本研究涵蓋奈米科技毒理學研究資訊交換(exchange of information on human and ecological toxicology studies)與風險評估的方法 (methodologies for risk assessment)，其目標為1. 蒐集國內外奈米科技相關毒理資訊；2. 建立奈米科技風險評估流程圖；3. 對奈米科技風險評估方法提出相關建議；4. 建立奈米微粒風險管理架構，供未來奈米科技風險管理之參考。

毒理學資訊蒐集國內外奈米微粒、量子點、富勒烯(fullerene)以及碳奈米管之毒理學資訊。風險管理上建立了預警原則與奈米健康風險評估架構，以因應奈米技術所帶來之潛在危害，並回應歐體於2004年Brussels舉辦之研商會所做出建立標準化風險評估之呼籲。

毒理學資訊交換提供國內外毒理學資訊與國際接軌；風險評估則已建立了工程奈米微粒之健康風險評估架構，可作為未來國內奈米風險評估之努力方向，以利於政府之奈米風險管理。

The study of this project includes nomenclature, methodologies for risk assessment, and the exchange of information on human and ecological toxicology studies in nanotechnology research. The goals are: (1) collecting domestic and international nanotechnology relevant to toxicity information, (2) establishing the flow chart of nanotechnology risk assessment, (3) making suggestions of methodologies for risk assessment on nanotechnology, and (4) establishing the structure of nanoparticles risk management for reference to future nanotechnology risk management.

Nanopartilces, quantum dots, fullerenes and carbon nanotubes has been collected in Toxicological information of nanomaterials. This study has established the Precautionary Principle and the preliminary framework for health risk assessment, which could prevent or reduce risks before the completed development of the potential danger, and reply the appeal for developing a standard methodology for risk assessment which is made by European Commission during the Brussels Conference of 2004.

Exchange of informations of nanotoxicology allows contact between domestic and international researchers. The methodologies for risk assessment establishes framework for health assessment of risks which could be used to be the direction to develop the internal risks assessment, and is advantageous to the government in management of the risks of nanotechnology.

摘要 摘-1
ABSTRACT AB-1
目錄 Ⅰ
表目錄 Ⅲ
圖目錄 Ⅳ

第一章 前言 1-1
1.1 研究緣起 1-1
1.2 研究目的 1-3
1.3 研究架構及方法 1-3

第二章 現階段奈米科技主要發展 2-1
2.1奈米科技之界定 2-1
2.2奈米科技之範籌 2-3
2.3奈米材料物化特性 2-4
2.4奈米材料之種類與應用 2-10
2.4.1 奈米材料種類 2-11
2.4.2 奈米材料之型態與應用 2-13

第三章 文獻回顧 3-1
3.1 奈米材料與健康 3-2
3.2 奈米微粒之毒理特性 3-10
3.2.1 奈米微粒特性 3-10
3.2.2 奈米微粒之已知生物危害 3-14
3.2.3 奈米微粒之可能潛在特質 3-20

第四章 風險評估方法 4-1
4.1 奈米微粒之製造與暴露 4-1
4.1.1 奈米微粒之製造 4-1
4.1.2 職場暴露 4-3
4.2 奈米微粒與傳統化學物之差異性 4-4
4.3 風險評估 4-5
4.3.1 危害鑑定(Hazard Identification) 4-7
4.3.2 暴露評估(Exposure Assessment) 4-12
4.3.3 劑量效應評估(Dose-Response Assessment) 4-13
4.3.4 風險推估(Risk Estimation) 4-16
4.3.5 風險評估流程 4-18
4.4 結語 4-22

第五章 結論與建議 5-1
5.1 結論 5-1
5.2 建議 5-1

參考文獻 參-1

附錄A 奈米微粒製備方法


表目錄
表2.3-1 奈米材料與一般材料相異處 2-5
表2.3-2 奈米材料的物性變化 2-5
表2.3-3 奈米材料特殊現象與奈米級材料特性 2-7
表4.4-1 健康風險評估未來努力方向與建議 4-26

圖目錄
圖1.3-1 研究架構流程圖 1-4
圖2.2-1 奈米科技之範疇 2-4
圖3.1-1 實驗數據與模式預測的總呼吸吸附超細微粒間之關係 3-3
圖3.1-2 健康者及氣喘病人之微粒數量吸附數值比較 3-4
圖3.1-3小規模的大破壞。 3-5
圖3.1-4 量子井、量子線及量子點與電子的物質波波長比較關係示意圖 3-6
圖3.1-5 以化學溶膠法製作CdS/HgS/CdS複層 3-7
圖3.1-6 以GaAs基材蝕刻窄圓柱式量子點之SEM影像 3-8
圖3.1-7 以分閘法產生GaAs/AlGaAs量子點之SEM影像 3-8
圖3.1-8 HgS/CdS/HgS開放式量子點截面圖及對應之位能 3-9
圖4.1-1 奈米微粒製造示意流程圖 4-1
圖4.1-2 氣相合成法微粒生成過程示意圖 4-2
圖4.3-1 風險分析關係圖 4-6
圖4.3-2 風險評估步驟—危害鑑定 4-19
圖4.3-3 風險評估步驟—暴露評估 4-20
圖4.3-4 風險評估步驟—劑量效應評估 4-21
圖4.3-5 風險評估步驟—風險推估 4-22
圖4.4-1 奈米微粒風險管理—風險評估與預警原則架構 4-25

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