本論文的內容為針對微帶天線的不同饋入網路在實際應用設計方面做研究與探討，並將其應用在微帶天線之圓極化與寬頻帶操作等各種不同的設計上。在主動微帶天線之設計方面，使用雙極性電晶體做為放大元件設計出單級主動放大電路，透過50Ω微帶線與被動微帶天線相結合，形成具有大頻寬與高增益之主動微帶天線，操作於寬頻帶、雙頻帶與圓極化等不同模態之應用設計。在垂直雙饋入之寬頻圓極化微帶天線之設計，利用Wilkinson功率分配器做為饋入網路並與天線輻射元件分別蝕刻於不同的微波基材上，將之以垂直饋入之方式來連接此兩片基材；此設計之最大優點在於極佳的饋入隔離度，使得雙垂直輸入信號之誤差減少到最小，天線的阻抗頻寬與圓極化軸比頻寬可大幅增加。此種饋入方式可提供多項優點，諸如增加空間以供饋入網路或相關之微波電路使用，或是增大天線輻射材質與饋入網路材質間之隔離度，以消除不必要之寄生輻射或寄生耦合現象。最後，是使用共面波導饋入網路之微帶天線設計。我們利用電容性耦合槽孔之共面波導饋入方式于微帶天線之輻射特性做一系列的分析與探討，並且設計出利用共面波導饋入結構的特性而得到的兩種微帶天線設計。首先，將共面波導的饋入網路區分為兩個部份，其中一部份在天線基材之接地面上，另一部份被設計在分開的微波基材上，並令其與天線基底之共面波導饋入線以θ角度連接，θ角度可為小於180度之任意角；此兩部份之共面波導饋入網路就形成三度空間之立體饋入結構。此結構為達到設計簡單化且具有極佳微波電路界面的一種簡單微帶天線饋入設計方法。另外，利用電容性耦合槽孔之長度與天線的激發振盪頻率成反比之特性，設計出一種結構非常簡單的面積縮小化微帶天線。其面積縮小率可達到40%的效果。

The designs of various feeding networks for microstrip antennas have been investigated in this dissertation. In the active microstrip antenna designs, an amplifier-type microstrip antenna integrates a two- port amplifier circuitry to the various passive antennas through a 50Ω inset microstrip feed line which can function in broadband operation，CP operation and dual-frequency operation. As for the broadband circularly polarized microstrip antenna with a dual-perpendicular feed design, antenna with a dual-perpendicular feed which was formed by a Wilkinson power divider with a quarter-wavelength section of microstrip line for providing equal splitting of the input power and 90° phase difference to the two feed points has been presented. The broadband CP bandwidth can be achieved due to the good isolation between the two output lines of the feed network. In the microstrip antennas with CPW feed designs, we first proposed a microstrip antenna with three-dimensional CPW feed. A separate feed substrate is used which can provide a large-area space for the layout of complicated microwave circuitry. In addition, the feed substrate can also be oriented to the patch substrate with various angles, resulting in more flexibility in the proposed three-dimensional feed design. Finally, we proposed a design with two slot lines located at both sides of the coupling slot which can lengthen the excited patch surface current path, thus the resonant frequency is reduced and an antenna size reduction up to 40% has been obtained.

文 字 目 錄
頁次
文字目錄 i
圖形目錄 iii
表格目錄 xiii

第一章 序論（Introduction） 1
1.1 概述 1
1.2 文獻導覽 2
1.3 論文提要 3

第二章 主動微帶天線之設計（An Active Microstrip Antenna） 5
2.1 概述 5
2.2 寬頻主動正三角形微帶天線之設計 5
2.3 寬頻圓極化主動微帶天線之設計 16
2.4 雙頻主動矩形微帶天線之設計 24
2.5 結果與討論 36

第三章 使用垂直雙饋入之寬頻圓極化微帶天線之設計(A Broadband Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna with a Dual-Perpendicular Feed) 37
3.1 概述 37
3.2 設計理論 38
3.3 結果與討論 50

第四章 共面波導饋入方式微帶天線之設計 (Microstrip Antennas with Coplanar Waveguide Feed) 51
4.1 概述 51
4.2 使用共面波導饋入方式之基本特性的相關設計 51
4.3 三度空間共面波導饋入方式微帶天線之設計 81
4.4 使用共面波導饋入方式之縮小化矩形微帶天線設計 87
4.5 結果與討論 100

第五章 結論 (Conclusions) 101

參考文獻（References） 103

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