本文旨在探討不同薄膜材料於室溫下之皺褶現象與疲勞特性。透過拉伸試驗獲得矩形薄膜之拉伸數據，繪製出不同材質與厚度的應力應變曲線，同時觀察拉伸試驗的過程，分析皺摺生長的機制與特性；疲勞試驗採用應變控制型式，經試驗可得薄膜之疲勞數據，再將此數據繪製成疲勞壽命圖，藉此可分析PE薄膜之疲勞特性。

本試驗使用MTS Model42微拉伸試驗機，針對聚乙烯與聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯薄膜進行拉伸試驗，使用50 N的負載計，應變速率為0.000520 s-1，試驗過程中同時利用攝影機進行紀錄。由於薄膜特性軟容易受損，因此設計矩形固定框架用以固定與減少碰撞。將拉伸試驗數據做為標準，針對聚乙烯薄膜進行低週期疲勞試驗，設定頻率0.3 Hz，應變比為0.1，藉此可獲得聚乙烯薄膜之疲勞特性。

分析試驗結果得知，薄膜材料其皺褶變化具有規律性，在彈性區域內，可將皺褶變化過程劃分為兩階段：一、面內變形階段，二、面外變形階段，此二階段可解釋皺摺於彈性區內的生長機制與特性，將試驗數據與影像對照可得每一條皺褶生成時，所對應的負載大小，藉此可預測皺褶之數量並可透過改變試片之厚度、形狀，抑制皺褶的生成。聚乙烯試片製成薄膜型態，其疲勞特性與金屬材料相似，可區分為彈性與塑性區，藉由彈性與塑性曲線，繪製成完整之疲勞壽命曲線，對聚乙烯薄膜材料的應用與分析，提供壽命預測的模型。

This thesis aims to investigate the phenomenon of wrinkles and fatigue behavior of thin films with different materials at room temperature. We plotted the stress and strain diagrams of different materials and thicknesses by the tensile tests. We also observed the tensile testing process and analyzed the mechanisms of wrinkles. In order to understand the fatigue failure mechanisms and the influence factors, the uniaxial tension-tension low cycle fatigue (LCF) tests under strain control are necessarily needed. After the cyclic tests, we received the results of fatigue properties and life.

Polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) thin films were both used in tensile tests. They were in rectangular shape, bonded on the cardboard frame, and clipped in an MTS Model42 micro-tensile system. In tensile tests, we chose the 50N load cell, and adopted 0.000520 s-1 strain rate. During the process of tensile tests, we used the high speed camera to record the wrinkling evolution. From tensile tests, we obtained the mechanical properties of thin films and mechanisms as the base-line data. In fatigue tests, we adopted strain controlled mode of sinusoidal wave with strain ratio R = 0.1 at frequency 0.3 Hz for PE thin films only.

The results show that the wrinkling evolution trend of different thin films is almost the same. The evolution of wrinkles can be divided into two stages: 1. in-plane deformation phase. 2. out-of-plane deformation. These stages can be used to describe the mechanisms of wrinkle growth from elastic to plasitc zone. The fatigue behaviors of PE thin films are similar to aluminum foils. From the fatigue tests, we obtained the strain and life diagram which composed of two straight line of elastic part and plastic part. According to the fatigue data, we can construct the life prediction curve.

論文審定書 i
誌謝 ii
摘要 iii
Abstract iv
目錄 v
圖次 vii
表次 ix
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 研究動機 1
1-3 薄膜的皺褶現象 2
1-4 研究方向 3
1-5 文獻回顧 4
第二章 試驗方法 8
2-1 薄膜材料 8
2-2 儀器設備 9
2-3 試驗簡述 10
2-4 試片的準備與製作 10
2-5 拉伸試驗與疲勞試驗 11
2-5-1 常溫拉伸試驗 11
2-5-2 常溫疲勞試驗 11
2-5-3 實驗儀器設置 12
2-5-4 薄膜固定框架設計 12
2-5-5 疲勞實驗步驟 13
第三章 拉伸試驗結果 22
3-1 常溫拉伸試驗結果 22
3-2 薄膜皺褶測量結果 23
第四章 疲勞試驗結果 34
4-1 常溫疲勞試驗結果 34
第五章 討論 40
5-1 薄膜皺褶的產生及演化 40
5-1-1 PE薄膜之皺褶現象 40
5-1-2 PET (S10)系列薄膜之皺褶現象 40
5-1-3 PE與PET(S10)薄膜皺褶的生長現象 41
5-1-4 薄膜皺褶生長機制 42
5-1-5 皺褶生長因素 43
5-2 疲勞作用對PE薄膜之影響 44
5-2-1 PE薄膜之疲勞現象 44
5-2-2 PE薄膜之疲勞機制 44
5-2-3 PE薄膜疲勞試驗問題探討 45
第六章 結論 50
參考文獻 51
附錄一 Crosshead速率對照表(0.3Hz) 55
附錄二 PET(S10)薄膜皺褶臨界負載圖 56
附錄三 疲勞參數計算方法 58

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