本研究於台灣南部某工業區進行揮發性有機物(Volatile Organic Compounds, VOCs)之檢測，探討污染物濃度於冬夏兩季(S1、S2、W1及W2)及時段性之時空分布，並以各VOCs物種之最大增量反應性(MIR)推估其臭氧生成潛勢(OFP)及使用因子分析推估其可能污染源。
檢視園區內VOCs物種主要為醇類、烷類及芳香族類為主，其中夏季主要以甲醇(S1：55.4 ppb；S2：8.0 ppb)、甲苯(S1：10.1 ppb；S2：6.3 ppb)、異戊烷(S1：9.0 ppb；S2：66.9 ppb)及正戊烷(S1：2.3 ppb；S2：20.1 ppb)為主；冬季主要以甲醇(W1：29.6 ppb；W2：10.6 ppb)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(W1：8.7 ppb；W2：0.1 ppn)、甲苯(W1：6.8 ppb；W2：2.6 ppb)及丙酮(W1：6.9 ppb；W2：6.0 ppb)為主。統計上午、下午及夜間3時段VOCs濃度特徵，均是以烷類及醇類為大宗，受日照度強、夜間逆溫層發生、風速較低及人為活動影響，使VOCs除烷類以外，其餘種類於下午及夜間時段之濃度有上升的趨勢。而TVOC濃度以夏季第二次(S2)149.1 ppb > 夏季第一次(S1)132.7 ppb > 冬季第一次(W1)79.5 ppb >冬季第二次(W2)28.5 ppb。
園區外VOCs，S2以烷類及醇類為主；W2以醇類及腈類為主，TVOC方面S2(129.3 ppb) > W2(34.4 ppb)，結果顯示2次園區外VOCs特徵與區內相似，應受到園區內排放源之影響。
臭氧生成潛勢方面，是以最大增量反應性計算而成，S1之OFP值為557.7 g-O3/m3，OFP/TVOC約為5.0；S2之OFP值為516.7 g-O3/m3，OFP/TVOC約為2.7；W1之OFP值為506.8 g-O3/m3，OFP/TVOC約為4.5；W2之OFP值為68.1 g-O3/m3，OFP/TVOC約為1.8。其中S1及W1之高OFP值物種皆為芳香族及酯類；S2之高OFP值物種為烷類及芳香族類；W2之高OFP值物種為芳香族及酮類，整體而言芳香族及酯類為反應性較高的物種。
以主成分分析解析VOCs濃度方面，夏季之排放貢獻源包括印刷電路板產業、建築塗料逸散、塑料製造業、移動源、加油站逸散、有機溶劑及半導體產業；冬季之排放貢獻源包括加油站、移動源、有機溶劑、印刷電路板產業、煉油業、塑料製造業及半導體產業。

This study measured ambient concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in industrial park in Southern Taiwan. The spatial distribution was investigated during different time periods and seasons(S1,S2,W1 and W2). The ozone formation potential (OFP) of VOCs species were evaluated based on the maximum incremental reactivity (MIR). Also, this study using factor analysis to estimate the polluted source.
The seasons distribution of VOCs showed most abundant species included methanol (S1:55.4ppb; S2:8.0ppb), toluene(S1:10.1ppb; S2:6.3ppb), isopentane (S1: 9.0ppb; S2: 66.9 ppb) and pentane (S1: 2.3 ppb; S2: 20.1 ppb) in summer, while methanol (W1:29.6 ppb; W2:10.6 ppb), methyl methacrylate (W1:8.7 ppb; W2:0.1 ppb), toluene (W1:6.8 ppb; W2:2.6 ppb) and acetone (W1:6.9 ppb; W2:6.0 ppb) in winter. The time periods distribution of VOCs showed most abundant categories included alkanes and alcohols in three periods.Affected by sunshine, inversion layer, lower wind speed and Human activities, the concentration of VOCs were increased in the afternoon and evening except alkanes. The TVOC concentratiom was S2(149.1 ppb) > S1(132.7 ppb) >W1(79.5 ppb) > W2(28.5 ppb).
The concentration of VOCs out of the park showed most abundant categories included alkanes and alcohols in S2 and W2 were both alcohols and nitrile. The TVOC concentration was S2 (129.3 ppb) higher than W2 (34.4 ppb). Two sampling results of outside the park were similar with to that of the park, showed it was affected by sources within the park.
In S1, the OFP was 557.7 g-O3/m3, OFP/TVOC was 5.0. In S2 the OFP was 516.7 g-O3/m3, OFP/TVOC was 2.7. In W1 the OFP was 506.8 g-O3/m3, OFP/TVOC was 4.5. In W2 the OFP was 68.1 g-O3/m3, OFP/TVOC was 1.8.The highest OFP categories in S1 and W1 were aromatic and esters, aromatic and alkanes in S2, and aromatic and kentones in W2. Overall, aromatic and esters were the higher reactive categories.
The results from principal component analysis showed the predominant source included Printed circuit board industry, architectural coatings, plastics manufacturing, mobile sources, gas stations, organic solvents and semiconductor industries in summer. The predominant source included Gas stations, mobile sources, organic solvents, the printed circuit board industry, oil refining, plastics manufacturing and semiconductor industries in winter.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT III
目錄 V
表目錄 VIII
圖目錄 XI
第一章 前言 1
1.1研究源起 1
1.2研究目標 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1 園區概況 3
2.2 大氣揮發性有機物 (VOCs)之性質 3
2.3 大氣揮發性有機物 (VOCs)排放源 7
2.3.1 揮發性有機物之移動源 9
2.3.2 揮發性有機物之生物源 12
2.3.3 揮發應有機物之固定源 13
2.4 揮發性有機物之影響 15
2.4.1 光化學反應 15
2.4.2 光反應性指標 19
2.4.3揮發性有機物對人體之危害 23
2.4 因子分析/主成分分析 24
第三章 實驗方法與流程 27
3.1 研究架構 27
3.2採樣與規劃 28
3.2.1採樣點描述 28
3.2.2採樣流程 30
3.2.3採樣時程與規劃 31
3.2.4監測項目 31
3.3採樣及分析設備 34
3.3.1採樣設備 34
3.3.2分析儀器 34
3.4品保及品管作業 (QA/QC) 37
3.4.1空白實驗. 37
3.4.2檢量線製備 38
3.4.3方法偵測極限 38
3.4.4準確度與精密度 41
3.5因子分析/主成分分析理論基礎 46
第四章 結果與討論 49
4.1 園區內揮發性有機物濃度 49
4.1.1 揮發性有機物之季節分布 49
4.1.2 園區揮發性有機物之時段分布 75
4.2 園區外揮發性有機物濃度 83
4.3 氣象因子與揮發性有機物之相關性 85
4.4 園區內臭氧生成潛勢 86
4.4.1 季節性臭氧生成潛勢 86
4.4.2 時段性臭氧生成潛勢 93
4.5 園區外臭氧生成潛勢 103
4.6 主成分分析結果 106
第五章 結論與建議 113
5.1 結論 113
5.2 建議 116
參考文獻 117
附錄A 122

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