在今日的知識經濟時代，企業的競爭優勢越來越依賴本身擁有的知識與智慧資本。知識成為企業的關鍵性資源，以致企業逐漸增加對知識管理的重視程度。有關企業內部知識移轉的一個重要課題，就是確認在何種情況與模式下，知識可以有效地移轉。本研究之目的在於探討半導體公司不同型態的知識移轉類型。
本研究採用多重個案研究法來確認知識與技術移轉的型態。為了分析知識移轉活動，本研究針對四家半導體公司以質性方法，進行包括文件、訪談、內部報告等多重證據來源之收集。綜合歸納各家公司之知識移轉實務，提出三種企業內部知識移轉之模式。
這三種知識移轉模式對於科技與知識管理具有重大的管理意涵，首先，運用這些移轉模式，複製策略可以應用於包含高科技產業在內的各種製造業。製造業者可以將製程技術在不同廠區之間進行技術移轉，以產生綜效及一致性地經營績效。其次，這些移轉模式符合權變理論，意即在不同的情境下可以導入不同的知識移轉模式。最後，由個案公司之實例可以了解，外部標竿並非解決問題與維持競爭優勢的最佳方式，由資源基礎理論的觀點來看，企業可以藉由有效率又有效能地應用企業內部自行發展的最佳實務來維持競爭優勢。

In the knowledge economy era, a firm’s competitive edge increasingly depends on the possession of knowledge and intellectual capital. Knowledge becomes the key resource for firms, and firms must increase the attention they pay to knowledge management. A very important issue regarding intra-firm knowledge transfer is to identify the model and circumstances in which knowledge can effectively be transferred. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the typology of intra-firm knowledge transfer executed by different semiconductor firms.
Multiple case study approach is adopted to identify the pattern of knowledge and technology transfer in this study. In order to analyses knowledge transfer activities, four semiconductor firms were studied with qualitative method. Multiple sources of evidence are gathered, including documents, interviews, and internal reports. Synthesizing the knowledge transfer practices of these firms, this study demonstrates three models for intra-firm knowledge transfer.
These knowledge transfer models have important implications for technology and knowledge management. First, deploying these transfer models, replication strategies can apply to the manufacturing sector, including high-tech firms. Manufacturing firms can transfer manufacturing processes between business units and achieve synergy effects or performance consistency. Second, these transfer models validate the contingency theory since various situations induce different transfer models. Third, from these cases we can understand that external benchmarking may not always be the best way to solve problems and maintain competitive advantage. Resource-based theory maintains that firms can retain competitive edge by efficiently and effectively applying practices developed in-house.

Abstract (in chinese) .................................................................................................... I
Abstract.......................................................................................................................II
Table of Contents ...................................................................................................... IV
List of Tables.............................................................................................................. VI
List of Figures...........................................................................................................VII
Chapter 1 Introduction................................................................................................1
1.1 Research Background and Motivation.............................................................1
1.2 Research Process..............................................................................................3
1.3 Overview of This Study ...................................................................................4
Chapter 2 Literature Review ......................................................................................6
2.1 Knowledge classification .................................................................................7
2.2 Knowledge Management and KM Framework..............................................13
2.3 Intra-firm knowledge transfer ........................................................................36
Chapter 3 Research Design .......................................................................................44
3.1 Research Method ...........................................................................................44
3.2 Case Study Research......................................................................................45
Chapter 4 Case Studies from Semiconductor Firms...............................................48
4.1 Knowledge Transfer Practice: Copy Exactly.................................................48
4.2 Knowledge Transfer Practice: Smart Copy....................................................54
Chapter 5 The Typology of Intra-firm Knowledge Transfer .................................66
5.1 Three Models of Intra-firm Knowledge Transfer ..........................................66
5.2 Comparison of Different Models ...................................................................70
V
5.3 Practical Implementation of Three Models....................................................80
Chapter 6 Conclusions and Future Research..........................................................84
6.1 Research Summary ........................................................................................84
6.2 Research Finding ...........................................................................................85
6.3 Future Research .............................................................................................86
References...................................................................................................................87
Appendix 1: EKM Engineering Report Format .....................................................94
Appendix 2: EKM Document Evaluation Standard...............................................95
Appendix 3: 2004 EKM Index of Each Fab.............................................................97
Appendix 4: 2004 Detail EKM Index of Fab6 .........................................................98
Appendix 5: Example of Questionnaire...................................................................99

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