本研究藉胃壁與肌肉組織的差異及食餌生物的穩定同位素分析，以期了解西印度洋大目鮪之季節與體型的食性變化。研究期間，分別分析了大目鮪肌肉32個、胃壁117個及食餌生物129個樣品。此外為了解穩定同位素的地理差異，另分析台灣地區生物樣品50個，以便與西印度洋大目鮪的食餌生物之穩定同位素值進行比較。
結果顯示，大目鮪的胃壁及肌肉組織中的碳氮同位素值具有組織差異，胃壁的δ13C値較肌肉來的高，而其δ15N值則較低。胃壁較肌肉組織的食物轉換率較快，使得胃壁中的穩定同位素易反映短時間的食餌變化，而肌肉組織則適用於研究長期的時空移動及整體族群的攝食習性。
此外，西印度洋大目鮪胃壁的δ15N值具有體型及月別差異。小型大目鮪(FL<185公分)較偏好捕食史氏蟳及帆蜥魚幼魚等游泳能力較差，營養階層較低的食餌，因此其δ15N値明顯低於大型大目鮪(FL>185公分)。7~9月間所捕獲的大目鮪，較其他季節捕食較多的甲殼類食餌，因此其δ15N値較其他季節低。此季節與月別的穩定同位素差異僅呈現於大目鮪的胃壁組織，而肌肉組織則無法觀察到此變化。
受到體長、食物網組成及環境因子的影響，西印度洋食餌生物的δ15N値較以往文獻要高，其中又以柔珠目魚(14.21 ± 0.64‰)為最高，細角刺蝦為最低(10.06 ± 1.47‰)。又因大目鮪大量攝食甲殼類食餌，有別於以往文獻記載大目鮪以帆蜥魚科和長吻帆蜥魚等魚類為主食之結果，以至於大目鮪與其食餌生物的營養階層的分界不明顯。

In order to investigate the dietary shift of the bigeye tuna in western Indian Ocean, the stable isotope of 117 stomach tissues, 32 muscle tissues and 129 food items of bigeye tuna were analyzed. Moreover, 50 fish and shrimp samples collected from southwestern Taiwan were also analyzed.
The results show that both the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope were found different between the bigeye tuna’s stomach and muscle tissues. The δ13C values in stomach were higher than those of muscles, but δ15N values were opposite. The difference was as a result of the different tissues turnover rate of the stomach and muscle tissues. We found that the stable isotope values of stomach and muscle tissues, representing short-(day) and long-term (yearly), respectively, nutrient turnover rate.
Small size of bigeye tuna (FL<185 cm), prefer prey on Charybdis smithii and Alepisauridae larvae, had lower δ15N value than the big ones (FL>185 cm). Because of the bigeye tuna prey on more crustacean between July and September, so that they had lower δ15N values than the tuna in other seasons. We found that the size segregation and seasonal shift in the diet of bigeye tuna cause the variation of δ15N values.
The highest and lowest δ15N values of the prey of bigeye tuna was Scopelarchus analis (14.21 ± 0.64‰) and Oplophorus gracilirostris (10.06 ± 1.47‰). Influence by prey’s body length, construct of the local food web and the environmental factor, the bigeye tuna’s prey had higher δ15N values than literature records. We speculate that the bigeye tuna from western Indian Ocean prey on lower trophic level prey in a long period, and accumulated lower δ15N, and as a result that their trophic level are overlap between bigeye tuna and their preys in western Indian Ocean.

目錄
謝辭……………………………………………………………………...ⅰ
摘要……………………………………………………………………...ⅲ
英文摘要………………………………………………………………...ⅴ
表目錄…………………………………………………………………...ⅹ
圖目錄………………………………………………………………......ⅹⅰ
一、 前言………………………………………………………………..1
1.1大目鮪的簡介…………………………………………………1
1.2西印度洋區……………………………………………………2
1.3穩定同位素在大目鮪攝食生態的應用....…………………....3
1.4不同組織間穩定同位素的差異………………………………5
1.5組織中的油脂對穩定同位素的影響…………………………5
1.6大目鮪食性研究之文獻回顧…………………………………6
1.7實驗目的………………………………………………………7
二、材料與方法…………………………………………………………8
2.1樣品採集………………………………………………………..8
2.2食餌生物取樣…………………………………………………..9
2.2.1樣品處理方式…………………………………………….9
2.2.2胃袋食餌生物…………………………………………….9
2.2.3新鮮樣品………………………………………………...10
2.3穩定同位素測定…………………………………………..10
2.3.1油脂萃取………………………………………………...10
2.3.2穩定同位素分析…………………………………….......11
2.4數據分析……………………………………………………....12
三、結果……………………………………………………………......14
3.1去油脂前後之穩定同位素差異……………………....…...….14
3.2大目鮪肌肉與胃壁組織穩定同位素之差異……………...….15
3.3大目鮪尾叉長與穩定同位素值…………………………...….15
3.4大目鮪捕獲月份與穩定同位素值………………………...….17
3.5大目鮪捕獲地區與穩定同位素值………………………...….18
3.6大目鮪食物網之穩定同位素值…………………………........18
3.7新鮮深海生物之穩定同位素值…………………………...….19
四、討論…………………………………………………………...…...21
4.1去油脂前後對穩定同位素的影響…………………………....21
4.2大目鮪肌肉和胃壁組織穩定同位素值之差異…………...….22
4.3大目鮪的食性轉換………………………………....................23
4.4大目鮪穩定同位素值與其空間變化……………………...….25
4.5大目鮪胃袋內食餌生物之δ15N值..........................................26
4.5.1魚類………………………………………………...…....26
4.5.2蝦類………………………………...................................27
4.5.3頭足類…………………………………...........................27
4.6大目鮪胃袋內食餌生物之δ13C值.…………………….…….27
4.7從大目鮪及其食餌的穩定同位素值探討西印度洋大目鮪食階 之變化……………………………………………………........28
五、參考文獻..........................................................................................31

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