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博碩士論文 etd-0612100-220316 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0612100-220316
論文名稱
Title
台灣產薯蕷屬(薯蕷科)之分類研究
A taxonomic student on Dioscorea L. (Dioscoreacea) of Taiwan.
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
85
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor

口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2000-06-16
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2000-06-12
關鍵字
Keywords
台灣、薯蕷屬、分類
Taiwan, Taxonomy, Dioscorea
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5697 次,被下載 4367
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5697 times, has been downloaded 4367 times.
中文摘要
摘要
本論文對台灣的薯蕷屬植物進行包括:植株性狀、地下部形態、莖部形態及附屬物、葉
部形態、花部形態、分佈地點及物候方面之調查及研究,最後探討本屬以下之分類問題
。 台灣薯蕷屬植物為纏繞性蔓莖類植物,地下部為塊莖狀或走莖狀;莖左旋或右旋,莖
上及葉枕常具有毛、刺、翅等附屬物,或光滑;葉互生,或有時上部對生,具柄,單葉
或掌狀複葉;單葉者常為心形、卵形或橢圓形,基出脈3-13,細脈網狀;掌狀複葉者,
小葉常為披針形或卵圓,側生小葉基部歪斜,羽狀脈;葉柄扭轉使葉先端向下;花單性
,雌雄異株,花器3數;花單生、簇生或於花軸上排列成穗狀、總狀或圓錐花序。雄花,
花被片6枚,2輪排列,略相等;雄蕊6枚,有時3枚退化;退化雌蕊有或無;雌花花被
略6裂,退化雄蕊甚小,3、6或無;子房下位,3稜,3室,花柱短,柱頭3裂;胚珠每室;
蒴果,3瓣;種子扁平,具端翅或周圍翅。花期主要為為4-9月,果期為7-11月。4個栽培
種多數種類全省分佈,僅2個種類局部分佈。 根據研究結果將台灣產薯蕷屬植物區分
為12種:將紫薯蕷(Dioscorea alata L. var. purpurea (Roxb.)M. Pouch.)併入大薯(D. alata L.);
掌葉薯(D. codonopsidifolia Kamikoti)併入蘭嶼田薯(D. cumingii Prain & Burkill);高氏薯蕷
(D. kaoi Liu & Huang)併入華南薯蕷(D. collettii Hook. f.);合併薄葉野山藥
(D. japonica Thunb. var. japonica)、基隆野山藥(D. japonica Thunb. var. pseudojaponica
(Hayata) Yamamota)、細葉野山藥(D. japonica Thunb. oldihamii Uline & Knuth)為日本薯蕷
(D. japonica Thunb.);將?堨楖俯朵}學名更為D. cirrhosa Lour.,另確認大薯、家山藥(
D. batatas Decne)、大苦薯(D. hispida Dennst.)、刺薯蕷(D. esculenta (Lour)Burkill)
為栽培種;以及確定獨黃(D. bulbifera L. )、恆春薯蕷(D. doryphora Hance)、大青薯
(D. benthamii Prain & Burkill)固有於台灣,其中恆春薯蕷為特有。
Abstract
Abstract
This thesis is to study habit, tuber, stem, leaf, flower and fruit morphology, phytogeography, and phenology in Dioscorea. Finally, concerns are given to the infrgeneric taxonomy.
Plants of Dioscorea in Taiwan are scandent vine; underground tuber or rhizome cylindrical, pyriform or spherical; steme terete or quadrangular in cross-section, ridged, or winged, green or violet, pubscent or glabrous or prickly; aerial tuber axilly or absent. Leaves alternate or opposite, simple or palmately- compound; simple leaves cordate or ovate-triangular, 3-9 nerved; leaflets of palmately-compound leaves lanceolate or ovate, nerves pinnately; 3-9 nerved; veinlets reticulate; petioles twisted and dilated at base. Flowers usually dioecious, arranged in axillay panicles, racemes, or spikes; male flowers solitary or fasciled on rachis, perianths 6, 2-whorled, tepals mostly similar, stamens 6, sometimes the inner 3 sterile, filaments attached to base of perianths, anthers 2 celled, longitudinally dehiscent, pistillodium rudimentary, present or absent; pistillate flowers solitary on rachis, perianths similar to the staminate, with 0, 3 or 6 staminodia; ovary inferior, trigonous, 3-celled, ovules 2 in each cell; stigmas 3, 2-lobed at apex. Fruit capsulate, tripterous. Seed 2 in each cell, with membranous wing. Flowering period is from April to September. Mostly fruiting from July to November. Most species of the genus in Taiwan are widely spreading in the island. Among the species in Taiwan, two endemic.
目次 Table of Contents
摘要 1
ABSTRACT 2
目錄 3
一、前言 4
二、材料與方法 10
1. 研究材料: 10
2. 研究方法: 10
(1)、外部形態觀察及特徵量化: 10
(2)、地理分布與生態習性: 12
(3)、物候調查: 12
三、結果 13
1、 台灣產薯蕷屬之型態特徵 13
(1)、植株習性: 13
(2)、根部及塊莖 13
(3)、挺空莖與節 13
(4)、葉部 14
(5)、零餘子 15
(6)、花 15
(6)、果實與種子 16
2、台灣產薯蕷屬植物之地理分佈 20
3、台灣產薯蕷屬植物之物候特徵 34
四、討論 36
五、分類處理 37
DIOSCOREA L., SP. PL. 1033. 1753. 薯蕷屬 37
KEY TO SPECIES 38
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