本實驗主要為觀測及分析呼吸式微型直接甲醇燃料電池之性能與流道內流場，包含速度場、溫度場及濃度場。陽極流道板之結構採蛇形狀(serpentine)設計，而陰極流道板採樹枝狀(dendrite)之設計。本實驗中針對陽極進料之甲醇濃度與甲醇流量作為主要操作參數探討V-I及P-I曲線，並使用微質點影像測速儀(μPIV)、雷射誘發微螢光(μLIF)及熱電偶(thermocouple)觀測於μDMFC陽極流道之速度場、溫度場及濃度場與陰極流道之溫度場，進而分析雷諾數(Re)、摩擦因子(f)、熱傳量(q")、熱對流係數(h)與紐塞數(Nu)，並分析得到雷諾數與摩擦因子之關係式f=46Re-095及雷諾數與紐塞數之關係式Nu=0.176Re0.035，而可由濃度場得到質傳之關係式Sh=0.05Sc0.035。

This study is mainly for the observation and analysis of an air-breathing micro direct methanol fuel cell performance and flow fields, including velocity, temperature, and concentration field. Anode flow plate is shaped in serpentine, and cathode flow plate is in dendrite-type. In this experiment, the methanol concentration and the methanol flow rate of the anode were taken as the operating parameters to discuss V-I and P-I curves. Moreover, micro particle image velocimetry (μPIV)、micro laser-induced fluorescent (μLIF), and thermocouples were also adapted to measure the flow, temperature, concentration field of anode, and the temperature field of cathode. Then, the result of the pressure drop, Reynolds number (Re), heat flux (q"), convection heat transfer coefficient (h), and concentration gradient can be obtained. Moreover, the friction factor (f) and Nusselt number (Nu) can be correlated in term of the related Re, of which each has form f=46Re-095 and Nu=0.176Re0.035, respectively. Through the Reynolds analogy, we can get the Schmidt number (Sc) and Sherwood number (Sh) with the form Sh=0.05Sc0.035.

誌謝 i
ABSTRACT ii
CHINESE ABSTRACT iii
CONTENTS iii
LIST OF FIGURE v
LIST OF TABLE vii
NOMENCLATURE ix
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background 1
1.2 History and Introduction to fuel cells 3
1.3 Literature survey 7
1.4 Objective and Motivation 30
CHAPTER 2 PRINCIPLE AND COMPONENTS 35
2.1 Principle of DMFC 35
2.2 Main component 38
2.3 Design of Fuel Cell 44
CHAPTER 3 EXPERIMENTS 49
3.1 Experimental apparatus 49
3.2 μPIV /μLIF system apparatus 51
3.3 Experimental Device and Material 52
3.4 Working fluid preparation 54
3.5 Principle of μPIV/μLIF measurement system and system setup 55
CHAPTER 4 Theoretical Background 68
4.1 Electrode Thermodynamics 68
4.2 Polarization 75
4.3 Methanol Crossover 79
CHAPTER 5 DATA REDUCTION AND UNCERTAINTIES 84
CHAPTER 6 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 88
6.1 Effect of operating condition on the performance of DMFC 89
6.2 Velocity Field of μDMFC 92
6.3 Temperature Field of μDMFC 95
6.4 Concentration Field of μDMFC 99
CHAPTER 7 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 122
7.1 Conclusion 122
7.2 Future Prospects 124
REFERENCES 125
APPENDIX A 137
APPENDIX B 144

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