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博碩士論文 etd-0602101-114429 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0602101-114429
論文名稱
Title
南海中北部海域Trichodesmium密度之分布及影響Trichodesmium分布之生態因子
The distribution of Trichodesmium in the South China Sea and the ecological factors that affect it
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
165
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2000-05-04
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2001-06-02
關鍵字
Keywords
葉綠素a、颱風、束毛藻、南海、磷酸鹽、硝酸鹽
South China Sea, Trichodesmium, SRP, Chl.a, Typhoon, Nitrate
統計
Statistics
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The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5698 times, has been downloaded 2205 times.
中文摘要
摘要
本研究探討南海Trichodesmium密度之分布及影響Trichodesmium分布的生態因子,調查期間自1999年8月至2000年10月,共5個航次,採樣期間集中在夏秋季,包括559航次(1999年8月18-25日)、629航次(2000年5月22-27日)、588航次(2000年7月3-14日)、597航次(2000年10月4-13日)及657航次(2000年10月16-21日),採樣地點涵蓋南海中部至北部之陸棚、陸坡及海盆海域,在13-22°N、114-120°E範圍內。
南海Trichodesmium密度,在陸棚、陸坡與海盆間差異頗大,陸棚、陸坡海域可能因接受黑潮水與沿岸帶來物質混合的影響,Trichodesmium密度較高,表水平均為150±297×103trichomes/m3(4-1008×103trichomes/m3),水柱2-60m平均為151±322×103trichomes/m3(13-1114×103trichomes/m3);海盆中Trichodesmium密度較低,表水平均為5±7×103trichomes/m3(0-22×103trichomes/m3),水柱2-60m平均為6±7×103trichomes/m3(0-22×103trichomes/m3)。Trichodesmium種類以T. thiebautii及T. erythraeum為主,且T. thiebautii略高於T. erythraeum,在陸棚、陸坡分別佔58%及36%,海盆中則分別佔64%及31%。Trichodesmium型態上以單獨trichome為主,群聚者較少。Trichodesmium垂直分布上,集中於0-100m間,最大密度接近表水,密度變動範圍介於4-1008×103trichomes/m3,夏季南海陸棚、陸坡表水平均Trichodesmium密度略高於東海。
Trichodesmium分布與環境因子間之探討結果顯示:溫度、營養鹽與風速對Trichodesmium的分布均不明顯。但颱風期間Trichodesmium在淺水層之密度增加,Trichodesmium極大值之水深變淺、且平均每colony之trichome數量減少,但對Trichodesmium種類及colony數量的影響不明顯。Trichodesmium密度在水體分層程度低與測站底深淺者,顯著較高,此等具分層程度低、測站深度淺的測站即屬陸棚、陸坡水域。高密度Trichodesmium出現的水域,為較接近黑潮水特性的陸棚、陸坡測站,顯示夏季黑潮水可能進入南海北部的陸棚、陸坡水域。
Abstract
Abstract
This research investigated the distribution of Trichodesmium in the South China Sea and the ecological factors that affect it. The survey periods were from August 1999 to October 2000. A total of 5 cruises were conducted, mostly in summer and autumn, including cruise 559 (August 18~25, 1999), cruise 629 (May 22~27, 2000), cruise 588 (July 3~14, 2000), cruise 597 (October 4-13, 2000), and cruise 657 (October 16-21, 2000). The sampling stations were located on the continental shelves, the slope zones, and the basin in the South China Sea between 13~22∘N and 114~120∘E.
The density of Trichodesmium in the South China Sea varied greatly among the continental shelves, the slope zones, and the basin zones. Trichodesmium density in the continental shelf and the slope was high, with an average density of 150±297×103 trichomes/m3 (4~1008×103 trichomes/m3) in the surface water and 151±322×103 trichomes/m3 (13~1114×103 trichomes/m3) in 2-60m water depth. This could be caused by the influence of the mixing of the Kuroshio water and the substances of terrestrial origin. In the basin, Trichodesmium density was low, with an average density of 5±7×103 trichomes/m3 (0~22×103 trichomes/m3) in the surface water and an average density of 6±7×103 trichomes/m3(0~22×103 trichomes/m3) in 2~60m water depth. The Trichodesmium communities are mainly composed of T. thiebautii and T. erythraeum, with T. thiebautii being more abundant than T. erythraeum. Their relative importance at the continental shelf and the slope zones was 58% and 36% respectively, and 64% and 31% in the basin respectively. Trichodesmium appeared commonly as a single trichome, rarely in colony. The vertical distribution of Trichodesmium concentrated at 0-100m. The highest density was near the surface, varying between 4~1008×103 trichomes/m3. In summer, the Trichodesmium in the continental shelf and the slope zone of the South China Sea was slightly higher than that in the East China Sea.
The influences of temperature, nutrient abundance and wind speed on the distribution of Trichodesmium are not obvious. Trichodesmium in shallow water became abundant after the passage of a typhoon. The maximum density of Trichodesmium was observed in shallow water and average number of trichome per colony decreased. The influences of the typhoon on Trichodesmium species composition and colony density were not obvious. High density of Trichodesmium occurred at shallow waters and the water column with low stratification index (SI) which repressed the properties of waters in the continental shelf and the slope zones. The regions in which high-density Trichodesmium appeared, were the continental shelves and slope which showed water properties similar to those of the Kuroshio water, indicating possible intrusion of the Kuroshio water in summer into the continental shelves and slope of the northern South China Sea.
目次 Table of Contents
謝辭……………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
中文摘要………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
英文摘要………………………………………………………………………Ⅳ
目錄……………………………………………………………………………Ⅵ
圖目錄…………………………………………………………………………Ⅶ
表目錄…………………………………………………………………………Ⅹ
附錄目錄………………………………………………………………………Ⅹ
壹、前言………………………………………………………………………1
貳、文獻回顧…………………………………………………………………4
參、預備實驗…………………………………………………………………19
肆、材料方法…………………………………………………………………25
伍、結果………………………………………………………………………31
陸、討論………………………………………………………………………57

圖………………………………………………………………………………72

表…………………………………………………………………………….123

附錄………………………………………………………………………….144

參考文獻…………………………………………………………………….160
參考文獻 References
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