資訊科技治理的重要性在於透過不同的治理機制來促進組織內資訊系統的策略調校與決策以支援企業需求，進而提升組織效率，最終達成組織的目標，創造競爭優勢。以往的資訊科技治理文獻大多以探討IT治理模式與組織權變因素 (contingency factors) 對於組織績效可能產生的影響為主，對於個別的治理機制如何促進組織績效以及策略調校 (strategic alignment) 在其中扮演的角色卻鮮少著墨。 資訊科技治理機制包含了決策結構機制 (decision-making structural mechanism)、正式流程機制 (formal process mechanism) 與溝通/關係機制 (communication/relational mechanism)，應用到探討資訊系統委外成功因素的研究範疇中則以契約治理 (contractual governance) 與關係治理 (relational governance) 兩種機制為主。
本論文的目的為藉由三個獨立研究釐清資訊科技治理機制、策略調校與組織績效三者間的關係，以及探討契約治理與關係治理之間的關係如何對資訊科技委外成功產生影響。研究的結果發現： (一) 資訊科技治理機制必須經由策略調校才能對組織績效產生顯著的正向影響；換言之，如果已經有成熟的資訊科技治理機制，但卻沒有確保組織的資訊科技策略目標和企業目標的一致性，資訊科技治理便無法發揮綜效，進而提升組織績效。(二) 契約治理與關係治理彼此為相輔相成的關係，且此一關係會因為組織文化價值觀不同而對資訊科技委外成功產生不同程度的影響。

The objective of this dissertation is to examine the role of IT governance mechanisms in achieving organizational goals. Despite a considerable body of work on IT governance, answers to uncover how organizational value is created through IT governance remain largely untapped. In order to better understand the impact of IT governance, this dissertation examines the role of governance mechanisms in two areas of IS research: strategic alignment and IT outsourcing, with the aim to answer the following research questions:
(1) What is the relationship between IT governance mechanisms and strategic alignment, and how does this relationship influence the impact of IT governance mechanisms on organizational performance, and (2) what are critical governance mechanisms for successful IT outsourcing and how do they relate to each other ?
This dissertation consists of three studies. By consolidating knowledge about strategic alignment and IT governance, the first study proposes a nomological model showing how organizational value is created through three IT governance mechanisms. Using dyadic data collected from 136 Taiwanese companies, we uncover a positive and significant linkage between IT governance and strategic alignment, and further, between strategic alignment and organizational performance. The first study contributes to the research base by integrating and extending the literature on IT governance and strategic alignment, both of which areas long being recognized as critical for achieving organizational goals.
Study 2 and Study 3 examine the role of governance mechanisms and their inter-relationships in the context of IT outsourcing success. Study 2 develops an IT outsourcing success model based on a thoughtful narrative review of IT outsourcing articles. It further extends previous review studies by providing quantitative information of each significant correlated relationship between relational governance and contractual governance mechanisms using meta-analytic techniques. In Study 3 three alternative theoretical models are proposed and compared in terms of the model fit measures to identify which one best explains the inter-relationships between relational governance variables. The findings provide guidance on how contractual governance and relational governance as complements enhance the outcome of IT outsourcing. Together, these three studies help to enhance our understanding of how organizational value is created through IT governance mechanisms.

DISSERTATION APPROVAL FORM i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ii
CHINESE ABSTRACT iii
ENGLISH ABSTRACT iv

CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 1

CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 7
2.1 Review of IT Governance Research 7
2.1.1 Defining IT Governance 8
2.1.2 Evolution of IT Governance Research 10
2.1.3 IT Governance Mechanisms 11
2.2 Review of Strategic Alignment Research 16
2.2.1 Definitions of Strategic Alignment 17
2.2.2 Antecedents of Strategic Alignment 18
2.3 Evolution of IT Outsourcing Research 21
2.3.1 Economic and Social Theories 23
2.3.2 Governance Mechanisms of IT Outsourcing 27

CHAPTER 3. HOW IT GOVERNANCE MATURITY AND STRATEGIC ALIGNMENT INFLUENCE ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE: INSIGHTS FROM A MATCHED SURVEY 30
3.1 Introduction 30
3.2 Theoretical Development 32
3.2.1 Strategic Alignment and Performance 32
3.2.2 IT Governance 34
3.2.3 IT Governance Maturity Facilitates Strategic Alignment 36
3.3 Research Methodology 39
3.4 Data Validation and Analysis 47
3.5 Contributions and Implications 50
3.6 Conclusions 57

CHAPTER 4. A COMPLEMENTARY PERSPECTIVE MODEL FOR SUCCESSFUL IT OUTSOURCING GOVERNANCE: A META ANALYSIS 58
4.1 Introduction 58
4.2 Theoretical Development 61
4.2.1 IT Outsourcing Success 62
4.2.2 Relational Governance and IT Outsourcing Success 63
4.2.3 Contractual Governance and IT Outsourcing Success 67
4.2.4 Contractual Governance and Relational Governance 68
4.3 Research Methodology 71
4.4 Data Analysis 78
4.5 Discussion 79
4.6 Conclusions 84

CHAPTER 5. UNDERSTANDING RELATIONAL GOVERNANCE FOR IT OUTSOURCING SUCCESS: A STUDY OF COMPETING MODELS 86
5.1 Introduction 86
5.2 Three Alternative Models 88
5.2.1 Model based on the Theory of Relational Cohesion and Interaction Process 89
5.2.2 Model based on an Extended Trust-Commitment Theory 93
5.3 Research Methodology 98
5.4 Data Analysis 99
5.5 Discussion and Implications 101
5.6 Conclusions 105

CHAPTER 6. CONCLUSION 107
6.1 Summary of Research Findings 107
6.2 Theoretical Contributions 109
6.3 Practical Contributions 110
6.4 Limitations and Future Research 113

REFERENCES 116
APPENDICES 133
Appendix A. Questionnaire of Study 1 133
Appendix B. Sample Distribution of Study 1 135
Appendix C. Measurement Validation of Study 1 136
Appendix D. List of Papers Included in the Meta-Analysis 139

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