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論文名稱 Title |
聯想電腦持續性競爭優勢之研究 A Case Study on Sustainable Competitive Advantage of Lenovo |
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系所名稱 Department |
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畢業學年期 Year, semester |
語文別 Language |
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學位類別 Degree |
頁數 Number of pages |
148 |
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研究生 Author |
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指導教授 Advisor |
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召集委員 Convenor |
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口試委員 Advisory Committee |
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口試日期 Date of Exam |
2014-05-29 |
繳交日期 Date of Submission |
2014-07-07 |
關鍵字 Keywords |
資源與能力、競爭優勢、聯想、資源基礎、個人電腦產業 Resources and Capabilities, Competitive Advantage, Lenovo, Resource-Based View(RBV), PC Industry |
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統計 Statistics |
本論文已被瀏覽 5827 次,被下載 644 次 The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5827 times, has been downloaded 644 times. |
中文摘要 |
個人電腦產業發展至今超過50年,隨著科技進步與環境不斷演變,個人電腦價格平民化,是現在普及率相當高的電子產品,不過也因此造成個人電腦產業競爭劇烈,全球大大小小品牌廠深受其害,毛利愈壓愈低,這讓許多企業不得不抉擇是否要留下還是繼續經營投入產業。時至今日,品牌廠愈來愈少、產業連續幾年負成長、2013年衰退幅度更達歷史新高,讓大家開始意識到個人電腦真的不行了嗎?就在產業一片哀嚎當中,這時聯想電腦冒了出來,它是「全球唯一」一家還能保持正成長的品牌廠,從一家默默無名、專做政府設備維修的小公司,併購IBM個人電腦事業,規模愈來愈大,並於2008年嚴重虧損後短短幾個月就轉虧為盈,透過不斷合資與併購,最後在2013年奪下全球市占率第一名。 本研究嘗試從資源基礎觀點來探討聯想成功的秘訣,並了解一家成功的個人電腦廠商在個人電腦領域中,如何獲取、運用所擁有的資源與能力,並形成持續性的競爭優勢。最後研究結果發現,個人電腦品牌廠要擁有持續性競爭優勢,內部資源與能力必須要不斷更新、強化的,且要最大化優勢的持續性、獨特性與顯著領先的效果。品牌廠的競爭優勢最終還是回歸基本,須建立五大優勢:供應鏈、通路與業務服務、品牌、研發、政府關係,它們彼此環環相扣,少一個,競爭力就少一大截。品牌廠必須留意產業這個階段與下一個階段的生命週期,未雨綢繆,但也必須看清自己的競爭位置,根據產業生命週期進行適合的活動與反應策略。 |
Abstract |
The development of PC industry has been more than 50 years, with advances in technology and changes of the environment, PCs’ prices being affordable, are now very high penetration of electronic products. But, they also have resulted in a terrible competitive environment. Global and small PC companies have suffered and got lower gross profit, which would let lots of companies decide whether to stay or continue to operate in this industry. Today, there are fewer PC companies, the negative growth of sales in consecutive years and the new record of its recession in 2013. So, we begin to realize that PCs are really dying? When the whole industry has gone worse, Lenovo run out. It’s “the only one PC company in the world” can maintain the positive growth of sales. From an obscure company which only can run the business from the government of China, the acquisition of IBM PCD, increasingly large scale, and in 2008 after suffering heavy losses on the turnaround in just a few months, through constantly joint ventures and acquisitions, Lenovo finally got the first place in global market share in 2013. This study attempts to explore the secret of the success of Lenovo from RBV and to understand a successful PC company how to get, use the resources and capabilities they have, and form a sustainable competitive advantage in the PCs’ field. The results show that: if PC company wants to keep its competitive advantage much longer, its internal resources and capabilities must be constantly updated, enhanced and to maximize the advantage’s effect of sustainability, unique and substantiation. Secondly, the competitive advantage of PC company gets back to the basic eventually. It shall construct five advantages: “supply chain, distribution and service, brand, R&D and the relationship to the government. ” This five interlock with each other. If you lost one of them, the company will lost more advantages than you think. Thirdly, PC company must pay attention to the stage where it at and the next stage of PC’s industry life cycle. Save for a rainy day. PC company must also identify its competitive position to conduct appropriate activities and strategies based on the industry life cycle. |
