2014.

Pierce, J., (2002) Harm reduction or harm maintenance? [Editorial]. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 4(Suppl. 2): S53-S54

Polosa, R., Rodu, B., Caponnetto, P., Maglia, M. and Raciti, C. (2013b) A fresh look at tobacco harm reduction: the case for the electronic cigarette. Harm Reduction 10: 19.

Providence Journal, (23 September 2000) Book Covers Cloud Messages on Tobacco Use. Bates number 2078881579A. Available:http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/bkn86c00. Accessed: 18 April 2014.
Purkayastha, D., (2001) BAT ramps up e-cigarette expansion as sales go up in smoke international business times (July 31, 2001). http://www.thefreelibrary.com/BATRamps-upE-cigaretteExpansionasSalesGoUpinSmoke.-a0338323170 (accessed March 19, 2014).

Ramsay, J.G. (1995) U.S. Exhibit 66,716, Draft Presentation, “JJM to PM Invitational Importance of Youth Issue – 10 minutes.” (February 10 1995) Bates number USX295707-USX295712. Available:http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/tax36b00. Accessed: April 9, 2014.

Rodgman, A., & Perfetti, T.A., (2009) The Chemical Components of Tobacco and Tobacco Smoke. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Saitta, D., Ferro, G., & Polosa, R., (2014) Achieving appropriate regulations for electronic cigarettes. Ther Adv Chronic Dis, February 13 2014 (Epup ahead of print). DOI: 10.117/204062231452171

Sethi, S.P., (1994) Multinational Corporations and the Impact of Public Advocacy on Corporate Strategy: Nestle and the Infant Formula Controversy. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Siegel, D.S., &Vitaliano, D.F., (2007) An Empirical Analysis of the Strategic Use of Corporate Social Responsibility. J Econ Manag Strategy 16: 773–792.

Smith, E.A., Malone, R.E., (2003) Altria Means Tobacco: Philip Morris's Identity Crisis. Am J Public Health 93: 553–556.

Stone, M., Siegel, M.B., (2004) Tobacco Industry Sponsorship of Community-Based Public Health Initiatives: Why AIDS and Domestic Violence Organizations Accept or Refuse Funds. J Public Health Manag Pract 10: 511–517.

Szczypka, G., Wakefield, M.A., Emery, S., Terry-McElrath, Y.M., Flay, B.R., et al., (2007) Working to make an image: an analysis of three Philip Morris corporate image media campaigns. Tob Control 16: 344–350.

Tesler, L.A., Malone, R.E., (December 2008) Corporate Philanthropy, Lobbying, and Public Health Policy. Am J Public Health 98: 2123–2133.

Thomson, G., (September 2005) Trust Us, We're Socially Responsible: The TRUTH Behind British American's Tobacco NZ's Corporate Social Responsibility Reports. Available:http://www.ash.org.nz/site_resources/library/Research_commisoned_by_ASH/Trust_us_we_re_socially_responsible.pdf. (Accessed February 1, 2014)

Tobacco Institute, (Undated). The development of tobacco industry strategy. Bates number TIMN0018970/8979. Available:http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/ddm03f00. Accessed 13 March 2014.

Union of Concerned Scientists, (January 2007) Smoke, Mirrors and Hot Air: How ExxonMobil Uses Big Tobacco's Tactics to Manufacture Uncertainty on Climate Science. Cambridge, MA: Union of Concerned Scientists. Available: http://www.ucsusa.org/assets/documents/global_warming/exxon_report.pdf. (Accessed 14 March 2014).

US Food and Drug Administration, (2009) FDA and public health experts warn about electronic cigarettes. FDA news release, 22 July, http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncments/ucmI73222.htm (Accessed March 15 2014)
US Pharmacopeia, (2013) Elemental impurities limits. Available at :http://www.usp.org/sites/default/files/usp_pdf/EN/USPNF/key-issues/c232_final.pdf (Accessed March 20 2014)

Walls, T., (1994) CAC Presentation # 5 Draft. (July 12, 1994) Bates number 2040235797. Available:http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/dck35e00. Accessed 13 March 2014.

Wiist, W., (2011) The corporate play book, health, and democracy: the snack food and beverage industry's tactics in context. In: Stuckler D, Siegel , K , editors. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

White, L., (1991) Ethical Considerations of Accepting Financial Support from the Tobacco Industry. Bates number TI06510995-TI06511007. Accessed 14 March 2014.

WHO-IARC, (2004) IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. Vol. 83, tobacco smoke and involuntary smoking. Available at: http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol83/mono83.pdf. (Accessed March 20 2014)

World Health Organization, (2012) (February 2003) Tobacco industry and corporate responsibility … an inherent contradiction. Available:http://www.who.int/tobacco/communications/CSR_report.pdf. (Accessed February 1 2014).

Yerger, V.B., Malone, R.E., (2002) African American leadership groups: smoking with the enemy. Tob Control 11: 336–345.

Zadek, S., (2004) The Path to Corporate Responsibility. Harvard Business Review 82: 125–132.
電子全文 Fulltext
本電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的,進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定,切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送,以免觸法。
論文使用權限 Thesis access permission:自定論文開放時間 user define
開放時間 Available:
校內 Campus: 已公開 available
校外 Off-campus: 已公開 available


紙本論文 Printed copies
紙本論文的公開資訊在102學年度以後相對較為完整。如果需要查詢101學年度以前的紙本論文公開資訊,請聯繫圖資處紙本論文服務櫃台。如有不便之處敬請見諒。
開放時間 available 已公開 available

QR Code