在現今世界大多數海洋中皆發現海洋垃圾在海表漂浮，同時其數量也有逐年增加的趨勢，而其中以塑膠製品占海洋垃圾種類的大多數，由於塑膠製品具有漂浮能力與其受到風化作用或日照會碎解成較小碎片，故常有海洋生物、海鳥誤食案例發生，如今海洋垃圾已經被認定為一項重要的公共安全問題，因為它不只影響海洋生物，也會對人類衛生健康、旅遊產生負面影響。對海洋垃圾的定義為在海洋環境與航行安全產生不良影響的人為固體碎片，而因為現地調查海洋或海岸垃圾具有效率低、成本高之問題，近年來又因計算機運算能力迅速發展，以及海上資料的蒐集技術提升，使得使用數值模式進行計算與預測之研究越來越多，因此本研究使用MEDSLIK-II溢油模式進行模擬，透過背景流場與風場討論在台灣海峽中海洋垃圾的分布區域以及軌跡現象為何。
本研究以模擬海洋垃圾的模式顆粒探討全年台灣海峽與劇烈天氣事件，在全年海峽案例中可知，在東北季風期時多數投放點所投出顆粒皆主要順著東北風與流場漂移至南海區域或擱淺沿途，除了木蘭溪投放點由於中國沿岸地形與風場因素，使得此時所投放出的顆粒為向南傳輸至台灣西半部海域；在西南季風時期台灣南部投放點受到當地地形影響，使得該區投放點所投出之顆粒多數擱淺於當地沿岸，而其他投放點多數顆粒往東海區域傳輸之結果；最後在非季風期時，由於此時正值季風風向轉變期，在台灣海峽內部流場並無其他季風時期具有趨勢性，使得各區投放點多數顆粒呈現漂移狀態。由劇烈天氣事件案例中，本研究探討在颱風事件下顆粒的軌跡現象，而透過結果與其他文獻比對也顯示具有可信度，由上述兩案例可瞭解在長期在台灣海峽內部垃圾滯留狀況與偶發性的短期劇烈天氣事件垃圾漂移路徑。

In most of the world’s oceans, marine litter is floating on the sea surface, and its number has also increased year by year. Due to the floating ability of plastic products and weathering, or sunshine will break into smaller pieces, there are often cases of marine organisms and seabirds eating inadvertently. Marine litter is defined as anthropogenic solid debris that has a negative impact on the marine environment and navigational safety. Because the current survey of marine or coastal waste is inefficient and costly, the rapid development of computer computing capabilities and the upgrading of data collection technology at sea in recent year, more studies have been conducted on the use of numerical models for calculation and prediction. In this study we used the MEDSLIK-II oil spill model to simulate the background area to discuss the distribution and trajectory of marine litter in the Taiwan Strait.
This study explores the case of the annual Taiwan Strait and the case of severe weather using model particles that simulate marine litter. From the case of the annual in the northeast monsoon period, most of the particles thrown out of the points of release were mainly drifting along the northeasterly wind and the flow field to the South China Sea area or stranded along the way. During the southwest monsoon period, the launch points in southern Taiwan were affected by the local topography, making most of the particles thrown at the launching point of the area stranded on the local coast, rather than the results of the transmission of most of the pellets from other launching points to the East China Sea region. At the non-monsoon period, due to the positive monsoon wind turning period, there is no trend of other monsoon periods in the Taiwan Strait internal flow field, making most particles in all regions put in a drift state. In the case of severe weather events, this study explored the phenomenon of particle trajectories in the event of a typhoon, and the comparison of the results with other literature also shows a certain degree of credibility.

論文審定書+i
致謝+ii
摘要+iii
Abstract+iv
目錄+v
圖目錄+viii
表目錄+xi
第一章 緒論+1
1.1 研究動機+1
1.2 研究目標+2
1.3 研究流程與架構+2
第二章 文獻回顧+5
2.1 海洋垃圾定義與其問題+5
2.2 海洋垃圾之漂移現象+6
2.3 海洋垃圾之擱淺現象+8
2.4 海洋垃圾之受風現象+11
2.5 觀測海洋垃圾方法+13
2.5.1 海洋垃圾之現地實驗+13
2.5.2 海洋垃圾之數值模式+16
第三章 研究方法+23
3.1 MEDSLIK-II (Bruciaferri et al., 2015)+23
3.1.1模式特性+23
3.1.2 軌跡方程式及模式變數+24
3.1.3 對流擴散方程式+26
3.2 理想案例+27
3.2.1 理想案例設定+28
3.2.2 理想案例量化設定+29
3.2.3 理想案例結果+30
3.3 模式背景場資料蒐集+32
3.3.1 HYCOM+32
3.3.2 CFSR+34
3.3.3 OCM2+37
3.3.4 Etopo1+38
第四章 結果與討論+41
4.1 全年台灣海峽海洋垃圾分佈案例+41
4.1.1背景場介紹+41
4.1.2 案例設定+43
4.1.3 案例結果+47
4.1.3.1 東北季風期之台灣海峽內顆粒堆積狀況+48
4.1.3.2 西南季風期之台灣海峽內顆粒堆積狀況+50
4.1.3.3 非季風期之台灣海峽內顆粒堆積狀況+53
4.1.4 與實際擱淺垃圾比較+55
4.2 劇烈天氣事件海洋垃圾漂移堆積案例+58
4.2.1 莫拉克颱風案例+59
4.2.2 梅姬颱風案例+61
4.3 綜合討論+62
第五章 結論與建議+65
5.1 結論+65
5.2 建議+66
參考文獻+67
附錄一 2016年每月台灣海峽平均流場圖+77
附錄二 2016年每月台灣海峽平均流場圖+79
附錄三 2016年每月台灣海峽河川投放點熱點圖+81
附錄四 2016年每月台灣海峽城市投放點熱點圖+83
附錄五 2016年每月台灣海峽河川投放點濃度圖+85
附錄六 2016年每月台灣海峽城市投放點濃度圖+88

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