摘要
台灣養殖的海水魚類受虹彩病毒感染的疫情有擴大的趨勢。本研究以 PCR檢測證實龍膽石斑受虹彩病毒感染，在電子顯微鏡下可觀察到其組織液含有病毒顆粒。定序此病毒之 MCP (major capsid protein)核苷酸，其序列與 OSGIV 相似度最高，因此命名此新病毒株為 OSGIV-like 病毒。基因選殖表現 TGIV 及 OSGIV-like 之 MCP 蛋白，結果顯示 MCP 為一低水溶性的蛋白質，其分子量大小約 51 kDa，並可形成似病毒顆粒。加入 2.5% 之 Triton X-100 可有效提高可溶性蛋白的產量，其 MCP 之最大產量濃度為 30.95 μg/μl。而以氯仿處理病魚組織後，可使病毒外殼裸露而有利於抗體法之偵測，因此推論虹彩病毒 MCP 蛋白位於外套膜內，並為一疏水性的結構性蛋白。

Abstract
Taiwan marine fish suffers the epidemic infection of iridovirus. In this research, infected fish of Epinephelus. lanceolatus was diagnozed by polymerase chain reaction. Transmission electron microscopy showed the morphology of viral particles from tissue lysate. The nucleotide sequence of major capsid protein (MCP) was compared to OSGIV, thereafter the novel virus from Epinephelus lanceolatus is named OSGIV-like iridovirus. By cloning expression of the MCP of TGIV and OSGIV-like, the MCP of 51 kDa was insoluable although minor virus-like substance was observed in TEM. Triton X-100 of 2.5% improved the solubility of protein to 30.95 μg/μl. Chloroform treatment enhanced the antibody-detection for the MCP of virus in the tissue. We inference that iridovirus MCP is associated with the envelope because of its hydrophobicity.

目錄
謝誌..........................................................................................I
摘要.........................................................................................II
Abstract...................................................................................III
目錄........................................................................................IV
表目錄....................................................................................VII
圖目錄...................................................................................VIII
壹、前言...................................................................................1
一、 臺灣石斑魚養殖概況.....................................................1
二、 虹彩病毒科.....................................................................2
三、 外國有關魚類虹彩病毒之疫情.....................................9
四、 我國魚類虹彩病毒之疫情...........................................14
五、 魚類病毒之檢測...........................................................17
六、 虹彩病毒之結構蛋白...................................................19
七、 研究目的.......................................................................21
貳、材料與方法.....................................................................22
一、 石斑養殖.......................................................................22
1.石斑魚之取得......................................................................22
2.病毒液的製備......................................................................22
3.活體放大病毒......................................................................22
4.魚體解剖..............................................................................22
5.病毒篩選..............................................................................23
6.病毒偵測與分類..................................................................23
二、 DNA操作技術.............................................................24
1.質體的萃取.........................................................................24
2.Competent cell 的製作......................................................24
3.細胞轉型.............................................................................25
4.組織 DNA 的萃取.............................................................25
5.DNA 電泳..........................................................................26
6.DNA 膠體純化..................................................................26
7.病毒之定量.........................................................................27
三、 似病毒顆粒表現及蛋白質分析..................................29
1.不同誘導時間對 MCP 蛋白表現的影響.........................29
2.大腸桿菌表現 MCP 蛋白.................................................30
3.似病毒顆粒的純化.............................................................30
4.SDS-PAGE 蛋白質電泳....................................................31
5.蛋白質定量.........................................................................32
6.西方點墨法.........................................................................32
7.點墨法..................................................................................33
8.MCP 之小鼠血清製備........................................................34
四、 病毒純化.......................................................................35
五、 負染...............................................................................36
六、 選殖株...........................................................................36
1.pIMCP..................................................................................36
2.pOM11 及 pOM31..............................................................36
3.pOM12 及 pOM32..............................................................37
4.pOM12ES 及 pOM32ES.....................................................37
七、 序列分析方法................................................................37
參、 結果................................................................................39
一、 PCR 偵測病毒檢體......................................................39
二、 病毒量之測定與病毒純化.............................................40
三、 比對虹彩病毒 MCP 基因序列.....................................42
四、 TGIV 與 OSGIV-like MCP 之基因選殖.....................45
五、 MCP 基因之表現與蛋白可溶性試驗...........................46
1.不同誘導時間表現 MCP 蛋白............................................46
2.培養溫度對可溶性蛋白產量之影響.....................................46
3.不同緩衝溶液對蛋白可溶性之影響.....................................47
4.不同離心轉速分析蛋白的溶解度.........................................47
5.不同濃度之 Triton X-100對蛋白可溶性之影響.................48
6.MCP 蛋白組裝多聚體的條件...............................................49
六、 MCP 蛋白之抗體偵測野生的虹彩病毒........................50
肆、 討論...................................................... ............................51
伍、 參考文獻...........................................................................56
陸、 表.......................................................................................68
柒、 圖.......................................................................................72
捌、 附錄...................................................................................99
附錄A、The cloning strategy....................................................99
附錄B、Chromatogram and MCP sequence............................118

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