自1987年開放台灣人民赴大陸探親以來，海峽兩岸間的交流與互動日漸頻繁，而為了因應全球經濟共同體的趨勢與面對台灣產業環境的驟變，企業必須慎思其在全球競爭壓力中保有競爭優勢，顯然國際化已為台灣企業提高其全球激烈競爭力，競逐在世界舞台的第一步。由於中國大陸為深具潛力的開發中市場，同時又具備低廉勞力與豐富資源等諸多特性，在同文同種的先天優勢考量下，吸引台灣企業大舉西進投資，故現今中國大陸已成為台灣對外投資的首要區域。因此本研究擬就中國大陸此一區域，探討台灣企業對大陸投資之進入模式與進入時點之策略。
企業進行國際擴張與移動時，必須就投資環境、組織內部資源與能力考量其對外投資時之進入策略做考量。由於中國大陸為晚期對外開放市場者，其具備新興經濟區的特性，因此相較於歐美其他已開發國家經濟體系之投資考量亦會有所不同，而台灣企業所具備的獨特性，使其相較於一般國際理論中所探討的企業國際化歷程顯然會有所差異，因此本研究就三個構面：投資動機、策略考量與子公司角色的差異，依序探討其對於企業投資中國大陸時之進入策略影響。
本研究共收集48份有效問卷，分析結果顯示企業在降低成本與取得市場之動機下，使得企業進入大陸時傾向以獨資的模式進入。子公司角色將會影響企業進入模式之選取，其中積極型子公司傾向以獨資模式進入、自主型子公司則是傾向以合資模式進入；就經營成本、取得市場資訊與當地技術/資源下，企業傾向早期進入中國市場，而就全球運籌分工體系的策略考量，企業亦會傾向早期進入。本研究即針對上述議題進行探討與分析，最後並提出相關之研究建議與未來發展方向。

In1987, the Government released the law about restricting people to cotact between Taiwan and China, and the trade between Taiwan and China became more and more important. With the trend of economic community in globe and the industrial environment in Taiwan changed, the Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) should think about them how to keep advantages in global competition. Internationalization is the best choice that can help Taiwanese enterprises promote their competitive position in the world. China is a developing market and a lot advantages, such as rich resources and cheaper labors. Above all, China has become the major location of Taiwanese firm’s foreign direct investment.
Compared with the process of MNEs located in North America/European Unit (developed countries, DC), the international process of Taiwan’s MNEs is very different with in other countries. This is interested topic to investigate the entry strategies of Taiwanese firm’s FDI in China. Focused on China, this thesis try to find out the model of entry mode and entry timing. The two basic types of entry mode are wholly owned subsidiary (WOS) and joint venture (JV). This study also defined the FDI timing of 1993 is the intermediary to differentiate early entrant from latter entrant.
The study collects 48 effective cases from electronics and non-electronics industries. The analytical technique used in this research includes descriptive statistics, factor analysis, cluster analysis, bivariate correlations, Multivariate Analysis Covariate of Variance (MANCOVA) and logistic regression. The study finds that the strategic roles of the MNEs have significant influences on the choice of entry mode. With different strategic motivations, the type of entry mode and the timing of entry are also difference. The relationship between entry mode and entry timing is not significant. In the view of global logistic management, Taiwan’s MNEs will be an early entrant in China.

第一章 序論 1
第一節 研究背景 1
第二節 研究動機與目的 3
第三節 研究流程與內容 5
第二章 文獻探討 7
第一節 新興經濟區域-中國大陸 7
一、新興經濟區的特性 7
二、中國大陸經濟現況 9
三、台灣產業在大陸投資現況 17
第二節 進入模式與國際化理論探討 23
一、進入模式之主要影響因素 23
二、進入模式與國際化相關理論 25
三、投資動機與進入模式 32
四、策略考量與進入模式 34
五、公司策略性角色演化 36
第三節 進入時點的決策模式 39
一、台灣對大陸的經貿政策沿革： 39
二、傳統國際投資理論對於進入時點之探討 41
三、先佔優勢與缺點 43
第三章 研究方法與假設 47
第一節研究架構之建立 47
一、研究架構 47
二、研究議題 48
第二節 研究假說 49
第三節 研究變項與問卷設計 56
一、進入模式 56
二、進入時機 56
三、投資動機 57
四、策略考量 58
五、公司策略角色 58
六、控制變數 60
第四節 資料分析方法 61
一、統計分析 61
二、因素分析 61
三、雙變數相關分析 61
四、集群分析 61
五、共變異數分析 62
六、多元迴歸分析 62
第五節 問卷之信度與效度 63
一、效度分析 63
二、信度分析 63
第四章 研究結果分析與討論 65
第一節 回收樣本的基本資料 65
一、樣本寄發與回收情形 65
二、樣本之特性 65
第二節 研究樣本之基本分析 66
一、研究變數之描述性統計分析 66
二、樣本特徵分析 67
三、研究變數效度分析 70
四、子公司角色分類 74
第三節 研究假說檢定之結果 76
一、子公司之進入模式 76
二、子公司之進入時點 81
第五章 研究結論與建議 85
第一節 研究結論 85
一、研究結果 85
二、台灣企業對大陸投資之所有權型態 86
三、台灣企業對大陸投資之進入時點研究 87
四、結語 88
第二節研究發現與討論 90
參考文獻 91
附錄：企業海外投資研究之問卷調查 98

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12.吳育璋（民89），多國籍企業子公司角色類型與影響演變因素之研究—以多國籍企業在台子公司為例，國立中山大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
13.翁景民、曾義明（民84），國際進入模式決策之折衷理論暨國際進入模式組合之研究，台大管理論叢，6（2）：25-60。
14.曾志弘（民90），多國籍企業子公司自主權與主導行為影響因素之研究：以多國籍企業在台子公司為例，國立中山大學企業管理研究所未出版博士論文。
15.彭玉樹（民89），臺商對外投資時機之研究—以資訊電子、紡織和製鞋業為，國立政治大學企業管理研究所未出版博士論文。
16.經濟部（民85），兩岸經貿白皮書。
17.經濟部（民88），投資審議委員會，中華民國歷年核准華僑及外國人投資/對外投資/對外技術合作/對大陸間接投資/大陸產業技術引進統計年報。
18.鄭祥麟（民89），從產業生態學觀點分析中小企業國際化行為—以越南台商為例，國立中山大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。

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