本文提出一具有自動頻率追蹤控制功能之高頻電子式安定器，使複金屬燈能操作於無音頻共振之頻率窗口，不論複金屬燈在任何情況下操作，一旦發生音頻共振，「自動頻率追蹤」法可即時改變安定器操作頻率，直到追蹤到一穩定工作頻率為止。
本文首先探討音頻共振發生現象，並分析複金屬燈發生音頻共振時的電特性，據以設計音頻共振偵測電路，研擬控制策略。本文以70W複金屬燈為對象，設計一高頻電子安定器，採半橋式D類共振式換流器之電路架構，以單晶片微處理器配合音頻共振偵測電路完成「自動頻率追蹤」法，在20kHz至30kHz之間，搜尋可穩定操作之頻率窗口。此外，前級以降昇壓轉換器作為定功率控制，使複金屬燈功率不因頻率變化而改變，維持在額定功率穩定工作；此降昇壓轉換器同時可兼作輸入之功因修正電路。

A high-frequency electronic ballast with auto-tracking control was proposed to operate the metal halide lamps at a specific frequency free from acoustic resonance. In case the acoustic resonance should happen, the operating frequency is changed step by step with the auto-tracking control, until the lamp is operated at a frequency with stable operation.
The electrical characteristics of the lamps are first investigated. Based on the investigated results, a detection circuit is designed to identify the occurrence of acoustic resonance. With the auto-tracking control, the Class-D half-bridge series-resonant inverter can be adopted for the high-frequency electronic ballast to achieve high efficiency and high power density. The control strategy of auto-tracking is practically realized by a single-chip microprocessor. The proposed approach is implemented on a 70 W test lamp with an operating frequency range from 20 kHz to 30 kHz. To regulate the lamp power at its rated value, a buck-boost converter is used as a pre-regulator, which serves also as a power-factor-corrector to achieve a high power factor at the input line.

中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目錄 III
圖表目錄 V
第一章 簡介 1
1-1 研究動機 1
1-2 本文大綱 3
第二章 複金屬燈之特性 4
2-1 高低頻特性 4
2-2 啟動特性 6
2-3 暫態特性 7
第三章 音頻共振現象分析與解決方法 10
3-1音頻共振現象 10
3-1-1已知音頻共振問題的解決方法 11
3-1-2音頻共振現象之分析 13
3-2音頻共振現象與雙邊帶載波發送振幅調變 15
3-2-1 雙邊帶載波發送振幅調變 15
3-2-1 波包檢波電路 17
3-3音頻共振偵測電路 19
第四章 複金屬燈安定器電路架構分析 24
4-1定功率之功因修正電路 24
4-2半橋式共振負載換流電路 28
4-3 點火電路 34
4-3-1 諧振電壓點火 34
4-3-2 單級高電壓點火電路 34
4-3 控制電路 36
4-3-1 控制流程 36
4-3-2 控制電路圖 38
第五章 實例與量測 41
5-1 電路實例 41
5-2 實驗結果 42
5-2-1 降升壓轉換器 42
5-2-2 降升壓轉換器之直流輸出電壓 43
5-2-3 半橋式共振換流器 44
5-3 點火電路 46
5-4 控制電路實驗結果 41
5-4-1 無音頻共振信號窗口的啟動 47
5-4-2 有音頻共振信號窗口的啟動 48
5-4-3 從上限頻率跳躍至下限頻率 49
第六章 結論與討論 54
參考文獻 54

圖 表 目 錄
圖2-1 複金屬燈低頻工作特性 5
圖2-2 複金屬燈高頻工作特性 5
圖2-3 複金屬燈光譜分布圖 6
圖2-4 頻率對複金屬發光效率的影響 6
圖2-5 複金屬燈的啟動暫態波形 7
圖2-6 複金屬燈A的啟動暫態波形 8
圖2-7 複金屬燈B的啟動暫態波形 9
圖3-1 音頻共振發生之燈管電壓與電流波形 14
圖3-2 DSB-TC AM信號的系統方塊圖 16
圖3-3 基頻信號與合成信號示意圖 17
圖3-4 (a)波包檢波電路,(b)輸入信號Vin(t),(c)輸出信號Vout(t) 18
圖3-5 音頻共振時所量測之燈管電壓波形 19
圖3-6 音頻共振偵測電路 20
圖3-7 音頻共振與偵測電路各點量測之波形 21
圖3-8 音頻共振信號與頻率關係圖 22
圖3-9 音頻共振信號與頻率關係圖 23
圖4-1 雙級高功因電子安定器方塊圖 24
圖4-2 降升壓式功因修正電路 25
圖4-3 電感電流iL波形 26
圖4-4 串聯諧振並聯負載式換流器 29
圖4-5 並聯負載諧振式換流器等效電路圖 29
圖4-6 負載電流與操作頻率之關係 32
圖4-7 輸出電壓增益大小對操作頻率之響應特性曲線 33
圖4-8 單級高電壓點火電路 35
圖4-9 具有單級高電壓點火電路之串聯諧振並聯負載式換流器 36
圖4-10 控制流程圖 37
圖4-11 控制電路 39
圖5-1 電路架構圖 40
圖5-2 輸入電壓及輸入電流波形 42
圖5-3 整流後輸入電壓Vrec及ILb電流波形 42
圖5-4 DCM模式下工作之導通率D及電感電流Ib波形 43
圖5-5 20 kHz燈管啟動電壓及降升壓轉換器輸出電壓Vdc波形 44
圖5-6 30 kHz啟動電壓及降升壓轉換器直流輸出電壓Vdc波形 44
圖5-7 穩態工作之燈管電壓及電流波形 45
圖5-8 切換開關Q1導通率及電流波形 45
圖5-9 諧振點火燈管電壓的波形 46
圖5-10 單級點火電路燈管電壓的波形 46
圖5-11 Philips 70 W之燈管1之音頻共振信號與頻率關係圖 47
圖5-12 20kHz穩態工作之燈管電壓及電流波形 48
圖5-13 23kHz穩態工作之燈管電壓及電流波形 48
圖5-14 21kHz啟動之燈管電壓、電流與音頻共振信號波形 49
圖5-15 21k Hz之音頻共振信號波與操作頻率關係 49
圖5-16 24.2k Hz啟動之燈管電壓、電流與音頻共振信號波形 50
圖5-17 24.2k Hz之音頻共振信號波與操作頻率關係 50
圖5-18 Philips 70W之燈管2之音頻共振信號與頻率關係圖 51
圖5-19 30 kHz啟動之燈管電壓、電流與音頻共振信號波形 52
圖5-20 30 kHz之音頻共振信號波與操作頻率關係 52
表5-1 電路規範 41
表5-2 電路參數 41
表5-3 電路實際量測結果 43

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