在本論文中，提出了適用於金屬材質上的射頻辨識(Radio Frequency
Identification, RFID)系統之標籤天線與讀卡機天線。在標籤天線設計部份，利用
具有接地面(ground plane)的微帶天線型式來降低金屬物的效應，並且在天線設計
上面預留幾個參數進行分析與探討，用來調整標籤天線的阻抗，以便針對不同的
IC晶片做阻抗匹配。在讀卡機天線設計部分，使用雙饋入方式搭配U型耦合槽孔
來達成圓形極化天線，其中兩個饋入具有900相位差且等振幅的激發電流由一個
Wilkinson功率分配器提供。因此，可以得到良好的圓形極化微帶天線，且3dB
圓極化軸比頻寬可以達到30％以上。
接著我們分別針對射頻辨識系統使用頻帶不同而造成天線使用上的困擾和
圓極化天線頻寬部份提出雙頻天線及寬頻圓極化天線設計。在雙頻天線設計部
分，利用不同的共振路徑來分別涵蓋915 與2450MHz 兩個頻帶，以符合RFID
系統在UHF 及ISM 頻帶的應用。在寬頻圓極化天線部分，使用一個正方形槽孔，
並在其中心上植入一個適當尺寸的十字金屬負載。而藉由調整十字金屬負載尺寸
來激發兩個等振幅且相差90 度的相鄰垂直模態，以便達成圓形極化波。此設計
所獲得的3dB 圓極化軸比頻寬可以達到12％以上。

In this thesis, we propose tag and reader antennas which are suitable when
attended to metal material for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems. For tag
antenna design, we use microstrip antenna with ground plane to reduce the metal
effect. In order to match the impedance of different IC chip, some parameter of the tag
antenna are designed and described, which can be used to adjust the impedance of tag
antenna. For reader antenna design, circularly polarized patch antenna can be
achieved by using dual-feeding technique with U-shaped aperture-coupled, where the
dual feeds with a phase shift and equal input power amplitude are provided by a
Wilkinson power divider. Therefore, a good right-hand circular polarization is
obtained and a 3-dB CP bandwidth of the designed reader antenna is greater than 30
％.
900
We then design dual-band antenna and broad CP bandwidth antennas. In the
dual-band design, two resonant paths are utilized to cover 915 and 2450 MHz bands
that can be used for RFID systems in UHF and ISM bands. In the broad CP bandwidth
design, a square slot antenna is used with a cross patch placed at the center of the
square slot. Two orthogonal resonant modes with phase difference and equal
input power amplitude can be excited by choosing the proper dimensions of the cross
patch. A 3-dB CP bandwidth of the designed circularly polarized antenna is greater
than 12％.

致謝...................................................................................................................................I
摘要(中文)...................................................................................................................... III
摘要(英文)...................................................................................................................... IV
目錄................................................................................................................................. V
圖表目錄........................................................................................................................VII
第一章 序論.. ................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 研究動機.................................................................................................. 1
1.2 研究方法.................................................................................................. 2
1.3 論文大綱.................................................................................................. 2
第二章 天線簡介.......................................................................................................... 4
2.1 微帶線模型.............................................................................................. 4
2.2 空腔模型理論.......................................................................................... 6
2.3 圓極化天線設計.................................................................................... 11
第三章 金屬對天線影響............................................................................................ 13
3.1 概述........................................................................................................ 13
3.2 模擬分析................................................................................................ 14
3.3 結論........................................................................................................ 21
第四章 標籤天線設計................................................................................................ 22
4.1 概述........................................................................................................ 22
4.2 標籤天線設計........................................................................................ 23
4.3 標籤天線設計模擬結果........................................................................ 24
4.4 標籤天線輸入阻抗之研究.................................................................... 27
第五章 讀卡機天線設計............................................................................................ 32
5.1 概述........................................................................................................ 32
V
5.2 讀卡機天線設計.................................................................................... 35
5.3 讀卡機天線之實驗結果........................................................................ 39
第六章 操作在UHF/ISM 頻段之印刷式雙頻射頻辨識系統天線.......................... 44
6.1 概述........................................................................................................ 44
6.2 設計概念................................................................................................ 44
6.3 實驗結果................................................................................................ 46
第七章 寬圓極化頻寬十字金屬負載槽孔天線......................................................... 51
7.1 概述........................................................................................................ 51
7.2 設計概念................................................................................................ 54
7.3 實驗結果................................................................................................ 56
第八章 結論................................................................................................................. 62
參考文獻......................................................................................................................... 64

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