美國政府的結構導致美國各州彼此競爭，爭相取得流動資本。有立法支援經濟、保障個人自由與經濟聚集發展的州較能吸引移民。本研究使用2004年到2007年的州級資料，採用收入的重力分析，使用多元線性回歸模式衡量移民流。經濟、個人以及整體的自由能吸引移民且提升循環，這意味著低稅收的小政府、較低的干預與較低的家長主義與較高的移民流入以及較高的流動率相關聯。創意可以增長循環，但並不能吸引移民。聚集經濟會鼓勵人才流通，但不會吸引移民，這可能是因為大政府以及高花費的緣故。教育程度亦無法吸引移民或提升循環。較高的人口與較高的跨州產品能提升循環。高犯罪率、較冷的氣候、移民出發地與目的地之距離與移民流皆呈負相關。

The governmental structure of the U.S. leads states to compete against each other for mobile capital. Migrants should be attracted to states which have institutions supporting economic and personal freedom and well developed agglomeration economies. This study uses a gravity-type analysis of income weighted migration flows with thirty multivariate linear regression models using 2004 to 2007 state level data. Economic, personal and overall freedom, attract migrants and promote circulation, suggesting that small government with lower taxes, less intervention, fewer regulations and less paternalism are associated with both higher inflows of migrants and higher rates of circulation. Creativity increases circulation but does not attract migrants. Agglomeration economies encourage ‘brain circulation’, but do not attract migrants possibly due to larger governments and higher costs. Education level neither attracts new migrants nor increases circulation. Larger populations and higher Gross State Product increase circulation. Higher crime rates, colder climate, and increasing distance from origin to destination are negatively associated with migration.

Thesis Approval Sheet i
Acknowledgements ii
Abstract (Mandarin) iii
Abstract (English) iv
Chapter 1: Introduction 1
Chapter 2: Literature Review 7
2.1 Interstate Migration 7
2.2 The Role of Institutions 11
2.3 The Role of Agglomerations 15
Chapter 3: Data, Hypotheses and Models 22
3.1 Dependent Variable – Income flow from State (o) to State (d) (IncMig log) 22
3.2 Independent Variables – Institutions 23
3.2.1 Mercatus Economic Freedom Index (MEFGAIN and MEFPROD) 24
3.2.2 Mercatus Personal Freedom Index (MPFGAIN and MPFPROD) 24
3.2.3 Mercatus Overall Freedom Index (MOFGAIN and MOFPROD) 25
3.2.4 Fraser Economic Freedom Index (FRASERGAIN and FRASERPROD) 25
3.2.5 Fraser/Mercatus Freedom Index (FRASERMPFGAIN and FRASERMPFPROD) 26
3.3 Independent Variables – Agglomerations 27
3.3.1 Creativity Index Variables (CREATEGAIN and CREATEPROD) 28
3.3.2 Education (EDUGAIN and EDUPROD) 28
3.4 Control Variables 29
3.4.1 Gross State Product (STATEPROD) 29
3.4.2 Population Product (POPPROD) 30
3.4.3 Distance (DIST log) 31
3.4.4 Shared Border (BORDER) – Dummy Variable 31
3.4.5 Heating Degree Days (HEATINGGAIN) 32
3.4.6 Homicide Rate (HOMICIDEGAIN) 33
3.5 Models and Equations 33
Chapter 4: Data Analysis and Results 38
4.1 Descriptive Statistics 38
4.2 Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis Reports 40
4.3 Results 41
4.3.1 Institutions Results 41
4.3.2 Agglomerations Results 43
4.4 Pearson Correlation Matrix of the Independent Variables 45
4.5 Discussion 47
4.6 Hypothesis Results Summary 54
Chapter 5: Conclusions, Implications and Suggestions for Research 56
References 62
Appendices 69

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