電力系統基於經濟調度或系統運轉之考量，造成區域間的發電量與負載量嚴重不平衡，形成區域間有大量的電力傳輸潮流，當系統發生故障而導致部分輸電線跳脫時，有可能使得區域間的傳輸潮流超過暫態穩定對應之限制值，此時系統若未能即時採取適當的應變措施，將會導致發電機組的跳脫，極有可能造成電力系統全面崩潰。
本論文提出一套電力系統緊急事故時，快速跳脫發電機的特殊保護方法。利用能量間隙法及阻抗間隙法，將全部發電機組分為臨界發電機群及剩餘發電機群，再應用時域模擬法找出各種不同事故的暫態傳輸容量限制值。當事故發生後，將即時輸電線電力流量與其暫態傳輸容量之限制值做比較，決定最小須跳脫的發電量，再根據故障前事先建立的臨界發電機組群中，選擇適當的機組加以跳脫，以確保電力系統之穩定與安全。本論文以台電系統作為測試對象，針對不同區域間之電力傳輸量，以暫態穩定度程式模擬系統主要超高壓變電所發生故障時之暫態響應，以驗證所提出之跳脫發電機特殊保護措施的可行性。

Due to the consideration of economic dispatch or system operation, the regional severe unbalance between power generation and load demand will introduce large amount of power flow over the inter-area tie lines. The tripping of transmission lines due to power system fault contingency will result in the increase of power flow over the inter-area tie lines, which may violate the constraint of transient stability. The whole power system could be collapsed due to further tripping of more generators unless proper remedy actions are executed in tie.
This thesis proposes an effective approach to determine the generators to be tripped for power system protection. All of the generators in the power system are divided into critical group and non-critical group based on the methods of Energy-gap and Impedance-gap. The power flow capability limit of transmission lines on inter-areas have been derived by transient stability analysis. Once fault contingency occurs on the power system, the power flow of transmission lines on inter-area is compared to the above transmission limit to determine the generators in the critical group to be tripped. By this way, the stable operation of power system can be maintained after the contingency. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, the Taipower system is selected for computer simulation to verify the generator tripping by system transient stability analysis. Different scenarios of system fault contingencies on primary EHV substations with various power flow conditions over the inter-area tie lines have been investigated to confirm the power system performance by applying the proposed generator tripping.

論文摘要.................................................Ⅰ
Abstract.................................................Ⅱ
目錄.....................................................Ⅳ
圖目錄...................................................Ⅵ
表目錄...................................................Ⅹ
第一章 緒論..............................................1
1-1 研究背景與動機..............................1
1-2 論文內容概述................................4
第二章 電力系統暫態穩定度................................5
2-1 前言........................................5
2-2 暫態穩定度定義..............................6
2-3 暫態穩定度分析..............................8
2-3-1 建立電力系統數學模型.............9
2-3-2 故障前系統穩態初值之計算.........20
2-3-3 故障後系統動態之計算.............21
第三章 跳脫發電機之特殊保護策略..........................23
3-1 前言........................................23
3-2 跳脫發電機之特殊保護分析....................24
3-3 暫態傳輸容量限制............................26
3-4 發電機跳脫法................................29
3-4-1 穩定系統與不穩定系統之判別.......30
3-4-2 能量間隙法.......................34
3-4-3 阻抗間隙法.......................36
3-4-4 能量間隙法與阻抗間隙法之比較.....38
第四章 跳脫發電機之特殊保護事例模擬分析..................39
4-1 前言........................................39
4-2 台電系統架構及電力潮流模擬結果..............39
4-3 故障事例模擬分析與方法驗證..................42
4-3-1 事例一：中寮北匯流排故障.........43
4-3-2 事例二：龍潭北匯流排故障.........50
4-3-3 事例三：嘉民匯流排故障...........57
4-3-4 事例四：峨眉匯流排故障...........63
4-3-5 事例五：龍崎北匯流排故障.........70
第五章 結論及未來發展....................................76
5-1 結論........................................76
5-2 未來發展....................................77
參考文獻................................................78

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