本研究利用高流量PS-1空氣採樣器及階段是衝擊器（8階）分析南投縣竹山站及嘉義縣新港站非農燃與農燃燒時期中，大氣中多環芳香烴 (PAHs)之濃度特徵，並藉由粒徑分析探討多環芳香烴於不同粒徑之分佈，最後利用絕對主成分法 (APCA)分析露天燃燒地區之可能污染源。

竹山站非農燃期之平均濃度為330.04 ng/m3，農燃期之平均濃度為567.81 ng/m3；新港站非農燃期之平均濃度為427.46 ng/m3，農燃期之平均濃度為571.80 ng/m3。總PAHs濃度範圍，皆以農燃時期懸浮微粒濃度略高於非農燃時期。

竹山站非農燃及農燃期間PAHs之APCA 受體模式之污染源分析結果，竹山站於非農廢燃燒期間之移動源（汽油+柴油）佔66.50 ± 7.99 %、寺廟焚香排放佔14.83 ± 6.68 %及煤燃燒+木材燃燒排放佔18.67 ± 6.17 %，竹山站於農廢燃燒期間污染源為移動源(汽油)+稻桿燃燒排放佔57.27 ± 6.90 %與移動源（柴油）佔42.73 ± 6.89 %。

新港站在非農廢燃燒期間污染源為移動源（柴油）+寺廟焚香排放佔 45.67 ± 6.43 %及移動源（汽油）+塑膠製程焚化爐排放佔54.33 ± 6.39 %，新港站在農廢燃燒期間污染源為寺廟焚香+稻桿燃燒+移動源（汽油+柴油）排放佔50.69 ± 4.55 %、塑膠製程焚化爐排放佔36.78 ± 4.24 %及其他污染源排放佔12.53 ± 2.71 %。

This research used high-volume air sampling (PS-1) and micro-orifice uniform deposit impactor (MOUDI) to measure concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the air of a agricultural residue open burning area in Jhushan and Singang station during the rice straw non-burning and burning periods. And PAHs of different size distributions are analyzed. Finally, absolute principal component analyze (APCA) model confer the probable sources of pollution in open burning area.

The average PAHs concentrations were 330.04 and 567.81 ng/m3 during the rice straw non-burning and burning period in Jhushan station, the average PAHs concentrations were 427.16 and 571.80 ng/m3 during the rice straw non-burning and burning period in Singang station, respectively, in the rice straw burning period, which were higher than those on the non-burning days.

The results of APCA model analysis showed that the contributions of PAHs from mobile source (gasoline and diesel) were 66.50 ± 7.99 %, burning incense in temple source were 14.83 ± 6.68 % and burning coal and wood source were 18.67 ± 6.17 % during the rice straw non-burning period. PAHs from mobile (gasoline) and rice straw non-burning source were 57.27 ± 6.90 %, mobile source (diesel) were 42.73 ± 6.89 % during the rice straw burning period in Jhushan station.

The results of APCA model analysis showed that the contributions of PAHs from mobile (diesel) and burning incense in temple source were 45.67 ± 6.43 %, mobile (gasoline) and plastics incinerator source were 54.33 ± 6.39 % during the rice straw non-burning period. PAHs from burning incense in temple, rice straw, mobile (gasoline and diesel) source were 50.69 ± 4.55 %, plastics incinerator source were 36.78 ± 4.24 % and other source were 12.53 ± 2.71 %。

總目錄
謝誌 Ⅰ
摘要 Ⅱ
Abstract Ⅲ
總目錄 Ⅴ
表目錄 Ⅷ
圖目錄 Ⅹ
附表目錄 ⅩⅠ

第一章 前言
1-1 研究緣起 1-1
1-2 研究動機 1-1
第二章 文獻回顧
2-1 雲嘉南空品及南投地區89-95年空氣品質趨勢概述 2-1
2-1-1 空氣品質PSI變化趨勢 2-1
2-1-2 各空氣污染物濃度變化趨勢 2-2
2-1-3 風速與風向 2-6
2-2 多環芳香烴化合物 (PAHs) 2-9
2-2-1 多環芳香烴化合物之特性 2-9
2-2-2 多環芳香烴化合物之危害 2-13
2-2-3 多環芳香烴化合物之來源 2-17
2-2-4 多環芳香烴化合物濃度變化特性解析 2-21
2-2-5 多環芳香烴化合物粒徑分佈特性 2-22
2-3 多環芳香烴化合物之乾沉降 2-23
2-3-1 乾沉降機制 2-23
2-3-2 大氣中影響乾沉降之因素 2-24
2-3-3 乾沈降速度與乾沈降通量 2-24
2-4 懸浮微粒簡介 2-25
2-4-1 懸浮微粒定義 2-25
2-4-2 懸浮微粒形成及來源 2-26
2-5 露天燃燒特性 2-29
2-5-1 農廢燃燒所排放之污染物種 2-29
2-5-2 農廢露天燃燒量 2-30
2-6 受體模式 2-31
2-6-1 主成分分析/絕對主成分分析 2-31
第三章 研究方法與步驟
3-1 研究架構與流程 3-1
3-2 現場採樣 3-2
3-2-1 大氣多環芳香烴化合物採樣規劃 3-2
3-3 採樣方法與設備 3-3
3-3-1 大氣濃度採樣 3-3
3-3-2 乾沈降採樣 3-4
3-3-3 懸浮微粒粒徑分析 3-5
3-3-4 樣品分析 3-7
3-4 多環芳香烴化合物之污染來源分析 3-9
3-4-1 因子分析 3-9
3-4-2 絕對主成分分析 3-10
3-5 多環芳香烴化合物分析之品質保證與品質控制 3-15
3-5-1 空白試驗 3-15
3-5-2 方法偵測極限 3-16
3-5-3 檢量線之配置 3-16
3-5-4 準確度 3-17
3-5-5 精密度(RSD) 3-18
第四章 結果與討論
4-1 大氣濃度 4-1
4-1-1 大氣中總懸浮微粒濃度 4-1
4-1-2 大氣中總PAHs濃度 4-2
4-2 乾沈降 4-8
4-2-1 總懸浮微粒乾沉降通量 4-8
4-2-2 總懸浮微粒乾沉降速度 4-9

