本論文的內容針對一些新型圓形微帶天線之特性做分析與探討，其中依各種不同的操作方式做了一些應用設計。在線性極化方面，首先提出是圓形微帶天線之雙頻帶操作設計，針對在圓形微帶天線表面蝕刻開口環狀槽孔可以造成雙頻的操作特性做一分析探討。接著研究是關於圓形微帶天線的寬頻帶操作設計，所提出的是使用二個開口環狀槽孔、集成電抗性負載以及嵌入式微帶線饋入之集成電抗性負載於圓形微帶天線寬頻帶操作之各項新型設計，這些設計其操作頻寬可以達到大約4%~6%。此外，在圓極化方面，針對圓形微帶天線的特定圓形結構，提出一種適合圓形結構的像馬刺狹孔圓極化操作設計，藉由此狹孔的微擾，可得到良好的圓極化微帶天線。將此技術應用在使用槽孔的縮小化圓極化操作設計上，這種縮小圓極化微帶天線設計，天線面積可降為原本的40%至50%。最後，利用橢圓形可產生圓極化操作的觀念和使用適合造成雙頻操作的技術，提出一種可以兼具雙頻且圓極化操作的設計，其中此雙頻圓極化的微帶天線其頻率比是1.39。

The novel designs of circular microstrip antennas have been investigated in this dissertation. In the linearly polarized designs, the study of single-feed dual-frequency circular microstrip antenna with an open-ring slot has been firstly presented. As for the broadband circular microstrip antenna designs, antennas with two open-ring slots, embedded reactive loading by probe feed and microstrip-line feed have been presented. The antenna bandwidth of them can be enhanced about 4% to 6%. In the circularly polarized designs, we have proposed a circularly polarized microstrip antenna with a spur line. By choosing a suitable length of the spur line, CP operation can be obtained. And then, such a design can be applied to a compact circular patch antenna with bent slots. These reduced the antenna size to be 40%~50% of that of the simple case. Finally, we use the ideas of CP operation with elliptic patch and dual-frequency operation with stacked patch to propose a dual-band circularly polarized stacked elliptic microstrip antenna design. The frequency ratio of this design is about 1.39.

文 字 目 錄
頁次
文字目錄 i
圖形目錄 iv
表格目錄 x

第一章 序論 (Introduction) 1
1.1 概述 1
1.2 文獻導覽 2
1.3 內容提要 4

第二章 圓形微帶天線之雙頻設計
(Design of Dual-frequency Circular Microstrip Antennas) 6
2.1 概述 6
2.1.1 使用雙饋入方式的相關設計 6
2.1.2 使用單饋入方式的相關設計 7
2.2 設計概念 13
2.3 使用單饋入開口環狀槽孔的設計方法 13
2.4 分析與討論 18

第三章 圓形微帶天線之寬頻設計
(Design of Broadband Circular Microstrip Antennas) 24
3.1 概述 24
3.2 設計概念 31
3.3 使用二個開口環狀槽孔 (two open-ring slots) 的設計方法 32
3.4 使用集成電抗性負載 (reactive loading) 的設計方法 40
3.5 利用嵌入式微帶線 (inset microstrip-line) 饋入之集成電抗性負載的設計方法 48
3.6 分析與討論 55

第四章 圓形微帶天線之圓極化設計
(Design of Circularly Polarized Circular Microstrip Antennas) 64
4.1 概述 64
4.2 設計概念 68
4.3 使用似馬刺 (spur-line) 之狹孔的設計方法 70
4.4 分析與討論 74

第五章 縮小化圓形微帶天線之圓極化設計
(Design of Compact Circularly Polarized Circular Microstrip Antennas) 78
5.1 概述 78
5.2 設計概念 78
5.3 使用四對折角槽孔 (bent-slots) 的設計方法 79
5.4 分析與討論 82

第六章 雙頻圓極化操作微帶天線之設計
(Design of Dual-band Circularly Polarized Circular Microstrip Antennas) 91
6.1 概述 91
6.2 設計概念 92
6.3 使用不同軸比橢圓形堆疊結構 (stacked elliptic microstrip antenna) 的設計方法 92
6.4 分析與討論 94