目次 Table of Contents |
論文審定書 i 摘要 ii Abstract iii 第一章、緒論 1 第一節 研究背景與動機 1 第二節 研究目的 3 第三節 研究流程 4 第二章、文獻探討 5 第一節 產業環境分析 5 第二節 資源基礎理論 11 第三節 企業競爭優勢 16 第四節 個人電腦產業 24 第三章、研究方法 33 第一節 研究架構 33 第二節 研究方法 35 第四章、個案分析 37 第一節 全球個人電腦產業分析 37 第二節 聯想電腦(Lenovo) 52 第三節 第一階段聯想內部資源與能力 57 第四節 第二階段聯想內部資源與能力 76 第五節 兩階段競爭優勢分析 97 第五章、結論與建議 112 第一節 研究發現 112 第二節 研究建議 120 第三節 研究限制與後續發展 122 參考文獻 124 附錄 137 |
參考文獻 References |
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(2014). How the value trap squeezes Windows PC makers revenues and profits. The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/jan/09/pc-value-trap-windows-chrome-hp-dell-lenovo-asus-acer Bernad, M. (2013). Lenovo releases new ThinkPads for business users. Upgrade Magazihne. http://www.upgrademag.com/web/lenovo-releases-new-thinkpads-business-users/ Bulik, B.S. (2012). What Do You Do When Your Business Outpaces Your Brand? Lenovo May Soon Have the Answer. Advertising Age. http://adage.com/article/cmo-interviews/lenovo-increasing-brand-awareness/231929/ Cronk, B. (2013). Dell Went Private. Norwich Business School Blog. http://ueanbs.wordpress.com/2013/12/03/dell-went-private/ Chao, L. (2012). As Rivals Outsource, Lenovo Keeps Production In-House. The Wall Street Journal. http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303302504577325522699291362 E2open, Inc. (2012). Collaboration in The Cloud: How Lenovo is Teaming with E2open to Improve Global Supply Chain Execution. Futuresource. (2012). PC shipments into education on track for 28% growth. http://www.ceatec.com/report_analysis/en/ra_120123.html Gottesman, Ben, Z. (2013). Your Favorite Laptops and Desktops. PC Magazine Digital Edition. Hardman, J. (2012). Lenovo’s ThinkPad 20 year anniversary celebration posts reinforce positive brand attributes on Facebook. WaveMetrix. http://wave.wavemetrix.com/content/lenovo-s-thinkpad-20-year-anniversary-celebration-posts-reinforce-positive-brand-00977 Hofman, Debra. & Aronow, Stan & Nilles, Kimberly. (2013). The Garter Supply Chain Top 25 for 2013. IBM Corportation Software Group. (2012). Creating a world-class supply chain commerce platform. Mourdoukoutas, P. (2012). Can Lenovo Become The Apple of China? Forbes. http://www.forbes.com/sites/panosmourdoukoutas/2012/09/27/can-lenovo-become-the-apple-of-china/ Mourdoukoutas, P. (2013). World's Top Brands, Where Are The Chinese? Forbes. http://www.forbes.com/sites/panosmourdoukoutas/2013/10/02/worlds-top-brands-where-are-the-chinese/ Osawa, J. & Luk, L. (2014). How Lenovo Built a Chinese Tech Giant. The Wall Street Journal. http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303973704579352263128996836 Upgrade Magazihne. (2014). Lenovo predicts state of PC, market and consumer behavior in 2014. http://www.upgrademag.com/web/lenovo-predicts-state-pc-market-consumer-behavior-2014/ Wasson, S. (2013). AMD touts unified gaming strategy. The Tech Report. http://techreport.com/review/24592/amd-touts-unified-gaming-strategy 四、相關網站 聯想中國官方網站:http://www.lenovo.com.cn/ TechNews科技新報:http://technews.tw/ 科技政策研究與資訊中心:http://iknow.stpi.narl.org.tw/default.aspx 資策會MIC:http://mic.iii.org.tw/index.asp Forbes: http://www.forbes.com/ Interbrand: http://www.interbrand.com/en/ Bloomberg BusinessWeek: http://www.businessweek.com/ The Wall Street Journal: http://online.wsj.com/public/page/news-global-world.html The Economist: http://www.economist.com/ IHS iSuppli: https://technology.ihs.com/ Euromonitor: http://www.euromonitor.com/ SquareTrade: http://www.squaretrade.com/ MarketLine: http://www.marketline.com/ Forrester: http://www.forrester.com/home/ NH Investment & Securities: http://www.nhis.co.kr/WID/WD50001.jsp Digitimes: http://www.digitimes.com/ IDC: http://www.idc.com/ Gartner: http://www.gartner.com/technology/home.jsp Upgrade Magazine: http://www.upgrademag.com/web/ PCQuest: http://www.pcquest.com/ |
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