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博碩士論文 etd-0620100-213752 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0620100-213752
論文名稱
Title
影響志願性團體參與的決定性因素—以社會服務團體為例
The determinants of participation in voluntary association: An empirical analysis of social service organization.
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
94
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2000-06-04
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2000-06-20
關鍵字
Keywords
參與行為、社會服務團體、志願性團體、實證分析
Participation behavior, Voluntary association, Social service organization, Empirical analysis
統計
Statistics
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The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5670 times, has been downloaded 4852 times.
中文摘要
本研究是根據中央研究院社會學研究所於一九九六年七月所執行,行政院國家科學委員會補助之「台灣地區社會變遷基本調查」第三期第二次調查資料發展出來,要探討哪些因素會影響志願性團體的參與行為,並將驗證過去文獻所得的結論,研究的重點放在社會服務團體。本研究的樣本有2831個。
研究發現:(1)志願性團體的參與者中,會從事捐款行為的人約略的特徵為學歷較高、平常與人接觸較為頻繁、對於工作滿意程度較低、需要去尋求另外的內在成就動機、從事的工作性質偏向服務業等可以對工作有較高的自主性、工作穩定性較高不容易因結構性因素而失業者、傾向於將社會上財富的差距歸因於外在因素(如經濟體系的問題)而不是個人本身的問題、收入方面相對較高者。(2) 對於高涉入的參與行為來說,會去成為志工或是會員者有以下的特徵:年齡偏高、教育程度偏高、工作滿意程度偏低,希望藉由參與志願性團體來獲得內在成就動機、工作性質偏向服務類等分佈於都會區,較易接近志願性團體、工作自主性較大,可以決定工作時間或方式、工作較為穩定,或是比較不用為工作而煩惱、在政治功效的意識上傾向於負面的看法,不認為政府的決策可以改變社會現象、對社會差異的歸因同樣傾向於外在歸因,也就是認為這樣的差異是因為個人無法控制的外在因素所造成的、在個人可支配時間方面,有較多的時間可以去從事有興趣之事、收入方面較一般平均為高。
就上述的分析,志願性團體的管理者可以大略瞭解捐款者的背景,因此在媒體宣傳及社會理念的傳遞上,應更進一步地去研究,讓社會大眾對於所從事團體的理念有正面的看法及印象,可以針對這些已經是捐款者或是潛在捐款者加強傳遞訊息,激發其捐款行動,並使這些人成為訊息傳播的通路。另外,針對這樣的族群,找出與參與者特徵相符合的人,利用方法吸引捐款者從事更進一步的參與行為。
在一般管理者而言,我發現對於工作滿意程度、工作自主性等工作方面的變項,有可能會影響員工對於其他團體的參與行為,因此,一方面可以藉由員工在志願性團體方面的表現,調查其原因,若是因為工作方面的不滿才導致員工的參與行為,則可以在本身制度面加以改善,針對其不滿意的部份加以檢討,防範於未來。另一方面,雇主亦可以利用員工社團、員工定期捐款等方式加強與志願性團體的連結,讓員工可以發揮其成就動機,對於組織的貢獻較大、也對於整個社會有所幫助,造成一個雙贏的局面。
Abstract
The voluntary association is the mediate between society and individuals; it serves as a prime engine for social changes. Therefore, it is very important to find out who the voluntary association participants are. Previous research has focused primarily on demographic attributes of voluntary association participants. In addition to the demographic factors, this study investigates the effects of job characteristics, work-related attitudes, perceptions of social inequality, and resource constrains on the probability of participation.
Based on 1996 “ Taiwan Social Change Survey,” this study uses logistic regression to model the determinants of participation in voluntary associations of more than 2000 respondents. The result shows that job satisfaction is negatively associated with participation rate and job stability has a positive effect on participation. With respect to the perceived causes of social inequality, situational attribution is positively correlated with probability of participation. Finally, respondents with lower family responsibilities and higher income are more likely to participate in voluntary association.
目次 Table of Contents
目錄
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究問題 4
第三節 研究範圍與對象 4
第四節 論文章節 4
第二章 文獻探討與研究假設 6
第一節 文獻探討 6
一、 志願性團體的構成 6
二、 影響志願性團體參與變數的研究 8
三、 參與志願性組織動機的相關研究 16
四、社會現象歸因與志願性團體的參與 17
五、工作變項對於志願性團體參與行為的影響 19
第二節 研究假設 21
A. 社會人口統計變項 21
B. 社會現象歸因 23
C. 工作變項 24
D. 外在因素變項 25
第三章 研究方法 26
第一節 研究變數描述與操作型定義 26
第二節 抽樣原則與樣本選取 32
第三節 樣本之敘述性統計 36
第四節 資料的分析方法 39
第五節 邏輯迴歸分析(Logistic Regression Analysis) 42
第四章 資料分析結果 46
第一節 志願性團體的單變量分析 46
第二節 人口統計變數與志願性團體的關係 50
第三節 工作變項和志願性團體參與行為的關係 54
第四節 社會現象歸因與志願性團體參與行為的關係 57
第五節 外部因素對於志願性團體的影響 59
第六節 全部變數對於志願性團體的影響 62
第七節 分析整理 63
第五章 結論 72
第一節 研究結論 72
第二節 管理意涵及建議 76
第三節 研究限制 78
第四節 對後續研究的建議 80
參考文獻 81
附錄 87

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