第七章 結論 (Conclusions) 101

參考文獻 (References) 103


圖 形 目 錄
頁次
圖2.1.1 使用雙饋入源的雙頻帶操作微帶天線幾何結
構圖: (a)探針饋入源 (b)槽孔饋入源. 9
圖2.1.2 使用單饋入源的雙頻帶操作微帶天線幾何結
構圖: (a)探針饋入源 (b)槽孔饋入源. 10
圖2.1.3 使用堆疊結構的雙頻帶操作微帶天線幾何結構圖: (a)探
針饋入在上方微帶金屬片 (b)探針饋入在下方微帶金屬
片 11
圖2.1.4 使用短路棒操作於雙頻帶的三角形微帶天線幾何
結構圖 12
圖2.3.1 開口環狀槽孔的雙頻圓形微帶天線之幾何結構圖 15
圖2.3.2 使用IE3D模擬軟體分析所得到的圓形微帶天線共振在
第一個模態時的表面電流密度分佈圖 16
圖2.3.3 使用IE3D模擬軟體分析所得到的圓形微帶天線共振在
第二個模態時的表面電流密度分佈圖 17
圖2.4.1 在改變開口環狀槽孔的寬度w下，實驗量測所得的圓形
微帶天線之兩個共振模態的反射損耗頻率響應圖 20
圖2.4.2 實驗量測所得的圓形微帶天線之兩個共振模態
的頻率比對不同開口環狀槽孔的寬度w下的變化圖 21
圖2.4.3 實驗量測所得到的開口環狀槽孔之圓形微帶天線操作於
w = 0.5 mm時f1 = 1660 MHz, f2 = 2041 MHz的E-plane與
H-plane遠場輻射場型圖 22
圖2.4.4 實驗量測所得到的開口環狀槽孔之圓形微帶天線於w為0.5 mm
操作在f1 = 1660 MHz和f2 = 2041 MHz時的微帶天線增益圖 23
圖3.1.1 設計在寬頻帶操作的微帶天線幾何結構圖: (a)使用厚的
介質基底 (b)使用堆疊結構 27
圖3.1.2 使用晶片電阻於微帶天線的寬頻帶操作設計幾何結構圖 28
圖3.1.3 使用槽孔耦合的寬頻帶操作微帶天線幾何結構圖: (a)使
用矩形寬槽孔 (b)使用H形槽孔 29
圖3.1.4 使用L形探針饋入的寬頻帶操作微帶天線幾何結構圖 30
圖3.3.1 利用探針饋入使用二個開口環狀槽孔的寬頻帶操作微帶天線幾何結構圖. 35
圖3.3.2 實驗量測所得的圓形微帶天線操作於寬頻帶之反射損
耗頻率響應圖 36
圖3.3.3a實驗量測所得的寬頻帶圓形微帶天線操作於第一個
共振模態 (f = 2148 MHz) 時的E-plane (y-z plane) 與H-
plane (x-z plane) 遠場輻射場型圖 37
圖3.3.3b實驗量測所得的寬頻帶圓形微帶天線操作於第二個
共振模態 (f = 2200 MHz) 時的E-plane (y-z plane) 與H-
plane (x-z plane) 遠場輻射場型圖 38
圖3.3.4 實驗量測所得的寬頻帶圓形微帶天線在最大輻射場
強度方向上的天線增益頻率響應圖 39
圖3.4.1 使用集成電抗性負載於寬頻帶操作的圓形微帶天線
幾何結構圖 42
圖3.4.2 實驗量測所得的圓形微帶天線操作於寬頻帶之輸入阻抗與頻率響應圖 43
圖3.4.3 實驗量測所得的圓形微帶天線操作於寬頻帶之所測量到的反射損耗頻率響應圖 44
圖3.4.4a實驗量測所得的寬頻帶圓形微帶天線操作於第一個
共振模態 (f = 1885 MHz) 時的E-plane (y-z plane) 與H-
plane (x-z plane) 遠場輻射場型圖 45
圖3.4.4b實驗量測所得的寬頻帶圓形微帶天線操作於第二個
共振模態 (f = 1947 MHz) 時的E-plane (y-z plane) 與H-
plane (x-z plane) 遠場輻射場型圖 46
圖3.4.5 實驗量測所得的寬頻帶圓形微帶天線在量測平面上之最大輻射場強度方向的天線增益頻率響應圖 47
圖3.5.1 使用50歐姆微帶線做饋入的集成電抗性負載於寬頻帶操作的圓形微帶天線幾何結構圖 50
圖3.5.2 實驗量測所得的圓形微帶天線操作於寬頻帶之反射
損耗頻率響應圖 51
圖3.5.3a實驗量測所得的寬頻帶圓形微帶天線操作於第一個
共振模態 (f = 1885 MHz) 時的E-plane (y-z plane) 與H-
plan (x-z plane) 遠場輻射場型圖 52
圖3.5.3b實驗量測所得的寬頻帶圓形微帶天線操作於第二個
共振模態 (f = 1945 MHz) 時的E-plane (y-z plane) 與H-
plane (x-z plane) 遠場輻射場型圖 53
圖3.5.4 實驗量測所得的寬頻帶圓形微帶天線在量測平面上
