本論文提出可適用於金屬邊框及金屬機殼手機的開槽孔LTE天線設計。第一個天線設計利用三支路開槽孔共用金屬邊框上的一開口，各支路分別在低、中及高頻產生共振模態，再搭配匹配電路增加模態的頻寬，使得此天線僅在高度7 mm，即能涵蓋三寬頻698~960 MHz、1710~2690 MHz及3400~3800 MHz的操作。第二個天線設計延續第一個設計的結構大幅降低高度至2mm，以減少對周邊電子元件的影響，使得天線可以結合金屬機殼，使機殼兼具美觀及實用性。在此高度下仍可包含824~960 MHz及1710~2690 MHz的操作，若再搭配可變電容調整低頻模態，則可涵蓋698~960 MHz及1710~2690 MHz的操作頻寬。而為因應4G時代的高傳輸速率，結合前兩章設計提出封包相關係數低於0.1的雙天線結構，來應用於MIMO系統，使通道容量大幅增加，並分析使用者手握住手機時所影響的通道容量幅度。

The open-slot antennas capable of providing the LTE operation for the metal-framed/metal-casing smartphone are provided. The first antenna comprises three branch slots sharing a same opening on the metal frame of the smartphone. Each branch can contribute its fundamental resonant mode in the desired low band, middle band, and high band. The antenna has a low profile of 7 mm. With the aid of a broadband matching circuit, the antenna can provide a triple-wideband LTE operation to cover the 698~960/1710~2690/3400~3800 MHz bands. The second antenna follows the design rule of the first antenna, yet the antenna shows a low profile of 2 mm only. The second antenna can hence make it easy to integrate with the electronic components nearby and also integrate with the metal casing of the smartphone. With such a compact size, the antenna can still cover the 824~960/1710~2690 MHz bands. When variable capacitors are applied, the second antenna can further cover the 698~960 MHz and 1710~2690 MHz operation. For the 4G MIMO application, the first and second antennas are combined for the MIMO operation with the ECC thereof less than 0.1. The MIMO channel capacity can reach about 8.8 bps/Hz, which is much larger than that of the single antenna. Effects of the user’s hand on the MIMO performance are also analyzed.

論文審定書 i
致謝 ii
中文摘要 iii
英文摘要 iv
目錄 v
圖次 vii
表次 ix
第一章 序論 (Introduction) 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 文獻導覽 2
1.3 論文提要 3
第二章 應用於金屬邊框手機之低姿勢LTE三寬頻三支路開槽孔天線 (Low-Profile Open-Slot Antenna with Three Branch Slots for Triple-Wideband LTE Operation in the Metal-Framed Smartphone) 5
2.1 三支路開槽孔天線設計分析 5
2.2 實驗結果與分析 14
2.3 心得與討論 17
第三章 應用於金屬機殼手機之開槽孔LTE天線 (Open-Slot Antenna for the LTE Operation in the Metal-Casing Smartphone) 18
3.1 金屬背蓋天線設計及可變電容應用 18
3.2 金屬背蓋材質參數分析 26
3.3 心得與討論 31
第四章 開槽孔LTE天線之MIMO效能及使用者手部影響分析 (MIMO Performance of the Open-Slot LTE Antenna and User’s Hand Effects) 32
4.1開槽孔LTE天線之MIMO效能 32
4.2使用者手部對於MIMO天線效能之影響分析 39
4.3心得與討論 46
第五章 結論 (Conclusions) 48
參考文獻 (References) 51
著作表 (Publication List) 54

[1]B. Yuan, Y. Cao, G. Wang and B. Cui, “Slot antenna for metal-rimmed mobile handsets,” IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol.11, pp. 1334-1337, 2012.
[2]J. Zhong, K.K. Chen and X. Sun, “A novel multi-band antenna for mobile phone with metal frame,” International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing, pp. 1-4, 2012
[3]LTE Frequency Bands & Spectrum Allocations-a summary and tables of the LTE frequency band spectrum allocations for 3G & 4G LTE - TDD and FDD, http://www.radio-electronics.com/
[4]K.L. Wong and T.W. Weng, “Small-size triple-wideband LTE/WWAN tablet device antenna,” IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol 12, pp. 1516-1519, 2013.
[5]K.L. Wong and T.W. Weng, “Small-size triple-wideband LTE tablet device Antenna with a wideband feed structure formed by integrated matching network,” Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 56, pp. 2507-2512, 2014.
[6]K.L. Wong and Z.G. Liao, “Passive reconfigurable triple-wideband antenna for LTE tablet computer,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 63, pp. 901-908, 2015.
[7]K.L. Wong, P.W. Lin and C.H. Chang, “Simple printed monopole slot antenna for penta-band WWAN operation in the mobile handset,” Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 53 , pp. 1399-1404, 2011.
[8]K.L. Wong and P.W. Lin, “Integration of monopole slot and monopole strip for internal WWAN handset antenna,” Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 54, pp. 1718-1723, 2012.
[9]C.I. Lin and K.L. Wong, “Printed monopole slot antenna for internal multiband mobile phone antenna,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 55, pp. 3690-3697, 2007.
[10]K.L. Wong and L.C. Lee, “Multiband printed monopole slot antenna for WWAN operation in the laptop computer,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 57, pp. 324-330, 2009.
[11]K.L. Wong and S.N. Hsu, “Small-size two-branch monopole antenna with integrated wideband matching network for LTE tablet computer,” Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 57, pp. 507-513, 2015.
[12]http://www.ansys.com/Products/Simulation+Technology/Electronics/Signal+Integrity/ANSYS+HFSS, ANSYS HFSS.
[13]Z. Liu and K. Boyle, “Bandwidth enhancement of a quarter-wavelength slot antenna by capacitive loading,” Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett., vol 51, pp. 2114-2116, 2009.
[14]K.L. Wong and P.W. Lin, “Low-profile multi-branch monopole antenna with integrated matching circuit for LTE/WWAN/WLAN operation in the tablet computer,” Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 56, pp. 1662-1666, 2014.
[15]K.L. Wong and L.Y. Chen, “Small-size LTE/WWAN tablet device antenna with two hybrid feeds,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 62, pp. 2926-2934, 2014.
[16]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_conductivity, Electrical resistivity and conductivity.
[17]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permeability_(electromagnetism), Permeability (electromagnetism).
[18]S.R. Best, “A Discussion on Electrically Small Antennas Loaded with High Permittivity and Permeability Materials”, The MITRE Corporation, 2011.
[19]M.S. Sharawi, “Printed multi-band MIMO antenna systems and their performance metrics,” IEEE Antennas and Propag. Mag., vol. 55, pp. 218–232, 2013.
[20]Y.L. Ban, S. Yang, Z. Chen, K. Kang, and J.L.W. Li, “Decoupled planar WWAN antennas with T-shaped protruded ground for smartphone applications,” IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol 13, pp. 483–486, 2014.
[21]D. Andreuccetti, R. Fossi, and C. Petrucci, “An internet resource for the calculation of the dielectric properties of body tissues in the frequency range 10 Hz–100 GHz,” http://niremf.ifac.cnr.it/tissprop/
[22]C.M. Su, C.H. Wu, K.L. Wong, S.H. Yeh and C.L. Tang, “User's hand effects on EMC internal GSM/DCS dual-band mobile phone antenna,” Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 48, pp. 1563-1569, 2006.
[23]C.H. Wu, K.L. Wong, C.I. Lin, C.M. Su, S.H. Yeh and C.L. Tang, “Simplified hand model including the user's forearm for the study of internal GSM/DCS mobile phone antenna,” Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 48, pp. 2202-2205, 2006.