本篇論文主要包含兩個議題 ： (1)電動車充/放電管理系統平台，以及(2)利用線路重組使得電力網路耗損達到最小的方法。
於電動車充/放電管理系統平台部分，我們使用軟、硬體模擬電動車充/放電管理的實際運作情形，以及其溝通方式，透過所開發的充/放電管理系統，可以達到使用者有較高之充電滿意度，電力網路耗損最小，並符合電網上之電壓限制以及用電量限制。
於利用線路重組使得電力網路達到耗損最小方法的部分，我們使用最佳化方法之一的Cross-Entropy方法，找出最好的線路重組情況，使得電力網路耗損最小，並符合電力網路系統的其他限制。
但單純使用Cross-Entropy方法找出最小耗損，需要多次疊代才能達到收斂，因此，我們加入電力網路之電流特性，減少疊代次數，可更有效率找到最小耗損的線路重組方法。

The emergence of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) is expected to bring significant impact to existing power systems. Previous studies have shown that the impact of PEV-charging to power systems can be mitigated by using coordinated charging. Therefore, a smart PEV-charging algorithm is required. As the first contribution of this thesis, a smart charger prototype is developed. With the developed charger prototype, we can display how PEVs are selected for charging or discharging such that user convenience levels can be maximized while meeting predefined circuit-level limits. As the second contribution of this thesis, we consider power loss reduction by using network reconfiguration. The network reconfiguration problem can be formulated as a combinatorial optimization problem. Therefore, we propose a novel global stochastic optimization technique based on cross-entropy (CE) optimization to determine the optimal network configuration. In addition, we propose a way to reduce the searching complexity of the CE algorithm by using the current on each power line as an initial condition of the CE algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that the power loss can be reduced by using the CE algorithm and the complexity of the CE algorithm can be reduced significantly with the proposed initial setting method.

誌謝i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 iv
圖次 vi
表次 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 背景以及動機 1
1.2 論文組織介紹 4
第二章 環境與技術簡介 5
2.1 電力系統簡介 5
2.1.1 母線導納矩陣 5
2.1.2 電力系統耗損 8
2.2 LabVIEW簡介 10
2.3 Cross-Entropy方法 10
第三章 電動車充放電管理系統模擬 13
3.1 電動車選取機制介紹 13
3.1.1 電動車特性 13
3.1.2 電網模型 15
3.1.3 電能管理系統 17
3.2 平台介紹 24
3.2.1平台運作介紹 24
3.2.2平台介面介紹 25
第四章 以線路重組達到最小耗損 31
4.1 線路重組 31
4.2 最小耗損 31
4.3 利用CE求得最小耗損之方法 32
4.3.1 CE演算法 32
4.3.2 最小耗損演算法 34
4.3.3改善CE方法之疊代次數 34
第五章 模擬結果 36
5.1電流與電力網路之關係 36
5.2 利用CE達到電力系統重組 38
第六章 結論 44
參考文獻 45

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