有鑒於近年來台灣社會企業之蓬勃發展，本研究旨在透過了解社會企業的發展歷程，探討推動社會企業持續發展的關鍵因素為何。本研究以間斷均衡模型作為了解社會企業發展歷程之工具，並以個案研究法進行比較、歸納進而得出社會企業之關鍵發展因素。透過對4個個案的分析與比較，本研究發現建立與組織理念相符，正向且明確的組織文化、社會資本的積累以及領導人與員工自身之能力為影響社會企業存續與否的關鍵發展因素。冀期本研究得以提供有意發展社會企業的組織，找面臨危機或轉型之時，有效規劃及擬定策略，進而取得跟進一步的發展，盡可能避免功敗垂成，造成不必要的資源浪費。

The aim of this study is to understand social enterprise through development process and to explore the critical factors promoting sustainable development in Taiwan, given the vigorous development of social enterprise in the setting. In this study, we apply punctuated equilibrium model as a theoretical tool to understand the process, and adopt case study method to compare, generalize, and figure out the critical factors in the setting. Through the analysis and comparison of the four cases, we found that a positive and clear organizational culture establishment, the social capital leverage, and the leader and employees’ competence are the critical factors of social enterprise. We intend to provide some applications while the organizations faced with a crisis or in transition period. Furthermore, the study is to make an effective alignment with strategic plan and intentional outcome, and to avoid resource waste and eventually achieve further development.

論文審定書 i
致謝詞 ii
中文摘要 iii
英文摘要 iv
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機與目的 1
第二章 文獻探討 3
第一節 社會企業 3
一、社會企業之定義 3
二、社會企業在台灣的研究現況 6
第二節 間斷均衡模型 8
一、間斷均衡模型之定義 8
二、間斷均衡模型之研究現況 9
三、間斷均衡模型與社會企業之發展 10
第三章 研究方法 12
第一節 個案研究法 12
第二節 訪談問題設計 13
第三節 研究個案來源 13
第四節 資料選取方式 14
一、初級資料 14
二、次級資料 15
第五節 資料分析方式 15
第四章 個案公司研究分析與成果 17
第一節 A社會企業訪談分析 18
一、 A社會企業簡介 18
二、 A社會企業之發展歷程 18
三、 A社會企業的關鍵因素 20
四、 A社會企業的間斷均衡模型 22
五、 小結 23
第二節 B社會企業訪談分析 24
一、 B社會企業簡介 24
二、 B社會企業之發展歷程 24
三、 B社會企業的關鍵因素 26
四、 B社會企業的間斷均衡模型 28
五、 小結 29
第三節 C社會企業訪談分析 30
一、 C社會企業簡介 30
二、 C社會企業的發展歷程 30
三、 C社會企業的關鍵因素 32
四、 C社會企業的間斷均衡模型 34
五、 小結 35
第四節 D社會企業訪談分析 36
一、 D社會企業簡介 36
二、 D社會企業的發展歷程 37
三、 D社會企業的關鍵因素 38
四、 D社會企業的間斷均衡模型 40
五、 小結 40
第五節 個案綜合分析與命題發展 42
第五章 結論與討論 45
第一節 結論 45
第二節 討論 45
第三節 管理意涵 48
第四節 研究限制 50
第五節 未來研究方向 50
參考文獻 52
附錄一 訪談邀請函 56
附錄二 訪談問題大綱 58
附錄三 名詞解釋 59

圖次
圖2-1 間斷均衡模型 11
圖4-1 A社會企業的間斷均衡模型 23
圖4-2 B社會企業的間斷均衡模型 29
圖4-3 C社會企業的間斷均衡模型 35
圖4-4 D社會企業的間斷均衡模型 41

表次
表2-1 社會企業光譜 5
表2-2 混合光譜 6
表2-3 各研究領域應用間斷均衡模型之文獻 9
表3-1 研究個案背景資料與受訪者特性 16
表4-1 個案社會企業之關鍵因素一覽表

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