雖然研發活動是多國籍企業活動中最少進行國際化的價值活動（Patel and Pavitt, 1991），但多國籍企業其子公司近年來已經紛紛開始在許多國家負責相當大比例的國內創新活動。尤其以台灣日前所推動的亞太營運中心為例，在這項政策的引導下會改變許多原本限制子公司經營活動的條件，因此使得子公司成為一個區域中心、功能中心。此外，多國籍企業在台灣投資的一些研發費用可以受到投資減稅的優惠，加上台灣的製造業技術、資金與技術人才，吸引許多多國籍企業在台灣從事相當多的研發活動。所以本研究嘗試建立一個架構，探討『多國籍企業之研發動機』與『在台子公司之內部特性』對『研發策略』的影響，又研發策略依Bartlett & Ghoshal的多國籍企業之策略架構及相關文獻分類為『本土回應』及『全球整合』二構面。

本研究分為『本土回應研發策略』及『全球整合研發策略』二模型。在『本土回應策略模型』中，其預測變數為（1）優良技術環境（2）地主國市場潛力大（3）因應當地需求（4）歐籍企業（5）在台子公司之資源及能力程度；前三者屬於研發動機的變數，後二者屬於在台子公司之內部特性變數。此外，在『全球整合策略模型』中，其預測變數為（1）技術移轉（2）地主國獎勵政策（3）低研發成本（4）日籍企業（5）在台子公司規模；同樣的，前三者屬於研發動機的變數，後二者屬於在台子公司之內部特性變數。

藉由54家製造業廠商的實證研究分析結果發現：『優良的技術環境』及『在台子公司之資源及能力程度』對『本土回應研發策略』有正向影響；而『技術移轉』、『地主國政策獎勵』、『低研發成本』對『全球整合研發策略』有正向影響，而『日籍企業』卻對『全球整合研發策略』是負向影響，與預期假設相反。所以多國籍企業應該考量其研發動機及內部特性以擬定其海外研發策略，並發展一個組織形式，而這組織形式必須有效率地把研發經理與其他部門及不同研發單位整合起來。最後本研究也提出對後續研究的建議，希望對後續研究有所幫助。

Although R&D activities continue to be the latest internationalized of MNCs’ value adding activities even in the most internationalized industries, affiliates of MNCs have begun to account for a considerable proportion of domestic innovative activity in a number of countries. MNC decision-makings with respect to the location of R&D is determined by many factors, such as cost consideration, market size, excellent technological environment, policy factor, to transfer technology and to adapt their technology to the host market. Those above are R&D motivations. Therefore, this research will explore if the R&D motivations affect the R&D strategy. Furthermore, many researches also found that the firm-specific features effects the R&D strategy. And the firm-specific features in the research include nationality, size, the degree of R&D capability and resources in the MNC subsidiary. Finally, the research categorizes the R&D strategies into locally responsive R&D strategy and globally integrated R&D strategy.

The purpose of this research is to explore a framework to analyze the relationship among the dependent variables (that are motivation and firm-specific feature) and the independent variable (that are locally responsive R&D strategy and globally integrated R&D strategy). 54 samples of MNC subsidiaries in Taiwan are used in this research, and method of multiple regression is used to test these hypotheses. Finally, we can find that R&D motivations and firm-specific features have significant effects on R&D strategies practices in MNC subsidiaries in Taiwan.

第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與研究動機 1
第二節 研究目的 3
第三節 研究對象的選擇 4
第四節 問卷發展過程與資料收集 5
第五節 論文架構 6
第二章 文獻探討 7
第一節 多國籍企業（MULTINATIONAL CORPORATION, MNC）的定義及國籍對策略的影響 7
第二節 海外研發策略的構面、型態與角色 12
第三節 研發動機對研發策略的影響 29
第四節 公司資源基礎對研發策略的影響 31
第三章 研究設計與方法 34
第一節 研究假設 34
第二節 問卷設計 41
第三節 統計分析方法 47
第四章 研究發現 48
第一節 基本資料分析 48
第二節 信度測試 49
第三節 實証分析結果 50
第五章 結論與建議 54
第一節 研究結論 54
第二節 建議 58
第三節 管理意涵 59
第四節 對後續研究的建議 61
第五節 研究限制 63
參考文獻 64
問卷附錄 70

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