國際人力資本係幫助企業有效因應國際競爭的人力資本。有鑒於人力資本的重要性日增，卻缺乏一套有系統的理論架構，也鮮少有針對國際情境的量化研究，本研究因而引進系統觀點來歸類國際人力資本(將國際人力資本歸類為管理性人力資本、人力資本投入、人力資本轉換、及人力資本產出)，希望幫助企業建立合適的國際人力資本衡量指標，並找出國際人力資本與人力資本蓄積模式(文件化模式與社會化模式)、全球開創能力(全球學習能力及全球行銷能力)、及企業財務績效的關係。以結構方程式(SEM)驗證的結果發現:人力資本蓄積模式確實會影響國際人力資本的形成，而國際人力資本則對企業的全球開創能力及財務績效有正向的影響。

The major aim of this study is to develop an integrative framework of the determinants and consequence of international human capital, the human capital which enables a firm to compete globally. The open systems view is introduced to develop a comprehensive measurement of international human capital, which includes input-based, transformational, output-based, and managerial international human capital. Human capital accumulation modes (the documentation mode and the socialization mode) are identified as the potential determinant, and global initiatives (global learning and global marketing) and financial performance as the potential outcome. The Structural Equation Modeling technique is employed to investigate the determinants and outcome of the human capital system. The results support our expectation that human capital accumulation modes foster the development of international human capital, which in turn enhances a firm’s global initiatives and financial performance. Important role of output-based and managerial international human capital are also identified. Output-based international human capital not only enhances a firm’s financial performance, but also facilitates its global initiatives. Managerial international human capital, on the other hand, indirectly fosters a firm’s financial performance and global initiatives through its direct positive influences on the other international human capital components.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS i
LIST OF TABLES iii
LIST OF FIGURES iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS v
ABSTRACT (English) viii
ABSTRACT (Chinese) ix
CHAPTER
I INTRODUCTION 1
Research Background 1
Research Objectives 4
Expected Contributions 4
II LITERATURE REVIEW 7
Human Capital 7
Human Capital Measurement 10
A Systems Perspective of International Human Capital 18
Human Capital Accumulation Modes 35
Outcome of the Human Capital System 43
III METHODOLOGY 53
Theoretical Framework 53
Hypotheses 55
Sampling 55
Instrument 56
Data Analysis 63
IV ANALYSIS AND RESULTS 66
Descriptive Statistics 66
Factor Analysis 68
Correlation Analysis 72
Structural Equation Modeling 73
V DISSCUSSION AND CONCLUSION. 83
Discussion 83
Conclusion 86
Limitations and Further Research 89
REFERENCES 91
APPENDIX 103
Appendix A: Questionnaire (English Translation 103
Appendix B: Original Chinese Questionnaire 107

LIST OF TABLES
Table
2-1 Definitions of human capital 8
2-2 Measurements of human capital 11
4-1 Sample profile 67
4-2 Factor analysis – Human capital accumulation mode 69
4-3 Factor analysis - International human captial 70
4-4 Factor analysis – Global initiatives 72
4-5 Correlations 73
4-6 Goodness-of-fit statistics for the final SEM model 76
4-7 Standardized regression weights and p-value of the final SEM model 79
4-8 Standardized indirect effects – estimates 81
4-9 Test results of hypotheses 82

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure
2-1 International human capital: A systems perspective (Flow chart) 23
3-1 The theoretical framework of the study 60
4-1 The final SEM model 76

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