本研究最主要目的是設計一熱-機-電換能裝置，針對環境中未能利用的熱能，將其轉換成可用電能之能量汲取(Energy Harvesting)裝置。論文將分兩個主軸，即熱能-機械能和機械能-電能之間的轉換方式探討，首先測試幾組熱轉機械能的結構，並設計一簡易裝置，其中利用到二氯甲烷(Dichloromethane)的物理特性。有了熱能產生之機械能，再經由機械能驅使磁鐵於線圈中產生直線的往復運動，最後透過線性發電機的原理轉換成電能。本研究所設計之熱能轉換發電裝置，係可利用太陽照射產生的熱或汽車引擎廢熱等外部熱源來產生電力，該結構的冷熱端在適當溫差下，不需很高溫的熱源即可達到低溫差發電。

The main purpose of this research is to design a thermal energy conversion device, which is aimed to collect unused heat produced by nature. In order to achieve high-efficiency conversion, some novel devices will be studied to convert heat energy into mechanical power. A simple heat exchanger as well as heat engine device is proposed in this study. Dichloromethane is used as an important factor due to its physical properties. Finally, the concept of a tubular linear generator will be adopted to generate electric power.
The feature of the proposed simple thermal energy conversion device is that we can use unused heat sources as input, such as solar energy and waste heat from car engines. Besides, the system is capable to work under the condition of low-temperature difference

摘要 i
Abstract ii
謝誌 iii
目錄 iv
表說明 vii
圖說明 viii

第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目標 1
1.2 文獻回顧 1
1.2.1 熱電材料 2
1.2.2 史特林引擎 3
1.2.3 熱聲發電機 5
1.2.4 太陽能龍捲風發電塔 6
1.3 論文架構 7
第二章 熱-機-壓電換能結構設計評估 13
2.1 壓電材料簡介 13
2.1.1 壓電現象 13
2.1.2 壓電材料的特性與優點 14
2.2 初期結構設計 15
2.2.1 高熱膨脹係數材料PDMS結合PVDF 15
2.2.2 熱對流風力 16
2.3 電能輸出效率評估 17
第三章 熱能轉換機械能結構設計開發 26
3.1 選擇傳熱媒介 26
3.2 簡易熱轉機械能線性運動裝置 28
3.2.1 熱交換裝置 28
3.2.2 直線往復運動機構 29
3.3 尺寸設計與性能測試 29
第四章 管狀線性發電裝置設計 39
4.1 發電機基本原理 39
4.2 永磁同步式管狀線性發電機簡介 40
4.3 永磁同步式管狀線性發電機設計 42
4.3.1 内動子設計 42
4.3.2 外定子設計 45
第五章 電力量測與性能分析 54
5.1 發電電壓量測 54
5.2 功率量測 54
5.3 太陽熱能收集實測 55
5.4 影響系統輸出效率及功率參數之探討 56
第六章 結論與建議 62
6.1 結論 62
6.2 建議 62
參考文獻 64

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