摘要
本研究棣屬於FATES研究計畫，為高屏河-海運輸系統中陸源物質之整合研究的一部份。工作內容主要係以台灣西南海域所採集的沉積物為樣本，進行含水率、有機碳、碳酸鈣、顆粒粒徑、P波速度與放射性核種210Pb與137Cs活度分析，以探討台灣西南海域沉積物組成與特性及沉積速率分佈情形。
蒐集的30根岩心依據採樣地形分為：高屏陸棚、陸坡與峽谷區。有機碳含量在陸棚區的ORI732-ST31站位有高值(1.53 %)，其餘站位介於0.20~0.93 %。碳酸鈣含量在ORI732-ST18 (陸坡)、30 (陸棚)與ORI779-ST1 (陸棚)、ST12 (陸坡)有高值，在這四個站位碳酸鈣含量大多高於4%。由於沉積速率較其它站位低，推測這四個站位受陸源物質稀釋作用小，所以碳酸鈣含量高。棚坡區，隨著水深增加
，顆粒平均粒徑有變小的趨勢，但在峽谷區，反而在離岸較遠處顆粒平均粒徑較大，推測在離岸較遠的站位，沉積物來源除了高屏溪外，還有其它地區提供。
由210Pb定年結果顯示：陸棚區沉積速率介於0.073~0.168 cm/yr
，陸坡與峽谷區沉積速率分別為0.033~0.67 cm/yr與0.094~0.411
cm/yr。陸棚區沉積速率皆低於0.2 cm/yr，但陸坡及峽谷區，共有五個站位沉積速率超過0.2 cm/yr，最高可達0.670 cm/yr (ORI779-ST9)，顯示沉積中心是在陸坡區水深302~822 m與峽谷區水深975~
1156 m處。
在某些站位，於沉積物表層或次表層出現異常的210Pbex活度低值，推測此現象可能為颱風所引起的濁流沉積物。根據中央氣象局資料，於岩心採樣當年（2005年）有七個颱風侵台(7~10月)，其中又以海棠所帶來的雨量最多，且於海棠颱風之前(2005年7月)的航次，沉積物中並無濁流層，故推測上述濁流層可能為海棠颱風造成
。此外，水深超過700 m尚有濁流沉積物出現，顯示偶發性的濁流事件是將顆粒往離岸方向傳輸的重要方式之一。

Abstract
This study belongs to one part of FATES research program, which studies the fate of terrestrial substances in Kaoping river-sea system. The task is to study the components and properties of sediments and spatial distribution of sedimentation rates off the southwest Taiwan by analyzing water content, TOC, CaCO3, grain size, P-wave velocity and radionuclides 210Pb and 137Cs in sediments.
Thirty cores collected for this study were divided into three groups based on topography and they are Kaoping continental shelf, slope and canyon. The highest TOC content is 1.53 % in ORI732-ST31 and TOC content ranges from 0.20~0.93 % for the rest of sediments from other stations. The highest CaCO3 content is found in ORI732-ST18, 30, ORI779-ST1, and ST12. Most of the CaCO3 content is greater than 4% at these four stations. Probably because of the lower sedimentation rates that result in less terrestrial substances for diluting the CaCO3. In the shelf and slope regions, the distribution of grain size progressively decreases as the water depth increases. Grain size in the stations farther down the canyon, however, is coarser than those at upper canyon. It suggests that there is other sediment source for stations in the canyon in addition to the Kaoping river.
The sedimentation rates derived from 210Pbex profiles range from 0.073~0.168 cm/yr in shelf, 0.033~0.670 and 0.094~0.411 cm/yr in continental slope and canyon, respectively. Sedimentation rates are all less than 0.2 cm/yr in the shelf area, but there are five stations with sedimentation rates higher than 0.2 cm/yr in the slope and canyon areas. Among the five stations, the sedimentation rate is up to 0.670 cm/yr (ORI779-ST9), suggesting that 302~822 m deep in the slope and 975~1156 m deep in the canyon are the deposition centers.
In some stations, anomalously low 210Pbex activities exist in surface or sub-surface sediments, indicating that the low 210Pbex activity sediments may be typhoon-induced turbidite sediments. According to Central Weather Bureau’s typhoon catalog, in the year of coring there were seven typhoons striking Taiwan. Among these typhoons, Hai-tang was the strongest one, suggesting that the turbidite sediments mentioned above were likely caused by typhoon Hai-tang. Besides, turbidite sediments appear at water depth of over 700 m, indicating episodic turbidite events are an important way to transport particles offshore.

目錄
誌謝……………………………………………………I
中文摘要…………………………………………… II
英文摘要………………………………………………IV
目錄……………………………………………………VII
圖目錄…………………………………………………X
表目錄…………………………………………………XII
壹、緒論 ………………………………………………1
1-1前言 ……………………………………………1
1-2研究區域 ………………………………………7
1-3研究目的 ………………………………………11
貳、研究材料及方法……………………………………13
2-1 採樣地點………………………………………13
2-2 沉積物採樣及分樣方法………………………13
2-3 樣本前處理……………………………………16
2-4 分析方法………………………………………16
2-4-1 含水率…………………………………16
2-4-2 有機碳和碳酸鹽含量分析……………16
2-4-3 顆粒粒徑分析…………………………18
2-4-4 P波速度………………………………18
2-4-5 210Pb、214Pb及137Cs活度分析……19
2-4-6 沉積速率之計算……………………20
參、結果…………………………………………………23
3-1 含水率…………………………………………23
3-2 有機碳和碳酸鹽含量…………………………29
3-3 顆粒粒徑………………………………………40
3-4 聲學性質：P波速度…………………………46
3-5 210Pbex活度垂直剖面………………………50
3-5-1 由210Pbex估算沉積速率………………50
3-5-2 表面混合層……………………………58
3-5-3 沉積速率分佈…………………………59
3-6 137Cs活度垂直剖面…………………………62
肆、討論…………………………………………………64
4-1 由含水率與210Pbex活度判斷側向傳輸沉積物…64
4-2 碳酸鈣含量與陸源物質稀釋作用……………66
4-3 含水率隨顆粒粒徑變化………………………66
4-4 P波速度與粒徑、含水率關係………………70
4-5 表層沉積物210Pbex活度隨水深變化………72
4-6 顆粒平均粒徑與210Pbex活度關係……………74
4-7 濁流層…………………………………………77
4-8 137Cs與210Pb兩種定年結果之比較…………81
伍、結論…………………………………………………87
陸、參考文獻……………………………………………89
中文部分……………………………………………89
英文部分 ……………………………………………90
附錄一、137Cs活度資料…………………………………97

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