4-3 粒徑分佈 4-11
4-3-1 大氣中懸浮微粒粒徑分佈 4-11
4-3-1-1 懸浮微粒傳輸路徑之探討 4-13
4-3-2 大氣總PAHs之粒徑分佈 4-19
4-3-3 不同粒徑總PAHs濃度�總懸浮微粒濃度之比值 4-21
4-4 污染源解析與分佈 4-23
4-4-1 因子分析法探討PAHs污染來源 4-25
4-4-2 絕對主成分分析法探討PAHs污染源分佈 4-30
第五章 結論與建議
5-1 結論 5-1
5-2 建議 5-3

參考文獻 參-1

附錄A 多環芳香烴化合物濃度採樣原始數據表 附A-1

表目錄

表2-2-1.1 21種PAHs之分子量、結構式及物理特性 2-10
表2-2-1.2 PAHs之蒸氣壓於25℃水中之溶解度與親電
性反應 (Eπ) 2-12
表2-2-2.1 21種PAHs 之致癌性 2-16
表2-2-3.1 各污染源所產生的PAHs物種 2-18
表3-2-1.1 採樣日期 3-3
表3-3-3.1 MOUDI各階層截取粒徑 3-7
表3-5-3.1 PAHs標準品之成分及濃度 (Supelco) 3-19
表3-5-3.2 PAHs標準品之成分及濃度 (Chem Service) 3-19
表3-5-3.3 PAHs標準品之成分及濃度 (Riedel-de Haёn) 3-19
表3-5-3.4 PAHs 標準品之成分及濃度 (Accu Standard) 3-19
表3-5-3.5 21種PAHs標準品原液稀釋成10 μg/ml之GC/FID
圖譜積分面積 3-20
表3-5-3.6 21種PAHs標準品原液稀釋成10 μg/ml之GC/FID
圖譜積分面積平均值、標準偏差及相對標準偏差 3-21
表3-5-3.7 標準品檢量線 3-22
表3-5-3.8 21種PAHs標準品於GC/FID之滯留時間 (min) 3-23
表3-5-3.9 21種PAHs標準品GC/FID滯留時間之平均值
及標準偏差 3-24
表3-5-4.1 21種標準品之回收率 3-25
表3-5-5.1 標準品回收率之精密度及準確度 3-26
表4-1-1.1 總懸浮微粒平均濃度 (μg/m3) 4-2
表4-1-2.1 竹山站大氣中顆粒相 (Cp)及氣相 (Cg)PAHs
之平均濃度 4-4
表4-1-2.2 新港站大氣中顆粒相 (Cp)及氣相 (Cg)PAHs
之平均濃度 4-6
表4-2-1.1 各文獻懸浮微粒沉降通量 (mg/m2 day) 4-9
表4-2-2.1 各文獻懸浮微粒乾沉降速度（cm/s） 4-10
表4-4-1.1 竹山站非農廢燃燒期間PAHs之因子分析結果 4-25
表4-4-1.2 竹山站農廢燃燒期間PAHs之因子分析結果 4-26
表4-4-1.3 新港站非農廢燃燒期間PAHs之因子分析結果 4-28
表4-4-1.4 新港站農廢燃燒期間PAHs之因子分析結果 4-29
表4-4-2.1 竹山站非農廢燃燒期間PAHs之污染源分布
(average percentage ± standard error percentage*) 4-31
表4-4.2.2 竹山站農廢燃燒期間PAHs之污染源分布
(average percentage ± standard error percentage*) 4-32
表4-4-2-3 新港站非農廢燃燒期間PAHs之污染源分布
(average percentage ± standard error percentage*) 4-34
表4-4-2.4 新港站農廢燃燒期間PAHs之污染源分布
(average percentage ± standard error percentage*) 4-35

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