的最大輻射場強度方向的天線增益頻率響應圖 54
圖3.6.1 使用似▽型集成電抗性負載結構於寬頻帶操作的圓形微帶天線幾何結構圖 58
圖3.6.2 使用似T型集成電抗性負載結構於寬頻帶操作的圓形微帶天線幾何結構圖 59
圖3.6.3 實驗量測所得的圓形微帶天線操作對應於使用似▽型集成電抗性負載結構寬頻帶之輸入阻抗與頻率響應圖 60
圖3.6.4 實驗量測所得的圓形微帶天線操作對應於使用似T型寬頻帶之所測量到的反射損耗頻率響應圖 61
圖3.6.5 實驗量測所得的似▽型寬頻帶圓形微帶天線在量測平面上的最大輻射場強度方向的天線增益頻率響應圖 62
圖3.6.6 實驗量測所得的似T型寬頻帶圓形微帶天線在量測平面上
的最大輻射場強度方向的天線增益頻率響應圖 63
圖4.1.1 傳統雙饋入的圓極化操作的微帶天線 65
圖4.1.2 傳統單饋入的圓極化操作的微帶天線 66
圖4.2.1 挖直狹孔單饋入方式的圓極化操作微帶天線設計 68
圖4.3.1 使用似馬刺狹孔的單饋入圓極化操作圓形微帶天線幾何
結構圖 70
圖4.3.2 使用IE3D模擬軟體分析所得到的直狹孔單饋入圓極化操作圓形微帶天線的表面電流密度分佈圖 71
圖4.3.3 使用IE3D模擬軟體分析所得到的似馬刺狹孔單饋入圓極化操作圓形微帶天線的表面電流密度分佈圖 72
圖4.4.1 實驗量測所得的使用似馬刺狹孔圓極化操作的微帶天線輸入阻抗頻率響應圖 74
圖4.4.2 實驗量測所得的使用似馬刺狹孔圓極化操作的微帶天線史密斯圖 75
圖4.4.3 實驗量測所得的圓極化操作的微帶天線設計於
共振頻率在1837 MHz時的y-z plane與x-z plane遠場輻射場型圖 76
圖4.4.4 實驗量測所得的微帶天線圓極化軸比圖 (中心頻率f =
1837 MHz) 77
圖5.3.1 使用四對彎曲槽孔的單饋入圓極化操作圓形微帶天線幾
何結構圖 81
圖5.4.1 實驗量測所得的使用四對彎曲槽孔圓極化操作的微帶天線史密斯圖 84
圖5.4.2 實驗量測所得的圓極化操作的微帶天線設計於
共振頻率在1833 MHz時的y-z plane與x-z plane遠場輻射場型圖 85
圖5.4.3 實驗量測所得的微帶天線圓極化軸比圖 (中心頻率f = 1833 MHz) 86
圖5.4.4 使用八對彎曲槽孔的單饋入圓極化操作圓形微帶天線幾
何結構圖 87
圖5.4.5 實驗量測所得的使用八對彎曲槽孔圓極化操作的微帶天線史密斯圖 88
圖5.4.6 實驗量測所得的縮小圓極化操作的微帶天線設計於
共振頻率在1766 MHz時的y-z plane與x-z plane遠場輻射場型圖 89
圖5.4.7 實驗量測所得的縮小化微帶天線圓極化軸比圖 (中心頻率f = 1766 MHz) 90
圖6.3.1 使用不同軸比橢圓形堆疊結構之雙頻帶圓極化操作微帶天線的幾何結構圖 93
圖6.4.1 實驗量測所得的使用不同軸比橢圓形堆疊結構之雙頻帶圓極化操作的微帶天線史密斯圖 95
圖6.4.2a實驗量測所得的雙頻帶圓極化操作的微帶天線設計於
共振頻率在1908 MHz時的y-z plane與x-z plane遠場輻射場型圖 96
圖6.4.2b實驗量測所得的雙頻帶圓極化操作的微帶天線設計於
共振頻率在2660 MHz時的y-z plane與x-z plane遠場輻射場型圖 97
圖6.4.3a實驗量測所得的雙頻帶圓極化操作的微帶天線圓極化軸比圖 (中心工作頻率f = 1908 MHz) 98
圖6.4.3b實驗量測所得的雙頻帶圓極化操作的微帶天線圓極化軸比圖 (中心工作頻率f = 2660 MHz) 99
圖6.4.4 實驗量測所得的雙頻帶圓極化操作的微帶天線增益圖: (a) f = 1833 MHz (b) f = 2660 MHz 100





表 格 目 錄
頁次
表2.4.1 使用不同的設計參數所得到的圓形微帶天線操作於
平行極化的雙頻帶特性表 19
表3.3.1 使用不同的設計參數w和 所得到的圓形微帶天線操作於
寬頻帶特性表 34
表3.4.1 使用不同的集成電抗性負載結構所得到的圓形微帶天線操作於寬頻帶特性表 56
表5.3.1 使用不同的四對彎曲槽孔長度的縮小化圓形微帶天線操作於圓極化特性表 80

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（References）

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