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博碩士論文 etd-0622116-002247 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0622116-002247
論文名稱
Title
以內部光萃取結構增進有機電激發光二極體 效率之研究
Study of organic light-emitting diodes with internal light extraction structure
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
98
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2016-07-11
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2016-07-22
關鍵字
Keywords
有機發光二極體、內部光萃取、外部量子效率
OLED, EQE, internal light extraction
統計
Statistics
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中文摘要
本研究主要是應用工研院所提供含有微結構的AR(anti-reflection)基板與 PQC(準光子晶體)基板將其製作成OLED,使其有效降低元件內部的Waveguide mode光損耗,提升元件的光萃取效率及EQE。
本研究分為三個階段:
1. 對 AR、PQC基板做穿透度、表面型態之量測與探討。
2. 使用光固化高分子為填平層:將光固化高分子旋轉塗佈於AR、PQC基板上作為填平層,再以室溫濺鍍上銦錫氧化物薄膜(ITO),接著量測並觀察其穿透率、表面粗糙度以及片電阻值之變化,然後再進行ITO陽極之設計與製作。
3. 對於OLED標準元件的製作上,進行綠光以及藍光OLED元件發光效率的最佳化,然後應用在填平後的AR、PQC基板上製作出具有內部光萃取結構之綠光與藍光OLED元件,接著進行元件的光電特性量測,探討光萃取結構對於發綠光及藍光OLED元件的電性、亮度和發光效率之影響。

最後本實驗成功的在含有ITO陽極的AR、PQC基板上製作出具有內部光萃取結構之綠光和藍光OLED元件,其外部量子效率在亮度為1000cd/m2時的增進比例分別為18.9%和30.6%。


關鍵詞:內部光萃取,外部量子效率,有機發光二極體
Abstract
In this study, we fabricated organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with internal light extraction structure to reduce the Waveguide mode loss and increase the EQE by using the Anti-Reflection (AR) and Photonic Quasi Crystals (PQC) micro-structure substrate provided by ITRI.
The study was divided into three stages:
1. The transmittance and morphology of AR and PQC were measured and studied.
2. Light-curable polymer spin coated onto AR and PQC substrates respectively to filled the structure, and then Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) were sputter-deposited. The transmittance, morphology and sheet resistance of the AR and PQC substrates covered by Light-curable polymer and ITO were measured and studied. And then, design and fabrication of ITO anodes were performed.
3. The optimized standard green and blue OLED device structures were chosen to fabricate green and blue OLEDs with internal light extraction structure. The opto-electrical properties of the devices were measured and studied.
Finally, we successfully fabricated green OLEDs with AR structure and blue OLEDs with PQC structure respectively. Significantly, the green and blue OLEDs with internal light extraction structure have outstanding light extraction efficiency, which increase the external quantum efficiency (EQE) by 18.9% and 30.6% compared to standard OLEDs at 1000cd/m2 respectively.

Key words: internal light extraction, EQE,OLED
目次 Table of Contents
中文審定書 i
致謝 ii
中文摘要 iii
Abstract iv
目錄 v
表目錄 xi
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 有機電激發光二極體的歷史進展 2
1-3 OLED元件的結構介紹 4
1-3-1 雙層A型 4
1-3-2 雙層B型 4
1-3-3 三層A型 5
1-3-4 三層B型 5
1-4 OLED元件的基本發光原理 7
1-5 有機電激發光元件材料介紹 10
1-5-1 陽極 11
1-5-2 電洞注入層 11
1-5-3 電洞傳輸層 12
1-5-4 發光層 13
1-5-5 電子傳輸層 14
1-5-6 電子注入層 14
1-5-7 陰極 15
1-6 OLED 發光效率之定義 16
1-7 有機發光二極體光色之鑑定 19
第二章 理論基礎與實驗動機 21
2-1 OLED之電激發光能量轉移機制 21
2-1-1 輻射能量轉移 22
2-1-2 非輻射能量轉移 23
2-1-3 載子捕捉 (Carrier trapping) 方式 24
2-2 濃度淬熄效應 25
2-3 三重態自我毀滅現象 26
2-4 OLED元件的光損耗因素 27
2-5 近年來OLED之光萃取文獻 30
2-6 奈米壓印技術 31
2-7抗反射 (AR) 微結構 32
2-8準光子晶體 32
2-9 研究目的 34
第三章 實驗程序及實驗架構 35
3-1 本研究實驗架構主要分為 35
3-2 實驗材料 36
3-3 實驗器材 37
3-4 量測設備 42
3-4-1表面輪廓儀 (Surface profiler) 42
3-4-2原子力掃描探針顯微鏡 (Atomic Force Microscopy, AFM) 43
3-4-3四點探針儀 (Four-point-probe) 46
3-4-4紫外光-可見光光譜儀 (UV-Visible spectrometer) 47
3-4-5 薄膜光學特性分析儀 (N&K Analyzer) 48
3-4-6 有機電激發光元件光電特性量測系統 49
3-5 實驗步驟 50
3-5-1基板清潔 50
3-5-2 濺鍍圖案化ITO (Sputter-pattenred ITO) 製程 50
3-5-3 有機薄膜與金屬薄膜蒸鍍製程 53
3-5-4 OLED元件之封裝製程 57
3-5-5 OLED元件之量測 57
第四章 結果與討論 58
4-1 微結構基板的光學特性與表面分析 58
4-1-2 光固化填平材料塗佈於基板上之量測結果 62
4-2 具有AR結構之綠光OLED元件結構與光電特性量測 68
4-3具有PQC結構之藍光OLED元件結構與光電特性量測 72
4-4不同壓印次數PQC結構之藍光OLED元件製作與光電特性量測 76
第五章 結論 81
參考資料 83
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